固液捆绑火箭上升过程喷流干扰特性及底部热环境研究

固体喷流和液体喷流的来流与喷流之间相互干扰，在喷流交汇碰撞区域使流场温度、压力特性发生变化，对箭体底部的加热效应增强。特别是含有固体颗粒的固体助推器喷流与液体芯级喷流混合，对传热特性产生明显影响。本文用连续相模型模拟气相、离散相模型(DPM)模拟固体粒子相、DO模型模拟含有固体粒子的介质辐射，对固液捆绑火箭在上升飞行过程中的气固两相喷流的演变过程进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:在不同的发动机组合之间出现高温区域，并随着喷流扩张和飞行高度增加，高温区向箭体底部移动，喷流中小粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流与空气的边界混合层区域，大粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流交互中心区域，底部最大对流热流密度与辐射热流密度为90 kW/m²和400 kW/m²。将仿真实验结果与飞行试验数据进行了对比分析，发现两者吻合较好，验证了仿真结果的准确性。     

低温液体火箭燃烧室内射流雾化研究进展

从理论、实验和数值计算方面，阐述和总结了低温推进剂射流雾化的研究现状和进展。对射流雾化机理及形态进行了分类，重点从对比常温流体与低温流体射流雾化特征参数不同的角度，梳理了射流雾化方面的数值研究方法，并介绍了低温射流雾化的相关实验研究。结果表明:空气扰动破碎机理仍是最广为接受的理论，而超临界工况下射流雾化形态不符合现有的射流雾化分类；数值计算方法逐渐由流体体积法和水平集法向直接数值模拟转变，对闪蒸现象的建模是研究重难点之一；低温流体射流喷雾实验数据匮乏，需通过丰富测量手段，提高测量精度的途径获得完整、准确的实验数据。      

Experimental and numerical investigation on opposing plasma synthetic jet for drag reduction

Experimental and numerical studies are carried out to validate the potential of opposing Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) for drag reduction for a hemisphere. Firstly, flow field changes of opposing PSJ are analyzed by comparing the experimental schlieren images and simulation results in a supersonic free stream of Mach number 3. As PSJ is a kind of unsteady pulsed jet, the shock standoff distance increases initially and then decreases under the control of PSJ, which corresponds to the change of the strength of PSJ. Accordingly, the amount of drag reduction of the hemisphere increases initially and then decreases. It is found that there is a short period of “drag rise” during the formation of PSJ before the drag reduction, which is induced by the generation of normal shock waves and the area difference of the cavity wall of PSJ Actuator (PSJA). Secondly, the effects of five parameters, including exit diameter, discharge energy of PSJA, Mach number, static pressure of incoming flow and angle of attack, on drag reduction of opposing PSJ were studied in detail by using numerical method. It is found that the Maximum Pressure Ratio (MPR) has a significant impact on the average drag reduction for a configuration-determined PSJA. For the configuration selected in this study, the flow field of opposing PSJ shows typical Short Penetration Mode (SPM) in a control cycle of PSJ when the MPR is less than 0.89. However, the flow field shows typical Long Penetration Mode (LPM) at some time when the MPR is bigger than 0.89. Relatively better drag reduction is achieved in this case.     

喷口速度扰动下液体射流的频率响应

基于界面捕捉VOF(volume of fluid)方法和网格自适应技术，对圆射流初始破碎过程进行了直接数值模拟，揭示了不同扰动频率对圆射流表面形态和液丝、液滴结构的响应特性。研究结果表明：Rayleigh线性化色散理论可以很好地对当前射流表面波的失稳过程进行解释。当喷口扰动频率（66.6 kHz）小于理论临界值95.5 kHz时，射流会随着时空演化逐渐失稳，而当大于临界值时，表面波振幅会逐渐减弱并逐渐变成光滑状态。表面波不稳定状态下脱落液滴会撞击波节结构，在其表面留在冲击凹痕；随着波节振幅不断增大，液膜发生穿孔式破裂，进而形成大量脱落的液丝和液滴结构。适当频率的扰动可以减少射流头部的速度波动，从而减缓射流的雾化进程；射流表面波的破碎和液核头部的破碎过程共同决定了喷雾场SMD(Sauter mean diameter)的大小，且两者存在相互耦合。     

Lift enhancement based on virtual aerodynamic shape using a dual synthetic jet actuator

The Dual Synthetic Jet Actuator (DSJA) is used to develop a new type of lift enhancement device based on circulation control, and to control the flow over the two-dimensional (2D) NACA0015 airfoil. The lift enhancement device is composed of a DSJA and a rounded trailing edge (Coanda surface). The two outlets of the DSJA eject two jets (Jet 1 and Jet 2). Jet 1 ejects from the upper trailing edge, which increases the circulation of airfoil with the help of the Coanda surface. Jet 2 ejects from the lower trailing edge, which acts as a virtual flap. The Reynolds number based on the airfoil chord length and free flow velocity is 250000. The results indicate that the circulation control method based on Dual Synthetic Jet (DSJ) has good performance in lift enhancement, whose control effect is closely related to momentum coefficient and reduced frequency. With the increase of the reduced frequency, the control effect of the lift enhancement is slightly reduced. As the momentum coefficient increases, the control effect becomes better. When the angle of attack is greater than 4°, the increments of lift coefficients under the control of DSJ are larger than those under the control of the steady blowing at a same momentum coefficient. The maximum lift augmentation efficiency can reach 47 when the momentum coefficient is 0.02, which is higher than the value in the case with steady blowing jet circulation control.     

