凝聚相粒子在喷管喉部沉积规律的理论预示

以金属粉末为添加剂的固体燃料,在燃烧后金属氧化物以凝聚态的形式在喷管中流动。对于工作时间长、喷喉较小的固体火箭发动机,凝相粒子在喷管喉部的沉积严重地影响到发动机的内弹道性能,甚至引起发动机的爆破事故。因此,搞清沉积规律是十分必要的。 本文根据凝相粒子的运动规律以及关于沉积层的移动边界传热问题的分析,提供了一个关于沉积速度的理论预估方法。通过算例,证明理论预估与实验资料是十分吻合的。     

氧化物陶瓷的微波烧结

利用自行研制的微波烧结装置，进行了氧化锆（Ｙ－ＴＺＰ）、氧化锆增韧氧化铝（ＺＴＡ）和氧化铝陶瓷的微波烧结实验研究。重点讨论了烧结温度、保温时间对烧结密度的影响。另外，还从烧结工艺、烧结结果等方面与常规烧结方法进行了比较。     

K417镍基高温合金微动磨损行为的研究

研究了K417镍基高温合金的微动磨损行为。结果表明,K417镍基高温合金的微动磨损可以分为开始、过渡和稳定三个阶段,稳定阶段的微动磨损机理是疲劳脱层。高温下K417镍基合金的微动磨损表面可以形成致密的釉质氧化膜,具有良好高温强度的K417镍基合金基体的支撑保证了釉质氧化膜的连续和完整。通过降低剪切应力的大小和改变其分布形式,釉质氧化膜可以缓解K417镍基合金的微动磨损。     

Electrochemical Behavior of Oxide Films of Stainless Steel in 40 kHz Sonicated Sulphate Electrolytes

This paper describes effects of 40 kHz ultrasound on the oxide films of stainless steel in sulphate electrolytes so as to determine the transmitted power and to characterize mass transfer and peak current density on the electrode surface. Emphasis was mainly laid on electrochemical oxidations and peeling mechanism of oxide films in sonicated sulphate solutions (0.5 and 1.0 mol/L). Polarization voltammetry, current response traces and SEM analysis were carried out in order to provide full information as to oxide films surface. Results shows that the rate of electrochemical oxidation, the shape of polarization curves and the surface micrographs in sonicated sul- phate electrolytes are different from those obtained without introduction of ultrasound. It is concluded that ultrasound can change the electro-chemical behavior of oxide films by its cavitaion effects, which would produce transient mechanical impulsive force and enhance electrochemical reactions.     

钛合金稀土阳极化成膜过程的电化学研究

 对钛合金稀土阳极氧化的电化学过程进行了研究;重点研究了钛合金稀土阳极氧化的成膜过程;分析了不同硫酸浓度,不同成膜电压条件下,电化学参数的变化,讨论了稀土阳极氧化膜的形成机理;通过对阳极氧化膜的 SEM微观形貌图及其他电化学参数的分析,推断氧化膜为分层结构;在一定温度和电压下,对电极电位的变化进行了研究,探讨了稀土阳极氧化膜的形成过程和导电机制;提出了稀土阳极氧化膜是由具有一定半导体特性和电容性的致密层与多孔层构成的,整个成膜过程中导电是由空穴、铈盐离子和溶液离子共同完成的。     

加热炉助燃氧量控制系统

本文介绍了一种以微处理器为基础的助燃氧量控制系统，阐述了用氧化锆为传感元件测量烟气中氧量的原理和应用结果。     

飞机燃油箱漏油故障的检查和处理

容易产生燃油渗漏的主要部位是飞机燃油箱的结构搭接缝、对接缝、接头部位、紧固件以及放油口和加油口等位置。查找漏源是至关重要的，然后采取相应的措施，修理油箱、紧固螺拴、重涂封胶，以保证航班正点和安全。     

Scalable Preparation of SrTiO3 Submicro-wires from Layered Titanate Nanowires

SrTiO3 submicro-wires were prepared by the reaction of layered titanate nanowires with Sr(OH)2 powder in an autoclave. The wires were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Ultra-violet visible (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD measurement shows that the prepared SrTiO3 submicro-wires hardly have impurity phases. The SEM and TEM images demonstrate that the scalable wires, which need to be proc- essed at the reaction temperature of 180 ℃ for about 48 hours, are not composed of single crystals. The PL shows that the wire-like SrTiO3 has emission peaks at the wavelengths of 568 and 585 nm. Further, the Raman spectroscopy reveals structural changes in the products through different reaction time.     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the mechanism of biochemical alterations induced by simulated microgravity in Microcystis aeruginosa

Simulated microgravity (SMG) can inhibit proliferation and enhance microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa. We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating the SMG induced changes of proliferation, photochemical system II photochemical activity, pigment, soluble protein and microcystin production in M. aeruginosa. M. aeruginosa was exposed to 0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) or 0.02 mM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO, NO scavenger) alone or in combination with SMG for 48 h. SMG and SNP inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa while c-PTIO had no effect on cell number. As to yield, the negative effect of SMG was augmented by SNP and suppressed by c-PTIO. The intracellular concentrations of chlorophyll a, carotenoid, phycocyanin, soluble protein and microcystin were increased by SMG after 48 h. The effects of SMG on these metabolic processes could be enhanced by SNP and be partly eliminated by c-PTIO. Moreover, SNP and c-PTIO only functioned in these biochemical processes under SMG, unlike in the regulation of cell proliferation and yield. These results showed that the effects of SMG could be enhanced by adding exogenous NO and be mitigated by scavenging endogenous NO, revealing the involvement of NO in the changes in biochemistry processes induced by SMG in M. aeruginosa.     

S781白漆电子辐照后光学性能退化的恢复与保护

为了深入认识和抑制航天器材料空间辐照损伤在地面环境中的恢复,在模拟的空间环境下对S781白漆进行了90keV电子辐照试验。研究了电子辐照后,试样分别在真空环境下、真空室注入空气后和空气中储存几小时后辐照诱发的光谱反射系数和太阳吸收比的变化。结果表明,S781白漆光学性能退化的恢复主要发生于与空气接触的数分钟内。此外,液氮环境对S781白漆的电子辐照损伤和光学性能退化具有保护作用。液氮的保护机制不仅在于它抑制了氧在材料表面的化学吸附,还在于它对辐照诱发缺陷的冻析效应。