天线物理温度对辐射计接收亮温度影响的研究

Dick式辐射计天线物理温度的变化,直接影响辐射计接收的亮温度。设计一种实验方法,通过改变天线物理温度,测量辐射计输出电压,依据二元回归分析方法推出天线的辐射效率,实验中的外推曲线与测量数据吻合。给出了天线物理温度变化和辐射计接收亮温度变化的关系。     

微波暗室回波损耗的检测

微波暗室的回波损耗是衡量微波暗室吸收特性的一个重要指标,因此对微波暗室的回波损耗的检测是检验微波暗室性能优劣的一个重要方面.首次给出了利用微波标量网络分析仪测量微波暗室回波损耗的测量方案与理论依据,其测量方法简单、实用、思路清晰,不失为解决微波暗室性能评估难题的一种好方法.     

红外隐身涂层及对雷达吸波性能的影响

研究了红外雷达兼容隐身涂层红外发射率及雷达波隐身兼容性的影响因素,包括填料的类型、质量分数及涂层厚度。研究表明,以填充30wt%的HW-3型铝粉为填料,制备的涂层厚度为20μm时,涂层红外发射率达到0.25,能大幅降低材料表明红外辐射温度,且对微波隐身兼容性良好。     

微波等离子推力器喷管流动数值模拟

为了准确把握微波等离子推力器喷管流动的机理与特点,采用冻结流和非平衡流两种模型对其进行了对比数值模拟分析。非平衡流模型考虑了流动过程中的分解反应、电离反应和复合反应,化学动力学模型为4组分、4反应的有限速率化学反应模型,采用二阶精度NND格式数值求解耦合化学反应源项的N S方程组。数值模拟的结果揭示了喷管内的流场结构,反映了喷管内的离解电离状况,得到了推力器的推力和比冲。分析表明,数值方法有效,计算结果合理,具有工程应用价值,能为相关研究提供参考。     

Study of complex dielectric properties of lunar simulants and comparison with Apollo samples at microwave frequencies

Laboratory characterization of dielectric properties of terrestrial analogues of lunar soil (JSC-1A) and comparison with lunar samples returned from various Apollo missions is made at different as well as normalized bulk density. Here measurements of dielectric constants and losses were made at four microwave frequencies such as 1.7 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 31.6 GHz. Complex permittivity of lunar simulant was measured at temperature ranging from −190 °C to + 200 °C using Wave-Guide cell method. Comparison of permittivity of JSC-1A with Apollo sample also has been done at similar microwave frequencies. The investigations reveal that dielectric constant and loss factor of terrestrial analogues of lunar soil are temperature dependent. As temperature is gradually increased both these parameter (storage factor and loss factor) also gradually increases. These temperatures were chosen because the Moon undergoes at that extremes level of temperature. It is scorching heat at 110 °C during the day and freezing cold at −180 °C during night. The measured value of ε can be useful for designing passive as well as active sensors.     

Rainfall retrieval over Indian land and oceanic regions from SSM/I microwave data

Present study focuses on the estimation of rainfall over Indian land and oceanic regions from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F-13. Based on the measurements at 19.35, 22.235 and 85.5 GHz channels of SSM/I Satellite, scattering index (SI) has been developed for the Indian land and oceanic regions separately. These scattering indices were co-located against rainfall from Precipitation Radar (PR) onboard Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) to develop a new regional relationship between the SI and the rain rate for the Indian land and oceanic regions. A non-linear fit between the rain rate and the SI is established for rain measurement. In order to have confidence in our method, we have also estimated rainfall using the global rainfall and scattering index relationship developed by Ferraro and Marks [Ferraro, R.R., Marks, G.F. The development of SSM/I rain rate retrieval algorithms using ground based radar measurements. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. 12, 755–770, 1995]. The validation with the rain-gauge shows that the present scheme is able to retrieve rainfall with better accuracy than that of Ferraro and Marks (1995). Further intercomparison with TRMM-2A12 and validation with rain-gauges rainfall showed that the present algorithm is able to retrieve the rainfall with reasonably good accuracy.     

星用微波功率放大器研制

文章提出了采用S参数获得功率场效应管的输入输出阻抗的方法。在对PA绝对稳定性分析的基础上,采用基于有限元思想的MOMENTUM法设计匹配网络,在设计中将高频寄生和耦合效应加以考虑,提高了设计的准确性。对PA进行了热分析与设计,提出了加入铜载体来改善大功率器件结温的方法,来满足温度设计的要求。成功研制出电路尺寸为96．4mm×23mm的小型化三级PA。试验测试结果为：1dB带宽为125MHz（1647MHz～1772MHz）、P-1,为38．75dBm、增益为51dB、PAE为37．2％。     

同轴型微波等离子推力器磁场效应

在2.45 GHz同轴型微波等离子体推力器中加入磁场可以提高推力器的性能。这是由于磁场的存在,在推力器启动阶段会形成电子回旋共振区;稳定工作时,等离子体获得的焦尔热比没有磁场时高,这些都增加了等离子体吸收的微波能量。以氩气为工质,对外加磁场微波等离子推力器进行了实验研究,结果表明,推力器可以达到较高的耦合效率。对等离子体羽流的诊断则表明,外加磁场提高了推力器谐振腔内工质气体的电离度。     

双波段扇形波束圆锥扫描星载微波散射计系统设计

星载微波散射计是目前唯一能够同时全天候、全天时、高精度、高分辨率和短周期测量海洋表面风场矢量的有源微波遥感器,这一能力已在美国Seasat-1[1]、欧空局ERS-1/2[1]、日本ADEOS-1/2[1]、中国HY-2等卫星装载的微波散射计上得到了充分的证明。双波段、扇形波束圆锥扫描星载微波散射计是一种具有国际先进水平的星载微波散射计,具有测风范围大、测量精度高的优点。文章简要分析了该微波散射计的工作原理、总体方案设计、关键技术、及初步性能评估等。     

CPT铯原子钟微波信号源设计与分析

CPT原子钟由于其体积小、功耗低等优点广泛应用于通信、导航及数据传输等领域。本文采用数字锁相倍频的方法,根据CPT铯原子钟对微波信号的需求设计了一种中心频率为4 596MHz的信号源,并对其输出信号的相位噪声进行了分析。经测试,信号源电路尺寸为30mm×50mm,功耗小于200mW,输出微波功率范围为（-20~-5）dBm,输出信号噪声与理论分析相符,杂散抑制满足设计要求,调制信号频率为500Hz,可用于CPT铯原子钟。