航天器内部磁场环境主动补偿方法

为解决空间引力波探测任务中航天器磁场对惯性传感器干扰的问题，研究在航天器复杂磁环境下利用主动测控方式获取小尺度均匀磁场环境的方法.在惯性传感器周围进行分布式磁场探测，并采用球谐函数法或多磁偶极子法实现对惯性传感器外部磁源的估计，计算惯性传感器所处位置的空间磁场及其梯度分布.利用线圈技术，对磁场及其梯度进行线性补偿.讨论分析传感器数量以及磁源布局方式等因素对最终补偿效果的影响.仿真试验结果表明，通过这一方法可将惯性传感器所在区域的磁场及其梯度降低1～2个数量级，降低引力波航天器平台的剩磁控制压力，为引力波探测提供满足要求的磁场环境.      

一种低干扰力矩的三自由度球面磁轴承

提出一种低干扰力矩的三自由度球面磁轴承结构,球面磁轴承定、转子均采用球面结构。当磁通作用在转子的球形包络面时,产生的电磁力会指向转子球心,不会对转子产生干扰力矩,但少量的漏磁磁通会作用在转子的非球形平面上,导致低干扰力矩的出现。利用等效磁路法对球形转子偏转时轴向部分漏磁导致的干扰力矩进行分析,得出干扰力矩的数学表达式。运用有限元法分析球面磁轴承和柱面磁轴承产生偏转时的干扰力矩,结果表明干扰力矩随着转子偏转角度的增加而增大,当转子偏转角达到最大允许值0.3°时,球面磁轴承与柱面磁轴承相比干扰力矩减小两个数量级。球面磁轴承的低干扰力矩特性决定其特别适用于磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺,可提高陀螺的控制精度,在磁悬浮高能密度电机、其他飞轮系统等场合具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于STK的小卫星轨道交会设计研究

利用球面三角形的几何关系进行了基于STK(卫星工具包)的小卫星轨道交会的规划和设计。采用一种较为方便的轨道交会设计方法,并使用功能强大的专业STK软件来仿真和演示,取得了良好的仿真效果,能够较好地满足航天器轨道交会设计的要求,对于其它类型的轨道规划有一定的借鉴作用,为各种航天器的仿真研究提供了一种新的方法。     

基于面片单元的舱室容积测量与计算方法研究

LNG、LPG舱的容积计量在国内目前还处于起步阶段,本文提出了基于面片单元的舱室快速自动化扫描测量方法,论述了基于NURBS曲面的舱室建模正、反算数学模型,研究了基于NURBS曲面加密格网的舱室容积计算方法,以上研究给出了一种快速、精密的LNG、LPG船货舱容积测量及计算的方法。     

折叠球形气囊展开过程仿真

球形气囊展开和折叠过程复杂,采用实验手段研究其展开过程存在诸多不便。建立以单侧内折方式折叠的球形气囊数值分析模型,研究球形气囊折叠后充气展开的动态应用特性,比较相同充气条件不同折叠层数和相同折叠层数不同充气条件下气囊展开动态特性的差异;对影响气囊展开过程中体积和内压曲线变化的因素进行分析,分别讨论折叠层数、充气速率和充气量对球形气囊动态特性的影响。结果表明:单侧内折折叠次数增多会导致气囊内压最大值增大,应用时设定气囊折叠次数应考虑气囊材料最大内压承受能力;充气速率和充气量均会影响气囊展开的稳定性,充气速率的影响主要在充气及气囊展开初期阶段,而充气量的影响主要在充气完成后的自由展开阶段。     

基于BDS/GPS和经验模型的区域电离层建模

基于北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）和全球定位系统（GPS）实测电离层穿刺点（IPP）数据,结合国际参考电离层（IRI）经验模型历史数据,提出一种对区域二维电离层总电子含量（TEC）进行高精度建模的方法.针对缺乏穿刺点的区域内短时间电离层建模时精度较低且各时段穿刺点空间分布不同的问题,该方法使用IRI模型在建模区域内均匀添加虚拟穿刺点数据,并根据与实测穿刺点的距离,使用构造的权重计算公式赋予其动态权重值,通过加权最小二乘法进行球谐模型参数解算.与欧洲定轨中心（CODE）发布的全球电离层图（GIM）进行数据比对发现,相对于只使用BDS/GPS实测穿刺点数据的建模方法,利用本文建模方法计算获得的垂直总电子含量（VTEC）值对缺乏实测穿刺点的区域精度有明显的提升.      

