Variation of energetic particle precipitation with local magnetic time

The detailed study of the precipitation of magnetospheric particles into the atmosphere is complicated by the rather complex spatial configuration of the precipitation region and its variability with geomagnetic activity. In this paper we will introduce polar oval coordinates and apply them to POES observations of 30 keV to 2.5 MeV electrons and comparable protons to illustrate the dependence of particle precipitation on local time and geomagnetic activity. These coordinates also allow an easy separation of the spatial precipitation patterns of solar and magnetospheric particles. The results indicate that (a) the spatial precipitation pattern of energetic magnetospheric electrons basically follows the pattern of the field parallel Birkeland currents up to MeV energies and (b) at least in the mesosphere the influence of magnetospheric electrons is comparable to the one of solar electrons. Implications for modeling of atmospheric chemistry will be sketched.     

基于粒子群算法的导弹PID控制参数选择

PID控制在导弹控制系统的设计中得到了较多的应用,但PID控制器的性能依赖于其参数的整定和优化。利用粒子群算法对控制器的参数进行优化,并对俯仰通道控制系统进行了仿真研究,结果表明,攻角和俯仰角速度都取得了较好的效果,当气动参数具有不确定性时,效果依然较好,验证了方法的有效性。     

运输机翼型结冰的计算和实验

采用数值计算和结冰风洞实验相结合的手段,对某运输机机翼剖面缩比翼型的结冰特性进行了研究.结冰实验在气动中心0.3m×0.2m结冰风洞中进行,实验模型为弦长0.18m的层流翼型.翼型的绕流流场通过求解低速黏流的时均Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程得到,采用拉格朗日法计算水滴撞击特性,在此基础上,求解结冰热力学模型...     

聚集状态下燃烧室凝相粒子粒度特性实验

设计了具有收敛段的粒子发生装置,采用密闭收集水罐,针对HTPB推进剂开展实验,有效完整地收集到了聚集状态下的凝相粒子。采用扫描电镜和粒度分析仪对收集的粒子进行了分析。结果表明,聚集状态下颗粒间碰撞聚合非常严重,大颗粒一般由多个颗粒聚合而成。碰撞聚合条件下凝相粒子的粒度分布范围比较宽,颗粒分布峰值粒度在9～13μm之间,比非聚集状态下的主峰粒度大很多。研究结果可为两相流数值计算、发动机工作过程分析提供基础数据。     

The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies

The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies (ROLSS) is a concept for a near-side low radio frequency imaging interferometric array designed to study particle acceleration at the Sun and in the inner heliosphere. The prime science mission is to image the radio emission generated by Type II and III solar radio burst processes with the aim of determining the sites at and mechanisms by which the radiating particles are accelerated. Specific questions to be addressed include the following: (1) Isolating the sites of electron acceleration responsible for Type II and III solar radio bursts during coronal mass ejections (CMEs); and (2) Determining if and the mechanism(s) by which multiple, successive CMEs produce unusually efficient particle acceleration and intense radio emission. Secondary science goals include constraining the density of the lunar ionosphere by searching for a low radio frequency cutoff to solar radio emission and constraining the low energy electron population in astrophysical sources. Key design requirements on ROLSS include the operational frequency and angular resolution. The electron densities in the solar corona and inner heliosphere are such that the relevant emission occurs at frequencies below 10 MHz. Second, resolving the potential sites of particle acceleration requires an instrument with an angular resolution of at least 2°, equivalent to a linear array size of approximately 1000 m. Operations would consist of data acquisition during the lunar day, with regular data downlinks. No operations would occur during lunar night.     

不连续增强镁基复合材料的制备与应用

综述了不连续增强镁基复合材料的制备工艺及特点，介绍了其应用情况，展望了其发展前景。     

流体微团作用与流动结构变化试验分析

为了分析湍流流动中流体微团所受作用与流动结构变化之间的关系,在槽道湍流边界层中通过粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,拍摄流向-展向平面流场,采用本征正交分解方法提取湍流流动中不同尺度的含能结构。采用矢量象限组合分析方法,将流场中流体微团所受作用分为肿胀作用、弯曲作用和旋转作用。结果表明:流动结构变化机理与这3种作用相关;肿胀型条带间流体微团受到的主要作用是弯曲作用,在弯曲作用下直条带会弯曲,弯曲条带在肿胀作用下汇聚成肿胀型条带;随着流动结构尺度减小,旋转作用逐渐增大。     

基于模糊信息粒化和优化支持向量机的氧化铝陶瓷超声磨削力趋势预测

为实现超声磨削氧化铝陶瓷中磨削力变化趋势的预测,提出了一种基于模糊信息粒化和支持向量机相结合的方法。首先进行氧化铝陶瓷超声磨削试验,然后利用模糊信息粒化方法对试验获得的磨削力进行粒化处理,并将人工免疫系统算法和粒子群算法进行并联混编构成人工免疫系统粒子群算法(AISPSO),接着建立非线性回归支持向量机预测模型并对模糊粒子进行预测,并通过AISPSO算法优化支持向量机预测模型,最后获得超声磨削氧化铝陶瓷中磨削力的变化趋势和变化范围。结果表明:该方法可以有效实现超声磨削中磨削力的变化趋势及变化范围预测,且预测未来5组数据变化范围的误差在10%以内,这为通过磨削力变化调整工艺参数以获得更好的加工表面提供了新的思路。     

一种新型通用经纬仪检定装置设计

新型通用经纬仪检定装置针对平行光管结构进行了重新优化设计,具有提供瞄准目标、光电自准直和图像采集及处理三大功能.基于图像采集与处理的关键技术,通过CMOS相机光学成像系统实现分划板图像采集,利用图像处理软件解算出特征图像的中心位置,得到被测经纬仪光轴与目标光管光轴的夹角或者自准直的失准值,最终达到用图像识别和软件处理取...     

舰船燃气轮机高压涡轮颗粒沉积特性研究

为了探究典型舰船燃气轮机高压涡轮叶栅通道内部的颗粒沉积分布规律,论文以分析随燃气进入涡轮叶栅通道内的颗粒的动力学及颗粒与壁面相互作用的特性为出发点,探究颗粒与涡轮叶片表面撞击后发生黏附与剥离以及沉积与反弹的相互作用准则,在此基础上构建相应的颗粒壁面沉积模型,采用数值模拟方法,建立气-固两相流无量纲方程组,嵌入UDF用户自定义函数,并比较分析临界速度模型和临界黏度模型对于模拟颗粒沉积分布的异同。结果表明,在本文工况条件下,对于临界速度模型而言,叶片表面和下端壁处的颗粒沉积效率都在动量Stokes数增大到约0.1时开始从100%减小,在动量Stokes数增加到约10后减小到0;上端壁处的颗粒沉积效率在动量Stokes数增加到约1时开始从100%减小,在动量Stokes数增大到约100后减小到0。而对于临界黏度模型而言,叶片表面和下端壁处的颗粒沉积效率随着动量Stokes数的增大而不断增大,二者都在动量Stokes数约为1时达到100%,而上端壁处的沉积效率却先增大后减小,最后再增大,在动量Stokes数约为0.1颗粒沉积效率降低到最小值约为80%,后开始增加到100%。