大型空间地磁亚暴环境地面模拟试验

空间地磁亚暴环境可以给地球同步轨道卫星带来灾难性后果。文章主要介绍了地磁亚暴环境效应及国内外的相关设备,并根据我国现状,提出进行大型地磁亚暴环境试验的必要性和可行性。     

红外热波成像法测量薄板局部换热系数

通过连续激光调制对薄板试样进行局部周期加热，采用红外扫描测温技术记录动态温度分布。利用博里叶变换分析温度基波相位和幅值变化，进而推算壁面的局部换热系数。介绍了该方法的测量原理，在风洞中对两种不同厚度的薄板进行了实验研究，并对实验结果进行了分析和讨论。     

发动机镀镉螺栓连接件的失效分析

对一种固体发动机安全机构上的螺栓连接失效件断口进行了扫描电子显微镜、金相组织、化学成分和Ｘ射线微区元素分析。基本朝该螺栓件失效断裂原因，由于钢制螺镀之后，低熔点金属镉从螺纹根部缺陷处渗入到基体内部引起晶界脆化，在应力的作用睛导致螺栓件失效断裂。     

GPS total electron content and surface latent heat flux variations before the 11 March 2011 M9.0 Sendai earthquake

The present paper describes the variations of the GPS total electron content (TEC) from the International GNSS service network and surface latent heat flux (SLHF) from the Scientific Computing Division of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) before the 11 March 2011 M9.0 Sendai earthquake, respectively. The analysis shows pronounced enhancements in the GPS TEC and SLHF a few days prior to the earthquake event. The maximum increase in the GPS TEC was about 30 TECu with an extended spatial distribution on a geomagnetically quiet day (Dst ? −20 nT, between two moderate geomagnetic storms), 8 March, 3 days prior to the earthquake. This giant positive disturbance was possibly associated with the impending disastrous earthquake and contributed from the enhanced solar radiation. Moreover, there were several anomalous regions of SLHF on the global map, but an area of enhanced SLHF very close to the epicenter. The purpose of this paper is to report the existence of the changes in surface and ionosphere, and show the potential application of multi-source data to identify seismic precursors.     

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面处理工艺研究

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面的处理是影响超导腔Q值的最大因素。本文首先通过理论分析确定了超导腔Q与表面剩余电阻的关系,其次通过一系列的表面处理工艺来保证超导腔内表面的剩余电阻尽量小,最后通过实验得到了超导腔的Q值为1.9E9,与理论计算结果相近,证明了表面处理的有效性。     

GFRP铣槽加工铣削力及表面粗糙度研究

铣槽是复合材料较常用的机械加工形式之一。为研究玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic,GFRP)铣槽加工中各加工参数对铣削力和表面粗糙度的影响,开展了以主轴转速、进给速度和轴向切深为因素的正交试验,研究铣削力和表面粗糙度的变化规律。并用Matlab软件对铣削力和表面粗糙度的试验数据进行回归分析,建立了铣削力和粗糙度的经验公式,最后通过试验验证铣削力和表面粗糙度经验公式的正确性。结果表明:轴向切深对铣削力影响最大,其次是主轴转速,进给速度对铣削力影响最小;主轴转速对粗糙度的影响最大,其次是进给速度,轴向切深对粗糙度的影响最小。试验结果与铣削力、表面粗糙度经验公式算得的数值对比,误差范围都在20%以内。     

航天柔性展开结构技术及其应用研究进展

综述了航天柔性展开结构的技术特点及其在航天器中的研究应用情况，围绕航天柔性展开结构应用涉及的薄膜褶皱、充气张力结构的屈曲失稳、展开动力学、精度测试、刚化材料等关键理论和技术基础，评述了航天柔性结构技术应用中的关键问题及未来研究重点，最后给出了航天柔性展开结构技术的未来发展趋势。     

Hierarchical object oriented classification using very high resolution imagery and LIDAR data over urban areas

Urban land cover information extraction is a hot topic within urban studies. Heterogeneous spectra of high resolution imagery—caused by the inner complexity of urban areas—make it difficult. In this paper a hierarchical object oriented classification method over an urban area is presented. Combining QuickBird imagery and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data, nine kinds of land cover objects were extracted. The Spectral Shape Index (SSI) method is used to distinguish water and shadow from black body mask, with 100% classification accuracy for water and 95.56% for shadow. Vegetation was extracted by using a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) image at first, and then a more accurate classification result of shrub and grassland is obtained by integrating the height information from LIDAR data. The classification accuracy of shrub was improved from 85.25% to 92.09% and from 82.86% to 97.06% for grassland. More granularity of this classification can be obtained by using this method. High buildings and low buildings can, for example, be distinguished from the original building class. Road class can also be further classified into roads and crossroads. The comparison of the classification accuracy between this method and the traditional pixel-based method indicates that the total accuracy is improved from 69.12% to 89.40%.     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.