某小型无人机中长波辐射特性测量及辐射强度反演

随着“自杀式”无人机集群的饱和式攻击在战场上发挥巨大威力,如何有效拦截是各国近年来研究的重要方向,而红外探测是最热门也是最高效的探测拦截手段之一。为此,开展某典型无人机目标中长波红外探测试验,获取典型某无人机目标辐射特性数据,完成中长波红外辐射强度反演。同时,考虑环境变化对红外探测的影响,为使用红外探测手段完成无人机目标拦截提供实测效果演示。本文研究结果可作为论证中长波对无人机目标探测差异的依据,以支撑探测体制的选择。     

Spatial variation of the supersonic thermal plasma flow downstream of the termination shock

In this paper we start from the most recently observed fact that the solar wind plasma after passage over the termination shock is still supersonic with a Mach number of about 2. To explain this unexpected phenomenon and to predict the evolution of properties of the downstream plasma flow we here consider a two-fluid proton plasma with pick-up protons as a separate suprathermal, second proton fluid. We then formulate a self-consistent system of hydrodynamical conservation equations coupling the two fluids by dynamical and thermodynamical coupling terms and taking into account the effects of newly incorporated protons due to charge exchange with the H-atoms in the heliosheath. This then allows us to predict that in the most probable case the solar wind protons will become subsonic over a distance of about 30 AU downstream of the shock. As we can also show, it may, however, happen that the plasma mixture later again reconverts to a supersonic signature and has to undergo a second shock before meeting the heliopause.     

Report on the Kiso cometary dust trail survey

Cometary dust trails were first observed by IRAS; they are widely known to be the origins of meteoric showers. A new window has been opened for the study of dust trails, using ground-based observations. We succeeded in obtaining direct images of the 22P/Kopff dust trail with the Kiso 1.05-m Schmidt telescope. Following this initial success, we have continued to perform a dust trail survey at Kiso. As a result of this survey, we have detected dust trails along the orbit of six periodic comets, between February 2002 and March 2004. The optical depth of these dust trails are 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁸, which is consistent with IRAS measurements. In this paper, we describe the observations and data reduction procedures, and report the brief result obtained between February 2002 and March 2004.     

Possible physical properties of the flow in the vicinity of the heliopause

An interface between the fully ionized hydrogen plasma of the solar wind (SW) and the partially ionized hydrogen gas flow of the local interstellar medium (LISM) is formed as a region where there is a strong interaction between these two flows. The interface is bounded by the solar wind termination shock (TS) and the LISM bow shock (BS) and is separated on two regions by the heliopause (HP) separating the solar wind and charged component of the LISM (plasma component below). The BS is formed due to the deceleration of the supersonic LISM flow relative to the solar system. Regions of the interface between the TS and HP and between the HP and BS were in literature named as the inner and outer heliosheaths, respectively. An investigation of the structure and physical properties of the heliosheath is at present especially interested due to the fact that Voyager-1 and Voyager-2 have crossed the TS in December 2004 (Burlaga, L.F., Ness, N.F., Acuna, M.Y., et al. Crossing the termination shock into the the heliosheath. Magnetic fields. Science 309, 2027–2029, 2005; Fisk, L.A. Journey into the unknown beyond. Science 309, 2016–2017, 2005; Decker, R.B., Krimigis, S.M., Roelof, E.C., et al. Voyager 1 in the foreshock, termination shock and heliosheath. Science 309, 2020–2024, 2005; Stone, E.C., Cummings, A.C., McDonald, F.B., et al. Voyager 1 explores the termination shock region and the heliosheath beyond. Science 309, 2017–2020, 2005) and in September 2007 (Jokipii, J.R. A shock for Voyager 2. Nature 454, 38–39, 2008; Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S. Intense plasma waves at and near the solar wind termination shock. Nature 454, 78–80, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature07023; Wang, L., Lin, R.P., Larson, D.E., Luhmann, J.G. Domination of heliosheath pressure by shock-accelerated pickup ions from observations of neutral atoms. Nature 454, 81–83, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature07068.14; Burlaga, L.F., Ness, N.F., Acuna, M.H., et al. Magnetic fields at the solar wind termination shock. Nature 454, 75–77, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature07029; Richardson, J.D., Kasper, J.C., Wang, C., et al. Cool heliosheath plasma and deceleration of the upstream solar wind at the termination shock. Nature 454, 63–66, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature07024; Stone, E.C., Cummings, A.C., McDonald, F.B., et al. An asymmetric solar wind termination shock. Nature 454, 71–74, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature07022; Decker, R.B., Krimigis, S.M., Roelof, E.C., et al. Mediation of the solar wind termination shock by non-thermal ions. Nature 454, 67–70, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nature 07030), respectively, and entered to the inner heliosheath.     

