船舶并联气电混合动力系统动态特性研究与能量效率分析

针对天然气发动机单独使用动力性能较差、动态响应较慢的缺陷问题,提出新型船舶并联气电混合动力系统解决方案,通过电机快速响应特性来提升船舶动力整体效率;设计相关试验,利用上升时间、峰值时间和超调量三个参数对新型动力系统的动态特性进行定量分析,研究不同工况下能量效率提升程度和最优工作模式.研究表明:可逆电机的加入将船舶混合推...     

由卫星的历表位置测定恒星位置

利用云南天文台1m望远镜上的1号CCD的SRT（分离读出技术）观测天王星卫星的资料,相对卫星的历表位置测定了暗恒星的位置,测定精度与目前国外天然卫星位置测定时的最好精度相当．     

自然形高空气球上升过程形状预测

为研究高空气球在上升过程中的形状变化以及蒙皮应力分布情况，并给气球的结构设计以及强度设计提供一定依据，本文建立了气球上升过程中的热力学模型，同时基于高空气球蒙皮材料具有非线性、黏弹性、各向异性和不能抗压等特点，通过简化气球几何模型，采用最小势能法预测自然形高空气球上升过程中的形状，并分析了气球上升过程中的应力分布情况，气球的应力极值出现在气球顶部和底部，而经向应力的数量级远大于纬向应力；还对比了不同充气量下、不同时刻下气球形状及应力分布情况，为气球设计及工程应用提供了有效计算 方法。     

从国家自然科学基金资助看高超声速流动研究的发展现状

高超声速技术已经成为21世纪航空航天领域研究的制高点,许多发达国家都将其作为国家的战略目标。首先,分析了国家自然科学基金(NSFC)2000—2013年度在高超声速流动领域资助的项目情况;其次,对中国高超声速流动研究的主要研究方向、学科交叉情况、主体研究队伍以及人才培养进行了介绍;最后,对未来需要重点关注的方向给出了建议。     

复合材料天然气气瓶设计的几个问题

讨论了汽车用复合材料天然气气瓶的使用条件。推导出气瓶圆筒段、封头、接头和内衬的设计计算公式。在不增加气瓶总质量的情况下，得到了提高头疲劳强度的设计方法。讨论了缠绕张力控制对提高纤维发挥强度的重要性。文中提出的设计计算方法可供复合材料天然气气瓶初步设计参考。     

以天然石墨为原料制备高性能材料的研究

以天然石墨为原料，进行多组元掺杂制备了SiC-B4C-ZrC/C复合材料。研究了ZrO2的加入量对材料性能的影响。实验结果表明：加入少量的（小于8％）ZrO2石墨材料的力学性能和电学性能明显得到提高；而继续添加ZrO2，石墨材料的力学性能和电学性能则有所下降。     

从"生殖"与"性"中看贾平凹小说对人生命力的关注

现代人的生命力、生存状态问题是贾平凹作品的一个重要关注点。贾平凹在小说中通过营造女性生殖器官意象，契合古老的道家文化含蕴，表达了对“生殖”背后所隐含的强大生命力的重视与肯定。由此深化，从“性”的角度，对贾平凹不同时期作品中的女性形象进行分析，揭示出作者由关注道家生殖器官背后体现的生命力而转为通过性爱的自然张扬来绽放现代女性生命力的创作意图。     

自由-自由结构模态参数提取方法研究

从约束试验数据提取自由-自由结构模态参数是试验模态分析领域中的一个重要课题。从多自由度系统特征方程出发，阐述了适合于不同约束条件（弹性和刚性）的两类自由-自由结构模态参数提取方法的基本理论，旨在比较它们的可行性及适用范围。以-悬臂梁结构为基本算例对两种算法进行了深入的数值模拟研究，对模拟结果进行了比较分析。结果表明，两类方法在不同的约束条件下各有优点，存在各自的适用范围，是获取大型航空航天结构整体动态特性的有效途径。     

Transition prediction and sensitivity analysis for a natural laminar flow wing glove flight experiment

Natural laminar flow technology can significantly reduce aircraft aerodynamic drag and has excellent technical appeal for transport aircraft development with high aerodynamic efficiency. Accurately and efficiently predicting the laminar-to-turbulent transition and revealing the maintenance mechanism of laminar flow in a transport aircraft’s flight environment are significant for developing natural laminar flow wings. In this research, we carry out natural laminar flow flight experiments with different Reynolds numbers and angles of attack. The critical N-factor is calibrated as 9.0 using flight experimental data and linear stability theory from a statistical perspective, which makes sure that the relative error of transition location is within 5%. We then implement a simplified e^N transition prediction method with a similar accuracy compared with linear stability theory. We compute the sensitivity information for the simplified e^N method with an adjoint-based method, using the automatic differentiation technique (ADjoint). The impact of Reynolds numbers and pressure distributions on TS waves is analyzed using the sensitivity information. Through the sensitivity analysis, we find that: favorable pressure gradients not only suppress the development of TS waves but also decrease their sensitivity to Reynolds numbers; there exist three special regions which are very sensitive to the pressure distribution, and the sensitivity decreases as the local favorable pressure gradient increases. The proposed sensitivity analysis method enables robust natural laminar flow wings design.     

Adaptive-surrogate-based robust optimization of transonic natural laminar flow nacelle

Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) technology is very effective for reducing the skin friction drag of aircraft engine nacelle, but the aerodynamic performance of NLF nacelle is highly sensitive to uncertain working conditions. Therefore, it’s imperative to incorporate uncertainties into the design of NLF nacelle. In this study, for a robust optimization of NLF nacelle and for improving its efficiency, an adaptive-surrogate-based robust optimization strategy is established, which is an iterative optimization process where the surrogate model is updated to obtain the real Pareto front of multi-objective optimization problem. A case study is carried out to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. The results show that the optimization increases the favorable pressure gradient region and the volume ratio of the nacelle by increasing its lip radius and reducing its maximum diameter. And the aerodynamic robustness of the NLF nacelle is mainly determined by the lip radius, maximum diameter of nacelle and location of the maximum diameter. Compared to the initial nacelle, the optimized nacelle maintains a wide range of low drag and high laminar flow ratio in the disturbance space, which extends the average laminar flow region to 21.6% and facilitates a decrease of 1.98 counts in the average drag coefficient.