新型单模光纤模场直径测试系统

介绍了一种新型的单模光纤模场直径测试系统,它采用国际推荐的基准测试方法－远场扫描法,具有测量精度高、速度快、抗干扰能力强和操作简单的特点,既可用于实验室中,也适合在工厂环境下使用,能够替代同类进口产品。     

空芯光子晶体光纤熔接技术研究

空芯光子晶体光纤(HC-PCF)因其利用纤芯的空气导光而具有高损伤阈值、低损耗、低色散、低非线性等优点。此外,HC-PCF纤芯中空气的折射率温度系数、Verdet系数、Kerr系数远小于石英,在光纤陀螺中有独特的优势。但是在向实际应用迈进的过程中,必须要解决HC-PCF与普通单模光纤以及自身简便、低损耗的熔接问题。基于热致扩芯技术和过渡光纤两种模场匹配方法,研究了HC-PCF和普通单模光纤之间的熔接问题,将两者的熔接损耗由直接熔接的1.4dB降至0.73dB。此外,研究了HC-PCF与其自身的熔接,通过两步放电熔接法,得到高强度低损耗的熔点,熔接损耗为0.52dB。     

基于模态匹配和正交抑制的微机电陀螺闭环控制技术研究

模态匹配和力反馈控制可以在不牺牲检测带宽的情况下,利用机械谐振放大特性有效提高微机电陀螺信噪比、改善陀螺性能。结合一款高Q值对称式四质量敏感结构的陀螺表头,在陀螺动力学平均模型基础上,通过对检测模态同相分量和正交分量的控制,实现陀螺的闭环检测控制。基于静电负刚度原理,通过改变陀螺敏感结构梳齿与质量块之间的电压,构建实时正交抑制系统和精确模态匹配环节,推导出陀螺的静电刚度矩阵,完成了对正交耦合信号的实时抑制和驱动、检测模态的精确模态匹配并且实现对两环节的解耦控制。实测结果显示,陀螺频差由24 Hz缩小到0.05 Hz以内,全温条件下,陀螺的正交耦合量由3(°)/s抑制到0.01(°)/s,陀螺全温零偏稳定性由初始的11.48(°)/h改善到1.95(°)/h,验证了实时正交抑制和模态匹配等技术对提升陀螺性能的具体效果。     

Structural topology optimization under stationary random base acceleration excitations

Structural topology optimization subjected to stationary random base acceleration excitations is investigated in this paper. In the random response analysis, the Large Mass Method(LMM) which attributes artificial large mass values at each driven nodal Degree Of Freedom(DOF) to transforming the base acceleration excitations into force excitations is proposed. The Complete Quadratic Combination(CQC) which is commonly used to calculate the random responses in previous optimization has been proven to be computationally expensive especially for large-scale problems. In order to conquer this difficulty, the Pseudo Excitation Method(PEM) and the combined method of PEM and Mode Acceleration Method(MAM) are adopted into the dynamic topology optimization, and random responses are calculated using these two methods to ascertain a high efficiency over the CQC. A density-based topology optimization method minimizing dynamic responses is then formulated based on the integration of LMM and PEM or the combined method of PEM and MAM. Numerical examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the proposed schemes in dynamic response analysis and the quality of the optimized design in improving dynamic performance.     

Thermal behavior of an isolator with mode transition inducing back-pressure of a dual-mode scramjet

Combustion mode transition is a valuable and challenging research area in dual-mode scramjet engines. The thermal behavior of an isolator with mode transition inducing back-pressure is investigated by direct-connect dual-mode scramjet experiments and theoretical analysis. Combustion experiments are conducted under the incoming airflow conditions of total temperature 1270 K and Mach 2. A small increment of the fuel equivalence ratio is scheduled to trigger mode transition. Correspondingly, the variation of the coolant flow rate is very small. Based on the mea-sured wall pressures, the heat-transfer model can quantify the thermal state variation of the engine with active cooling. Compared with the combustor, mode transition has a greater effect on the iso-lator thermal behavior, and it significantly changes the isolator heat-flux and wall temperature. To further study the isolator thermal behavior from flight Mach 4 to Mach 7, a theoretical analysis is carried out. Around the critical point of combustion mode transition, sudden changes of the isola-tor flowfield and thermal state are discussed.     

