大飞机布局模型跨声速风洞实验尾支撑干扰研究

对某大飞机布局风洞实验尾支撑干扰开展了数值模拟和实验研究,发展的数值方法计算结果与风洞实验结果有很好的一致性.对于类似构型的飞机,在迎角-2°~6°范围,可认为尾支撑干扰量随迎角呈线性变化,采用前位叶片支撑作为辅助支撑带来的二次干扰量可以忽略,新型双天平辅助支撑系统试验进一步验证了这一结果;尾支撑对机身、尾翼、机翼等部件的绕流都有影响,干扰量随构型而变,对阻力、力矩影响较大,且随Ma数变化,因此不同构型实验数据需要单独修正.所发展的带风洞支撵系统的数值模拟软件能够满足工程应用要求,可用于支撑干扰修正研究以及风洞实验支撑系统优化设计.     

微重力环境中的气体质量流量控制器研究

提出了一种高可靠气体质量流量控制器设计. 介绍了该流量控制器的原理和结构. 通过比较不同的气体流量传感器和阀门, 选择了可满足空间科学实验设备可靠性要求的MEMS传感器和针阀. MEMS质量流量计的输出电压(代表实际气体流量), 经过减法电路放大和A/D采样之后, 与设定电压(代表设定的气流流量)进行比较, 差值信号输入给PID控制器, 由其输出步进电机的控制脉冲数和方向, 步进电机驱动器驱动电机调节流过针阀的气体流量, 使之与设定流量相等. 给出了利用该气体质量流量控制器控制氧气流量的实验结果. 该系统可实现流量的灵活调节, 并具备空间科学实验设备所要求的性能, 为未来在空间利用气体流量连续可调的质量流量控制计进行燃烧科学实验奠定了基础.      

Do drones have a realistic place in a pandemic fight for delivering medical supplies in healthcare systems problems?

The advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology in terms of industrial processes and communication and networking technologies has led to an increase in their use in civil, business, and social applications. Global rules in most countries had previously limited the use of drones to military applications due to their deployment in the open air, drones are likely to be lost, destroyed, or physically hijacked. However, more recently, the presence of COVID-19 has forced the world to present new implementing measures which will also widen the use of drones in civil and commercial and social applications, especially now in the delivery of medicines for medical home care. In the period of required public isolation as a consequence of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, this knowledge has become one of the principal partners in the fight against the coronavirus. This paper offers a summary of the medical drone manufacturing, with a specific emphasis on its approval by the pharmaceutical sector to solve logistical problems in healthcare during times of sensitive need. We also discuss the numerous challenges to be met in the integration of drones to save our lives and suggest future research directions. The question that arises for this problem, how to optimize delivery medical supplies times in-home health care made up of drones? We conducted a synthesis literature review devoted to the use of UAVs in healthcare with their different aspects. A total of different research made are given to describe the role of UAV in Home healthcare with the presence of SARS-COV-2. We conclude that the drones will be able to optimize the way of eliminating contamination with a very high percentage (through the reduction of human contact) with the increase of the flexibility of the flight (reaching the less accessible regions every hour of the day).     

Large eddy simulation based studies of jet–cavity interactions in a supersonic flow

Interactions of a cavity flameholder with an upstream injected jet in a Ma 2.52 supersonic flow are investigated numerically. A hybrid RANS/LES (Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes/Large Eddy Simulation) method acting as wall-modeled LES is adopted, for which the recycling/rescaling method is introduced to treat the unsteady turbulent inflow. Patterns of the fluid entrainment into the cavity and escape from the cavity are identified using a scalar-tracing method. It is found that the jet–cavity interactions remarkably enhanced the mass exchange between the fluids in and out of the cavity, resulting in reduced residence time of the cavity fluids. Increasing the distance between the fuel injection and the cavity leading edge tends to attenuate the jet–cavity interactions, leading to weaker mass exchange. Raising the injection pressure appears to enhance the jet–cavity interactions, resulting in a shorter residence time of the cavity fluids. Moreover, the mass decay processes for the fuel and air within the cavity are basically the same while the entrainment processes for the fuel and air into the cavity seem quite different.     