加工装配误差影响下偏转射流压力伺服阀静态特性分析

电液压力伺服阀是电液压力伺服控制系统的核心控制元件，广泛应用于航空、航天、军事等领域。区别于流量伺服阀，压力伺服阀在滑阀放大器的设计上多采用带有压力控制容腔的三通阀结构，不同的滑阀结构使得现有的偏转射流流量伺服阀仿真模型难以满足压力伺服阀性能预测的需求。本文基于AMESim平台建立了偏转射流压力伺服阀的仿真模型，并通过实验对仿真模型进行了验证，验证结果表明仿真模型能够准确地描述压力伺服阀的静态特性。最后，通过仿真模型分析了加工装配误差影响下压力伺服阀输出性能差异，仿真结果可为偏转射流压力伺服阀的性能预测和结构设计提供参考。     

A novel adaptive lateral reentry guidance algorithm with complex distributed no-fly zones constraints

Aimed at complex distributed no-fly zones avoidance problems, a novel adaptive lateral reentry guidance algorithm is proposed. Firstly, by introducing the improved attractive and repulsive potential fields, an improved artificial potential field method is developed. Combined with the proposed judgment criterion for whether a no-fly zone has been avoided, the proposed improved artificial potential field method effectively solves the reference heading angle determination problem under the constrai...     

Pressure performance for a thin-walled ring and turbulent-jet orifice modeled elastic squeeze film damper

This paper explores an analytical model for Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Damper (ERSFD) with thin-walled ring and turbulent-jet orifices, and uncovers its Oil Film Pressure Performance (OFPP). Firstly, the ring deformation is addressed by using the Fourier series expansion approach and the orifice outflow rate is characterized with the Prandtl boundary layer theory. Secondly, applying finite difference scheme, the influence of elastic ring flexibility, orifice diameter, and attitude angle on the OFPP is analyzed. Finally, Outer chamber pressure was measured experimentally at different rotor speeds. The results indicate that the outer chamber pressure coats an individual load-carrying region and spreads symmetrically pertaining to the attitude angle. Its amplitude drops as the elastic ring flexibility decreases but boosts with the reduction of the orifice diameter. For inner chamber pressure, the orifice diameter effects a similar trend to the outer cavity, but exhibits more stable distribution regarding the attitude angle. Minimizing the elastic ring flexibility causes an increase in amplitude. The model is validated by the test results giving that the outer chamber pressure shifts synchronously and periodically with the variation of the attitude angle, while the pressure amplitude increases slightly at higher rotor speeds.     

Improving performance of macro electrolyte jet machining of TC4 titanium alloy: Experimental and numerical studies

Electrolyte jet machining (EJM) is a promising method for shaping titanium alloys due to its lack of tool wear, thermal and residual stress, and cracks and burrs. Recently, macro-EJM has attracted increasing attention for its high efficiency in machining wide grooves or planes. However, macro-EJM generates large amounts of electrolytic products, thereby increasing the difficulty of rapid product removal with a standard tool and reducing the surface quality. Therefore, for enhanced product transport, a novel tool with a back inclined end face was proposed for macro-EJM of TC4 titanium alloy. For comparison, also proposed were ones with a standard flat end face, a front inclined end face, and both front and back inclined end faces. The flow field distributions of all proposed tools were simulated numerically, and experiments were also conducted to validate the simulation results. The results show that one with a 5° back inclined end face can decrease the low-velocity flow zone in the machining area and increase the high-velocity flow zone at the back end of tool, thereby promoting rapid product removal. A relatively smooth bright-white groove surface was obtained. The same tool also resulted in the highest machining depth and material removal rate among the tested ones. In addition, rapid product removal was beneficial to the subsequent processing. Because of its rapid product removal, the machining depth and material removal rate during deep groove machining using the tool with a 5° back inclined end face were respectively 7% and 14% higher than those produced using a standard one. Moreover, the lowest bottom height difference of 0.027 mm can be obtained when the step-over value was 8.2 mm, and a plane with a depth of 0.285 mm and a bottom height difference of 0.03 mm was fabricated using the tool with a 5° back inclined end face.     

Effects of surface topography and specimen thickness on high-speed raindrop impact damage of CFRP laminates

Raindrop impact erosion has been observed since early days of aviation, and can be catastrophic for exposed materials during supersonic flight. A single impact waterjet apparatus is established for mimicking drop impacts at the velocities between 350 m/s and 620 m/s. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP) laminates with three different surface morphologies and specimen thicknesses are tested here. A central region with no visible damage has been noticed, surrounded by a “failure ring” with common...