复合材料连接方法

文中叙述了复合材料常用的几种连接方法,分析了各种连接的破坏模式和连接形式的选择,同时还介绍了国外复合材料连接方法新进展等内容。     

大型网状可展开天线模态分析

利用ANSYS软件,建立了某大型网状可展开天线展开和收拢状态模态分析的有限元计算模型．给出了展开和收拢状态下天线结构所对应的固有频率和振型。     

结合经验模态分解的振动信号趋势项提取方法

提出一种结合经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）的振动信号趋势项提取方法。利用EMD将信号分解为一系列固有模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）,根据振动信号过零点特性,对属于趋势项的IMF分量进行判别,并对判别为趋势项的IMF分量进一步利用最小二乘法进行趋势项拟舍,将拟合结果求和作为最终趋势项。数值模拟试验和实测数据处理结果表明,这一方法无需假设趋势项类型,且可不受EMD过程中模态混叠和端点效应的影响,使趋势项提取更为准确。     

双气路内并联进气系统模态转换过程数值研究及验证

为了探究双气路内并联进气系统固定马赫数下模态转换过程中的分流板调节策略,利用数值计算与地面试验验证相结合的方法,研究了Ma3.5条件下双气路进气系统在典型分流板位置的流场干涉机制,获得了不同出口反压条件下双气路进气系统的总体性能和流场变化规律。研究结果表明：分流板高度调节影响高低速气路的总体性能,为避免高低速气路之间的流动干扰,引起流量剧烈变化,模态转换过程中提供推力气路的正激波应不被推出分流板前缘;数值预测的密度梯度与试验纹影预测的波系结构高度吻合,数值计算结果表明高低速气路出口反压比变化直接影响分流板附近高低速气路的波系结构,二元喉道段的流场具有明显的三维分布特征;采用抽吸孔和泄流缝的流场控制措施有效提高进气系统的起动性能,分流板相对高度0.702条件下进气系统抗出口反压比能力从28提升到32;采用双S弯扩压器设计,低速气路临界反压比条件下的出口平均马赫数和总压畸变度控制在0.3和0.09以下。     

转级模式对三维内转组合进气道模态转换性能的影响分析

为满足Xiamen Turbine Ejector Ramjet（XTER）组合循环发动机的工作需求,设计了一种具备涡轮、引射火箭、冲压三种模态,工作速域范围Ma∞=0~6的三维内转四通道组合进气道。重点对比分析了引射火箭至冲压的模态转换过程在固定马赫数转级（Ma∞=4.0）和区间马赫数转级（Ma∞=3.0~4.0）模式下的流动与性能特性。结果表明：该进气道在两种转级模式中均正常工作,进气道的捕获流量均能实现由引射火箭通道向冲压通道平稳过渡。固定马赫数转级时,由于分流板的调节,进气道总流量系数由0.92降至0.91,喉道马赫数从2.47降至1.99。引射火箭通道出口总压恢复系数随分流板的逐渐关闭从0.28下降至0.13,冲压通道出口总压恢复系数从0.27升至0.48。区间马赫数转级时,进气道总流量系数从0.89上升至0.91,喉道马赫数从1.63增至1.99。引射火箭通道的出口总压恢复系数随分流板的逐渐关闭从0.60下降至0.13,冲压通道出口的总压恢复系数从0.55下降至0.48。两种转级模式下,冲压通道的抗反压能力均逐渐增强,但结合通道内流动特性与各项性能参数,选择区间马赫数下转级可提高该组合进气道的综合气动性能。