γ源辐射角度对光子高度计性能的影响分析

为了研究分析月球环境下γ光子高度计源辐射角度对其性能的影响,文章建立了月球着陆器简化模型,利用基于蒙特卡罗方法的粒子输运程序（MCNP）软件仿真计算了接收处理器捕获的光子计数随γ源辐射角度的变化规律。仿真结果表明：辐射角度小于一定值时,光子计数随着辐射角度的增大近似呈线性增长;当γ源辐射角度增大到一定值时,光子计数基本不再有变化。文章的分析方法和结果可以为合理确定γ光子高度计源辐射角度提供设计参考。     

某型飞机进气道地面涡畸变流动特性

以配装大涵道比涡扇发动机的某型运输机在未铺装跑道静止开车、滑行等实战使用环境为背景,建立了全尺寸三维仿真计算模型,通过数值仿真,分析研究了风速、风向以及滑跑速度对该型飞机进气道地面涡的流动特性及发动机进口畸变特性的影响。结果表明:该型运输机270°侧风条件下,随着风速的增加,地面涡强度呈现先增加后减小的规律,风速为2~4 m/s时强度最大,风速在6 m/s以上地面涡特性消失;风速为3m/s时,在风向为210°左右地面涡强度达到最大,外物吸入能力最高,其导致的进气道出口周向压力畸变最强。该型运输机滑行状态相对于其静止、逆风环境,地面涡的范围、强度均较小,对进气道出口流场品质也影响较弱。      

运输飞机非常态俯仰振荡分析

对某运输飞机在大襟翼偏度下的非常态俯仰振荡原因进行了分析。研究结果表明,该运输飞机在大襟翼偏度下飞行时因平尾受机翼的强下洗作用导致平尾下翼面发生局部分离,该分离未达到失速分离,从而引起飞机非常态的俯仰振荡。分离的主要原因是机身与平尾融合处抗流场逆压梯度能力下降,导致在大襟翼偏度飞行时出现局部分离,使得飞机出现纵向非常态俯仰振荡。该结论在风洞试验及该运输飞机试飞中得到验证。     

无轴螺旋式模拟月壤主动填充装置研制

针对月面综合钻进试验台模拟月壤利用率和试验效率低的问题,提出一种主动送土试验台的设计方案,满足月面钻采作业机具的取芯特性专项验证需求。该方案利用无轴螺旋作为模拟月壤传送的核心部件,采用集成料斗实现难流动物料连续送料的功能,通过无轴螺旋转动主动将模拟月壤垂直送入取芯机构,代替综合钻进试验台钻取月壤的作用,可以实现多种级配模拟月壤的定量和定压输送。为了验证设计参数的正确性,利用EDEM离散元分析模拟月壤输送特性,并开展了试验验证。结果表明：以无轴螺旋作为主动送土机构的核心单元,可实现主动送土试验台自主、高效率地进行模拟月壤输送模拟多种取芯工况,为工程部门钻采作业机具研制定型提供性能参数验证的依据。     

前缘射流对涡轮导叶吸力面多排气膜孔冷却特性的影响

为了研究前缘射流对吸力面多排气膜孔下游冷却特性的影响,在跨声速风洞中进行了实验并采用热电偶获得了气膜冷却效率和换热系数。叶栅进口雷诺数的范围为2.0×105 ~ 4.0×105,出口等熵马赫数为0.95,叶栅前的湍流度小于5%。前缘布置6排对冲圆柱孔,质量流量比的范围为2.00% ~ 3.71%,吸力面布置4排圆柱孔,质量流量比的范围为2.02% ~ 3.74%。实验结果表明：在没有前缘射流时,吸力面的气膜冷却效率随质量流量比增大先升高后下降,存在前缘射流时,质量流量比对气膜冷却效率的影响较小。对所有的工况而言,质量流量比增大都提高了吸力面的换热系数。相比于没有前缘射流的工况,前缘射流显著提高了吸力面孔排附近区域的气膜冷却效率并略微降低了换热系数;在吸力面后半段,前缘射流显著提高了换热系数而对气膜冷却效率影响较小。总的来说,前缘射流改善了吸力面孔排附近区域的冷却效果,但是恶化了吸力面后半段区域的冷却效果。     

自维持合成双射流对超声速燃烧室凹腔质量交换特性影响研究

为了改善燃烧室凹腔与主流的掺混性能,提出了一种利用凹腔内压力差形成自维持合成射流的流场控制方法,在超声速冷流条件下,采用动网格技术对激励器的膜片振动过程进行模拟,详细分析了自维持合成双射流与凹腔相互作用的过程,研究了激励器出口位置、参数、凹腔构型以及来流Ma数等参数的影响。结果表明:加入自维持合成双射流激励器可以大幅提升凹腔的质量交换特性,减小气体在凹腔内的驻留时间;且激励器出口位置分布对控制效果影响较大,当激励器出口位于凹腔底部中间位置时,质量交换率最大能够提升49%。此外,凹腔构型以及来流条件都会影响自维持合成双射流对凹腔掺混的控制效果,在相同来流条件下,凹腔长深比越大,控制效果越显著,自维持合成双射流能使长深比L/D=7.76的凹腔质量交换率提升115%;对于同一凹腔,随着来流马赫数增加,激励器对凹腔质量交换特性控制效果提升更为明显,但改变振动膜片的振幅和频率对控制效果的改善不明显。