导体与非导体介质翼型的缩比模型RCS数值计算分析

应用二维电磁散射有限元算法理论考虑了几组导体和非导体介质翼型的缩比计算模型,计算出缩比模型的RCS并与1:1模型进行对比.结果显示,导体翼型的缩比模型RCS计算结果与推及的二维导体外形缩比模型测量定律完全符合;非导体翼型的缩比模型在等效阻抗增大时,按缩比测量定律计算的RCS与1:1模型间的相对误差越来越大,但在等效阻抗小于0.5时缩比定律是有效的.     

配置点谱方法求解非均匀介质内辐射传热问题

发动机内的燃气等高温介质随着组分和浓度的变化，会引起折射率在空间上的非均匀分布，从而导致辐射能束沿着曲线传播，其相应的辐射传热过程也更为复杂。为了避免射线追踪方法的复杂计算、提高计算效率，本文提出了配置点谱方法求解二维非均匀介质内辐射传热问题。在求解过程中，角向采用离散坐标法处理，空间采用配置点谱方法处理。通过将三种非均匀介质内辐射传热问题的配置点谱方法结果与文献结果进行对比分析，发现配置点谱方法可以在较少的节点数下，获得准确、有效地计算结果。并且，采用配置点谱方法求解三种算例的计算时间均消耗较少，均在20分钟以内。这将为进一步开展发动机复杂结构内高温燃气辐射快速仿真提供基础。     

双损耗Al2O3基多孔吸波材料的制备及其吸波性能

基于片状Al₂O₃陶瓷互锁结构强度高的特点,制备出夹杂石墨的高气孔率的Al₂O₃多孔陶瓷,并通过原位还原在多孔骨架中制备出Ni微粒,形成一种轻质的双损耗陶瓷基吸波材料。通过XRD、FE-SEM和EDS研究了还原温度对多孔吸波材料的组成、微观形貌、元素分布和吸波性能的影响。结果表明,还原温度升温至700 ℃可将多孔网络中Ni完全还原,形成以堆叠互锁Al₂O₃为基,夹杂片状石墨和孔表面覆盖Ni微粒的双损耗轻质吸波材料。当复合材料厚度为6.5 mm时,最小反射损耗为-35.01 dB,有效吸收带宽达到1.75 GHz。片状Al₂O₃锁定的石墨片构筑的导电网络,Ni微粒与基体之间的极化效应等共同促进复合材料良好的微波吸收性能。     

PICA中的酚醛树脂热分解机理

采用TG-FTIR和Py GC-MS联用仪对PICA中酚醛热分解过程和产物进行分析和研究,结果表明,PICA酚醛存在两个明显热失重阶段。第一阶段失重为酚醛小分子解吸附过程,主要为H2O、CO2和HOCH2CH2OH分子;第二阶段主要是由酚醛化学键断裂反应引起,为主要热分解阶段,产物主要为酚类、苯系物和稠环芳烃。经过高温热解后,酚醛基体与高孔隙率碳纤维增强体结合形成疏松多孔且具有一定强度的碳层结构。     

半透明吸收、散射性介质内辐射传递系数的新型计算方法

为考虑半透明吸收、散射性介质内各向同性散射对辐射能量传递过程的影响，通过对辐射能量传递过程的分解，提出了一种基于辐射能量传递过程分解的射线踪迹法，该计算方法无需引入预设控制精度参数。经与其他计算方法的比较表明，该新型计算方法正确，计算精度高、计算时间短，可以用于研究介质内辐射能量传递过程的研究。     

On the correlation of the solar wind observed at the L5 point and at the Earth

The L5 point is a promising location for forecasting co-rotating high-speed streams in the solar wind arriving at the Earth. We correlated the solar wind data obtained by the Nozomi spacecraft in interplanetary space and by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) at the L1 point, and found that the correlation is significantly improved from that of the 27-day recurrence of ACE data. Based on the correlation between the two spacecraft observations, we estimated the correlation of the solar wind velocity between the L5 point and at the Earth, and found that the correlation coefficient was about 0.78 in late 1999, while that of the 27-day recurrence was 0.51. Eighty-eight percent of the velocity difference falls within 100 km/s between the L5 point and the Earth. This demonstrates the potential capability of solar wind monitoring at the L5 point to forecast the geomagnetic disturbances 4.5 days in advance.