Space Debris Mitigation in France,Germany, Italy and United Kingdom

The Space systems today provide growing benefits to enhance the quality of humankind. However, as a by-product, the orbiting objects inevitably leaves some debris which after 50 years of space activities represent a concern for all space agencies and manufacturers and operators. Since last year no international agreement was in place to mitigate the growing population of space debris objects. The successful result obtained at UN-COPUOS in 2007 and available in the OOSA web site, now gives to the public, a set of voluntary international guidelines that could, if adopted by each space fairing Country, help in maintaining the present space environment. More further steps are necessary in the future to define a legal and normative framework. The paper will present the seven established UN Space Debris guidelines as well as examples of the minimum steps to be carried out at national level to enable the UN-COPUOS to start the discussion of the legal aspect associated with the space debris issue.     

飞机γ角姿态控制系统方案设计及仿真

在简要分析飞机侧向控制系统运动模态基础上,对飞机γ角姿态控制系统结构方案进行设计并进行仿真验证。仿真结果显示,所设计的飞机γ角姿态控制系统结构方案及其控制规律具有良好抗干扰能力,是合理有效的,从而提出对飞行状态变化剧烈的飞机,应采用控制规律调参措施。     

塞棒吹气时方坯结晶器中气泡运动的水模研究

实验考察了在方截面结晶器内，由水口部位吹气形成的射流与气泡群混合的复杂流场中群水体的流态和气泡群运动特性，测定了气泡群直径，上升速度分布、气泡穿透深度以及气泡诱导水体运动的特性等；对气泡运动与水体中夹杂物去除的关系进行了初步探讨；实验确定的最佳吹气参数可供生产操作参考。     

塑料模具设计中常见问题的分析

针对塑料模具在设计时易出现的一些误区，本文从理论和实际两方面着重阐述了其根本原因，并提出了一些看法。     

Ti/ZrO_2界面反应研究

借助DSC、SEM分析 ,分别对Ti ZrO2 体系、Ti Al ZrO2 体系、Ti B Al ZrO2 体系中Ti和ZrO2 的界面反应进程及初始反应温度进行了研究。结果发现 :随着Al、B及微量添加剂的加入 ,Ti和ZrO2 的初始反应温度逐步升高 ;Ti Al ZrO2 和Ti B Al ZrO2 体系与Ti ZrO2 体系相比较 ,Ti和ZrO2 初始反应温度分别提高近 5 0℃和70℃ ,从而弱化了Ti和ZrO2 型壳材料之间的界面反应     

注塑模熔体非牛顿流动的数值模拟

研究注塑模流动的数值模拟。用有限元-有限差分方法模拟非牛顿流体的压力场和温度场,用流体网格法（FAN）模拟熔体锋面的推进过程,这种方法具有通用性好和容易实现自动推进的优点。在486微机上对几个算例进行了模拟计算。比较了牛顿和非牛顿流体的流动特点和锋面推进自动处理的效果,得到了满意的结果。     

December 2006 solar extreme events and their influence on the near-Earth space environment: “Universitetskiy-Tatiana” satellite observations

The Russian microsatellite “Universitetskiy-Tatiana” was launched on Jan. 20, 2005 and was both a scientific and educational mission. Its two main aims were declared as: (1) monitoring of the energetic particles dynamics in the near-Earth space environment after solar events and during quiet times, (2) educational activities based on experimental data obtained from the spacecraft. In this paper observations acquired during Dec. 5–16, 2006, known as “Solar Extreme Events 2006”, were analyzed. The “Universitetskiy-Tatiana” microsatellite orbit permits one to measure both solar energetic particle dynamics, variations of the boundary of solar particle penetration, as well as relativistic and sub-relativistic electrons of the Earth’s outer radiation belt during and after magnetic storms. Both relativistic electrons of the Earth’s outer radiation and solar energetic particles are an important source of radiation damage in near-Earth space. Therefore, the presented experimental results demonstrate the successful application of a small educational spacecraft both for scientific and educational programs.     

TiAl基合金离心铸造过程中的层流临界值分析

分析了金属型离心铸造ＴｉＡｌ基合金排气阀的充型过程,得出了离心铸造过程中充型速度Ｖ与充型长度之间的关系,以及转台的最大转动角速度ω０ ｍ ａｘ（ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ）的选择依据。结果表明,离心铸造过程中,合金液的充型速度是充型长度的函数,随充型长度的增长而增大;熔体的层流长度随转台最大允许旋转角速度的增大而减小。     

异型面机件检测方法探析

针对航空维修及制造企业在飞机零部件修理、制造过程中异型面结构零件无法高效、精准检测的需求,以飞机模胎检测作为研究对象,利用数字摄影测量技术开展异型面机件检测方法研究。利用数字相机对工业零部件或产品进行静态或动态摄影,根据像片上的图像信息进行量测、分析,采用数字方法加以处理,从而求定研究对象上点的二维、三维坐标或绘出对象物的各种图解图,解决了大尺寸异型面结构高效率、高精度测量难题。     

发动机燃烧室内壁材料热环境的气动热试验模拟技术研究

利用超声速矩形湍流导管和等离子电弧加热器模拟了发动机燃烧室内流和高超声速飞行器外壁面外流热环境,进行了平板表面冷壁热流测量和燃烧室内壁材料考核试验。结果表明:由于辐射换热的影响,在选取的两个典型来流条件下,发动机燃烧室内流热环境下的冷壁热流比外流热环境下的高出21%和40%,但是冷壁热流的增量基本相当,约为0.70～0.80MW/m2。随着冷壁热流的增加,辐射换热产生的热流增量的影响力会逐渐减小。材料考核时,相同配方的C/SiC复合材料在内流热环境下的表面温度高出约400℃,背面温度高出约90℃,这种差异对于发动机燃烧室内壁面材料考核至关重要,必须在材料考核试验中加以考虑。