基于GO法的Nd：YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性分析

本文报道了基于GO（Goad Oriented）法的Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性分析，建立了Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器的GO图模型，定性分析了Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器的薄弱环节，定量计算了激光头中各薄弱环节的可靠性结果，包括等效故障率λ_R、等效维修率μ_R、平均无故障工作时间（MTBF）等；并定量计算了KTP晶体故障率的改善对Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性提高的影响。本文中建立的GO图模型可为Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光的优化及可靠性评价提供理论依据。     

基于数字多波束星载多通道VDES设计

阐述了甚高频数据交换系统(VDES)系统产生背景,针对目前普遍存在的系统通信速率受限以及自动识别系统(AIS)时隙冲突问题,提出一种全双工射频通信频段设计方法和时隙冲突解决途径。通过采用多个射频通道以及多个波束合成,利用阵列天线和数字波束合成(DBF)技术,将卫星大覆盖范围划分为多个相互独立区域,缩小单个天线波束视场覆盖范围,减少单波束范围内船舶数量,能有效降低AIS信号时隙冲突。以600 km卫星轨道为例,介绍了8通道及8个波束DBF设计方法,对波束视场和天线增益等进行了仿真计算。结果表明:多波束可覆盖±42°视场角范围,单波束视场角最大为±14°。     

空间激光通信调制技术的研究进展

空间激光通信系统具有传输速率高、体积小、质量轻、功耗低等特点，适用于卫星高速数据传输。激光通信调制技术作为空间激光通信系统的一项关键技术，是影响系统通信性能的主要因素之一。首先，介绍空间激光通信调制技术的原理及其分类，并对其优缺点做比较分析，再对激光调制的关键技术进行阐述；然后，从发展阶段与应用环境角度对国内外已报道的空间激光通信调制技术研究进展进行总结；最后，对空间激光通信调制技术的发展趋势进行展望。     

激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金的焊接性能

为了探索激光熔化沉积快速成形技术制备TC4钛合金的焊接性能,分别采用电子束焊、激光焊两种方法制备接头试样,并借助金相、硬度试验等方法获得接头力学性能、显微组织及硬度。结果表明:两种焊接方法得到的接头抗拉强度最高达953 MPa,焊接系数均0.9;激光和电子束焊接焊缝为网篮状α'相马氏体组织,热影响区为α相和针状马氏体组织组成。激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金和传统工艺制造的TC4钛合金在焊接特性方面表现相当。     

GH3625合金激光直接成形工艺

为了研究工艺参数对金属激光直接成形零件质量的影响,通过正交试验的方法对单道单层GH3625合金激光直接成形工艺进行了研究,主要探究了激光功率、扫描速度、送粉速度等参数对单道单层成形截面宽度和高度的影响规律,提出预测模型并做了验证。结果表明,在单道单层成形中,激光功率、送粉速度、扫描速度等工艺参数对单道宽度和高度具有不同程度的影响,其中,对于单道成形宽度和高度来讲,扫描速度对其影响最为明显。试验验证结果表明借助Minitab软件得到的线性回归模型是有效的。     

Non-isothermal creep age forming of Al-Cu-Li alloy: Experiment and modelling

Non-isothermal Creep Age Forming (CAF), including loading, heating, holding, cooling and springback stages, is an advanced forming technique for manufacturing high performance large integral panels at short production period and low cost. However, the creep deformation and aging precipitation during heating stage is often neglected in experiments and modeling, leading to low forming precision. To achieve shape forming and property tailoring simultaneously, a deep understanding of the non-isothermal creep aging behavior and the establishment of predictive models are urgently required. A new five-stage creep feature of Al-Cu-Li alloy during the non-isothermal creep aging is observed. The microstructural interactions between the dislocations, solute atoms, Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) and T₁ precipitates are found to dominate the five-stage creep aging behavior. The physical-based model considering temperature evolution history is established to describe the five-stage creep feature. The springback and yield strength of non-isothermal creep age formed plates with different thicknesses are predicted and compared by non-isothermal CAF experiments and corresponding simulations. The CAF experiments show that the springback and yield strength of the non-isothermal creep age formed plate are 62.1% and 506 MPa, respectively. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results. The proposed model broadens the application of traditional CAF models that mainly focus on isothermal conditions.     

Time resolved study of laser triggered electric discharge spark in atmosphere: Machine learning approach

In this paper we analyze the possibilities of using machine learning algorithms for analysis of optical spectra of electric discharge spark in atmosphere. Breakdown in air can be initiated by intense laser pulse, making plasma which has a significant electrical conductivity. The formed plasma can be further maintained by electric current obtained from capacitor discharge. In such a case the capacitor voltage can be much lower than the striking voltage (the voltage needed to initiate the electric breakdown in air). Present setup has timing precision and low jitter of fast laser and arbitrary high energies corresponding to capacitance and voltage to which the capacitor is charged. We have used a streak camera equipped with a spectrograph to analyze optical emission of plasma obtained in this way. Q-switched Nd:Yag laser was used to achieve the initial breakdown in air. Machine learning methods were used in order to classify optical spectra of plasmas with different electron temperatures obtained with different excitation energies. We have shown that, instead of using the usual way of identifying the spectral peaks and calculating their intensity ratio, it is possible to train the computer software to recognize the spectra corresponding to different electron temperatures. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of problem. We present possibilities of plasma electron temperature estimation based on several clustering algorithms.     

铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形工艺

针对铝锂合金室温成形性差和热成形性能弱化的难题,利用发现的超低温下伸长率与硬化指数同时提高的双增效应,提出铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形新工艺。通过2195铝锂合金板材在不同温度和热处理状态下的超低温变形行为研究,确定发生双增效应的临界温度为低于-140℃,伸长率可提高至40%以上、硬化指数达到0.44;利用建立的超低温成形工艺实验装置,首次试制出直径200 mm的2195铝锂合金球底曲面件,深径比达到0.55、成形极限提高104%;阐明超低温成形试件壁厚分布规律与回弹规律,最大减薄率为10.3%。     

基于惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合的高空场景尺度误差估计方法

惯性/视觉感知信息融合导航定位技术是目前实现无人机不依赖卫星自主导航的最有效手段。但对于面向高空场景的大型无人机，惯性器件误差与视觉里程计尺度误差耦合且特征平面化导致可观测性下降。针对这一问题，提出了利用惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合实现尺度误差估计的方法。通过开展误差模型建立、激光测量点与图像中位置匹配、无人机平飞机动下系统可观测性分析等关键技术研究，实现了高空场景下尺度误差的精确估计。经过300m高度机载试验数据验证，算法精度优于1.5%D，对卫星拒止条件下高空无人机自主导航具有重要意义。     

钛合金超塑性成形过程的数值模拟

以TC4合金层板结构的超塑性成形过程为研究对象,采用有限元软件MARC模拟计算了TC4合金宽弦空心夹芯结构的超塑性成形过程。分别分析了应变速率敏感指数、目标应变速率及扩散连接宽度等参数对贴模过程及壁板厚度分布的影响。结果表明:当应变速率敏感指数较大时,夹芯结构会发生沿纵向挤出延伸变形;当目标应变速率为10-3时,材料表现出较佳的超塑性性能;而扩散连接宽度的大小对超塑性成形后板材壁厚分布的均匀性有一定影响。通过控制最大应变速率的方法,提取出了最优化的压力时间曲线。研究结论可为钛合金空心夹芯结构件的超塑性成形提供理论参考。