空分天线风场测量中三角尺寸效应的抑制

利用空分天线方法进行风场测量时存在着三角尺寸效应,以往公认的产生原因包括电子噪声干扰、地杂波等因素.本文首先提出另外一种产生三角尺寸效应的可能原因,即大气非平稳性和不均匀性(可统称为大气非平稳性),并讨论了由于此原因对大气风场测量的影响和作用以及产生三角尺寸效应的具体机制.在此基础上提出了一种用来消除大气的非平稳性影响的方法,即增量累积量法.用增量累积量方法的特例(2阶零延迟增量累积量)得出一维平均速度的表达式.理论分析表明利用该方法还可以有效地去除地杂波效应;高阶(k≥3)情况,增量累积量还可以抑制高斯噪声.分别在非平稳大气情况和有地杂波情况下,对空分天线方法中的全相关分析算法和增量累积量法进行数值模拟对比,得出结论:随着天线间距的变化,增量累积量法实测平均风场水平速度与模型输入速度的偏差比全相关分析算法要小得多.      

复杂约束下航天器姿态机动球面几何规划方法

针对航天器进行大角度姿态机动过程中约束多且复杂的问题，提出一种基于球面几何的姿态规划方法。该方法将复杂指向约束描述为多个禁入锥，设计了区分有效约束和无效约束的路径约束检测方法，能有效减少当前路径处理的约束数量；然后将三维空间避障问题映射到二维平面上，通过球面几何距离公式推导了中间姿态指令解析解。仿真结果表明，该方法规划的姿态机动路径不仅能够满足复杂指向约束，而且具有节省机动时间、计算效率高的优点。     

Estimation of differential code biases with Jason-2/3 onboard GPS observations

With the continuous deployment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, the estimation of differential code biases (DCBs) based on GNSS observations from LEO has gained increasing attention. Previous studies on LEO-based DCB estimation are usually using the spherical symmetry ionosphere assumption (SSIA), in which a uniform electron density is assumed in a thick shell. In this study, we propose an approach (named the SHLEO method) to simultaneously estimate the satellite and LEO onboard receiver DCBs by modeling the distribution of the global plasmaspheric total electron content (PTEC) above the satellite orbit with a spherical harmonic (SH) function. Compared to the commonly used SSIA method, the SHLEO model improves the GPS satellite DCB estimation accuracy by 13.46% and the stability by 22.34%, respectively. Compared to the GPS satellite DCBs estimated based on the Jason-3-only observations, the accuracy and monthly stability of the satellite DCBs can be improved by 14.42% and 26.8% when both Jason-2 and Jason-3 onboard observations are jointly processed. Compared with the Jason-2 solutions, the GPS satellite DCB estimates based on the fusion of Jason-2 and Jason-3 observations have an improved consistency of better than 18.26% and 9.71% with the products provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Taking the DCB products provided by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) as references, there is no improvement in accuracy of the GPS satellite DCB estimates based on the fusion of Jason-2 and Jason-3 observations than the Jason-2 solutions alone. A periodic variation is found in the time series of both the Jason-3 and Jason-2 onboard receiver DCB estimates. Preliminary analysis of the PTEC distribution based on the estimated SH coefficients are also presented.     

A triangle voting algorithm based on double feature constraints for star sensors

A novel autonomous star identification algorithm is presented in this study. In the proposed algorithm, each sensor star constructs multi-triangle with its bright neighbor stars and obtains its candidates by triangle voting process, in which the triangle is considered as the basic voting element. In order to accelerate the speed of this algorithm and reduce the required memory for star database, feature extraction is carried out to reduce the dimension of triangles and each triangle is described by its base and height. During the identification period, the voting scheme based on double feature constraints is proposed to implement triangle voting. This scheme guarantees that only the catalog star satisfying two features can vote for the sensor star, which improves the robustness towards false stars. The simulation and real star image test demonstrate that compared with the other two algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more robust towards position noise, magnitude noise and false stars.