Small amplitude ion acoustic solitons in a weakly magnetized plasma with anisotropic ion pressure and kappa distributed electrons

The Zakharov–Kuznetzov (ZK) equation is derived for nonlinear electrostatic waves in a weakly magnetized plasma in the presence of anisotropic ion pressure and superthermal electrons. The anisotropic ion pressure is defined using Chew–Goldberger–Low (CGL) while a generalized Lorentzian (kappa) distribution is assumed for the non-thermal electrons. The standard reductive perturbation method (RPM) is employed to derive the two dimensional ZK equation for the dynamics of obliquely propagating low frequency ion acoustic wave. The influence of spectral index (kappa) of non-thermal electron on the soliton is discussed in the presence of anisotropic ion pressure in plasmas. It is found that ion pressure anisotropy and superthermality of electrons affect both the width and amplitude of the solitary waves. On the other hand the magnetic field is found to alter the dispersive property of the plasma only, and hence the width of the solitons is affected while the amplitude of the solitary waves is independent of external magnetic field. The numerical results are also presented for illustrations.     

功能梯度压电材料层状结构中的SH波

基于线性压电弹性理论,利用传递矩阵法,分析了功能梯度压电材料层状结构中的SH波传播特性,研究了压电梯度覆盖层中初始应力对SH波传播的影响。压电覆盖层的材料性能如弹性、压电、介电系数和密度沿厚度方向呈梯度变化。数值分析结果表明,适当的材料梯度分布,可使SH波倾向于沿覆盖层表面传播,由此能够获得更好的机电耦合性能;同时,初始应力使得波传播的相速度减小,但增大了机电耦合系数。文中的分析方法和结论,对固体火箭发动机超声探伤及其压电类传感器的研制和选择有一定的参考意义。     

星载全球大气波动成像仪研究

在卫星上对中间层顶区域的气辉辐射成像观测, 对于全球大气波动的监测和研究具有重要的意义. 利用TDICCD对O₂A (0-0)气辉进行成像观测, 计算了曝光积分时间、信噪比和能达到的最高空间分辨率, 分析了地球自转对空间分辨率的影响, 在此基础上提出一种星载全球大气波动成像仪方案, 该方案可以观测垂直波长大于10km的大气波动, 最高水平分辨率可以达到0.33km.      

Assessment of Two Turbulence Models and Some Compressibility Corrections for Hypersonic Compression Comers by High-order Difference Schemes

The Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model,the shear-stress transport (SST) turbulenee model and their compressibility corrections are revaluated for hypersonic compression corner flows by using high-...     

突跃型与平滑型斜爆震波起爆机制数值模拟

采用带有化学反应的Euler方程,对突跃型与平滑型2种形态的斜爆震波(ODW)在起爆机制和结构特点等方面的差异进行了研究.结果表明:斜激波(OSW)后是否存在亚声速区是判定斜爆震形态的依据.当波后火焰抬升斜激波面使得亚声速区存在时,横向激波与三波点结构就会出现并形成突跃型斜爆震.当波后所有区域皆为超声速区时,波后火焰燃烧无法影响到上游激波面,则会形成平滑型斜爆震.通过斜激波关系式给出了横向激波形成所需的临界斜激波角度,只有当斜激波角度大于此临界角度时才能形成突跃型斜爆震波,反之则形成平滑型斜爆震波.      

Ion-acoustic waves in unmagnetized collisionless weakly relativistic plasma of warm-ion and isothermal-electron using time-fractional KdV equation

Collisionless unmagnetized plasma consisting of a mixture of warm ion-fluid and isothermal-electron is considered, assuming that the ion flow velocity has a weak relativistic effect. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation for small – but finite-amplitude electrostatic ion-acoustic waves in this plasma. The semi-inverse method and Agrawal’s method lead to the Euler–Lagrange equation that leads to the time fractional KdV equation. The variational-iteration method given by He is used to solve the derived time fractional KdV equation. The calculations show that the fractional order may play the same rule of higher order dissipation in KdV equation to modulate the soliton wave amplitude in the plasma system. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as space-plasmas, laser-plasma interaction, plasma sheet boundary layer of the earth’s magnetosphere, solar atmosphere and interplanetary space.     

Wolf–Rayet optically thick winds with Alfvén waves

The Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars are hot luminous objects which are suffering an extreme mass loss via a continuous stellar wind. The high values of mass loss rates and high terminal velocities of the WR stellar winds constitute a challenge to the theories of radiation driven winds. Several authors incorporated magnetic forces to the line driven mechanism in order to explain these characteristics of the wind. Observations indicate that the WR stellar winds may reach, at the photosphere, velocities of the order of the terminal values, which means that an important part of the wind acceleration occurs at the optically thick region. The aim of this study is to analyze a model in which the wind in a WR star begins to be accelerated in the optically thick part of the wind. We used as initial conditions stellar parameters taken from the literature and solved the energy, mass and momentum equations. We demonstrate that the acceleration only by radiative forces is prevented by the general behavior of the opacities. Combining radiative forces plus a flux of Alfvén waves, we found in the simulations a fast drop in the wind density profile which strongly reduces the extension of the optically thick region and the wind becomes optically thin too close its base. The understanding how the WR wind initiate is still an open issue.     

电磁波与TVP相互作用

基于时变等离子体(TVP)的场方程,根据麦克斯韦方程,推导了TVP对入射电磁波的频率上移、时间衰减常数、反射系数,以及TVP的透射波和反射波电场幅值计算公式。通过实例计算分析了不同时间的新波频率、时间衰减常数和电场幅值。方法简单易行,可为TVP的应用提供一定的理论依据。     

超声电喷推进机理研究

超声电喷推进是一种新型的电推进技术,主要用于解决胶体推力器等电推力器发射点集成困难、发射点数密度低的问题。通过将超声振动产生的大量微细驻波作为发射源,超声电喷推进将从根本上提高发射点的数目和密度,形成较大的推力密度。文章对超声电喷推进的发射机理进行了研究,得到相应的理论发射模型。通过对发射表面上微细驻波的形成过程、带电液滴的分离过程进行理论分析,建立了静电场条件下微细驻波波峰临界状态的平衡方程,推导出微细驻波波峰局部半径以及发射液滴尺寸的理论解,并提出了发射电流、比冲和推力的估算方程。在此基础上,分析了极间电场强度、超声振动频率、超声振动功率、推进剂性能黏度、推进剂表面张力系数和电导率对超声电喷推进性能的影响规律,并进行了试验验证。     

爆炸冲击载荷下典型机身结构动响应及破坏

确定满足适航要求的最小风险炸弹位置,必须研究爆炸冲击载荷下机身结构动响应及破坏模式。以某型飞机典型机身结构为研究对象,采用LS-DYNA商用软件,建立了爆炸冲击载荷下机身典型结构动响应数值模型。采用控制变量法分析了爆炸物当量、爆炸冲击距离以及爆炸冲击位置对典型机身结构动响应及破坏模式的影响,同时研究了损伤后典型机身结构的剩余强度。研究结果表明,造成机身结构有效破坏的爆炸物临界当量与爆炸冲击距离密切相关;爆炸冲击距离对典型机身结构损伤及剩余强度影响不明显;典型机身结构筋条位置对剩余强度影响较大。在此基础上,提出了表征剩余强度的无量纲系数,并建立了剩余强度无量纲系数与爆炸物当量及爆炸冲击距离之间的函数关系。