Predicting near-wall turbulence with minimal flow units in compressible turbulent channel flows

Mach number effects on the near-wall turbulence in the absence of outer motions remain unclear so far. The present study extends the Minimal Flow Units (MFUs), a widely applied method to investigate near-wall turbulence free from the impact of large-scale motions in the outer region in incompressible channel flows, to compressible wall-bounded turbulence. The compressible near-wall turbulence in MFU proves accurate in replicating near-wall statistics, independent of Mach number and statistically equivalent to the universal signals extracted from the full-sized channel. It is further utilized as universal signals in the predictive models of compressible near-wall turbulence, which is capable of accurately predicting variances and joint probability density functions of velocity and temperature fluctuations.     

Oblique shock train motion based on schlieren image processing

In this paper, shock train motion in a Mach number 2.7 duct is studied experimentally, and large numbers of schlieren images are obtained by a high-speed camera. An image processing method based on Maximum Correlation Detection (MCD) is proposed to detect shock train motion from the schlieren images, based on which the key structures, e.g., separation positions and separation shock angles on the top and bottom walls, can be analysed in detail. The oscillations of the shock train are generated by rhombus and ellipse shafts at various excitation frequencies. According to the analysis of MCD results, the distributions of the frequency components of shock train oscillation generated by the two shafts are distinctly different, in which the motion generated by the ellipse shaft is much smoother; shock train motion is mainly characterized by the oscillation of separation position while the separation shock strength is not so sensitive to downstream disturbance; there is a hysteresis loop relation between the downstream pressure and separation position.     

Experimental study of hysteresis and catastrophe in a cavity-based scramjet combustor

Hystereses and catastrophes were experimentally investigated in a cavity-based scramjet combustor. The inflow Mach number was 3.0. Fuel Equivalence Ratio (ER) was continuously regulated with multi-steps to explore influences of historical regulation directions on combustion states. Two divided hysteresis loops with catastrophes were observed. By 1-D flow estimations, the first loop occurred with shock-free/separated scramjet mode transitions, while the second kept in the separated scramjet mode. This breaks through the traditional knowledge that hysteresis and catastrophe were certainly related to ramjet/scramjet mode transitions. The first hysteresis and catastrophes were attributed to flame stabilization mode transitions between the cavity shear-layer stabilized and the jet-wake stabilized, with flow separation establishment/vanishment upstream the cavities. The obvious variations of flame and shock/separation structures meant large wall-pressure changes in the expansive duct, and generated obvious thrust catastrophes. Besides, transition ER and catastrophe were larger in historical ER-increasing path because combustion efficiency became obviously larger as flow separation established. Difference of critical transition ERs meant the first hysteresis. The second hysteresis and catastrophes in the jet-wake stabilized mode were attributed to flame/shock interaction mode transitions between the flame/shock weak interaction mode and intensive interaction mode. Each transition caused slightly stronger/weaker flame interacting with slightly larger/smaller flow separation, which meant small wall-pressure changes in the expansive duct, and thus thrust catastrophe was unobvious. Hysteresis occurred as the critical transition ER was slightly higher in historical ER-increasing path because of slightly lower combustion efficiency under slightly smaller separation.     

下一代空间激光骨干网络全光处理技术

构建以高速激光链路为传输主体的空间激光骨干网络，是保障空间数据高速传输、提升信息共享率与时效性、实现信息服务网络全球覆盖的重要技术手段。空间数据容量的快速增加要求网络节点处数据处理带宽与之相适应且具备一定扩展性和兼容性。由于空间激光骨干网络节点较少、数据快速传输的特点，围绕我国下一代空间激光骨干网络节点处高带宽、低延迟的数据处理需求，基于交叉相位调制XPM和四波混频FWM两种光学三阶非线性效应分析并讨论了骨干节点处高速激光链路的交换/组播、制式转换及中继/再生全光数据处理技术，为我国下一代空间信息网络建设及高速激光链路的全面应用提供支撑。     

CFD/CSD方法分析动力效应对民机气动特性影响

基于Reynolds average Navier-Stockes(RANS)的三维Navier-Stokes流场控制方程耦合结构静力学方程时域分析方法，研究了带有发动机的民用飞机其动力效应对全机气动性能的影响。首先采用数值方法对发动机进排气边界条件进行了模拟，分析了带动力的涡扇发动机模型的流场，并将计算结果与实验进行比较，验证边界条件处理的准确性；以此为基础，考虑结构弹性变形，采用计算流体动力学/计算结构动力学(CFD/CSD)耦合的方法，分别对通气和带动力的翼吊发动机全机的气动性能进行了研究。结果表明:基于通气构型预测的升阻力系数，气动载荷和压心位置与考虑动力效应后的计算结果存在明显不同。弹性变形又会加剧这一差异，使得全机的升阻比下降约12.6%，升力系数下降约8.9%,压心位置后移。数值算例显示，在靠近发动机区域气动载荷受动力效应影响显著，远离该区域，弹性变形效应占主要影响因素，因此在进行带动力效应的民机气动性能分析时，考虑弹性变形的影响是十分必要的。      

On the time lag between solar wind dynamic parameters and solar activity UV proxies

The solar activity displays variability and periodic behaviours over a wide range of timescales, with the presence of a most prominent cycle with a mean length of 11 years. Such variability is transported within the heliosphere by solar wind, radiation and other processes, affecting the properties of the interplanetary medium. The presence of solar activity–related periodicities is well visible in different solar wind and geomagnetic indices, although their time lags with respect to the solar cycle lead to hysteresis cycles. Here, we investigate the time lag behaviour between a physical proxy of the solar activity, the Ca II K index, and two solar wind parameters (speed and dynamic pressure), studying how their pairwise relative lags vary over almost five solar cycles. We find that the lag between Ca II K index and solar wind speed is not constant over the whole time interval investigated, with values ranging from 6 years to $～$1 year (average 3.2 years). A similar behaviour is found also for the solar wind dynamic pressure. Then, by using a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis we obtain a 10.21-year mean periodicity for the speed and 10.30-year for the dynamic pressure. We speculate that the different periodicities of the solar wind parameters with respect to the solar 11-year cycle may be related to the overall observed temporal evolution of the time lags. Finally, by accounting for them, we obtain empirical relations that link the amplitude of the Ca II K index to the two solar wind parameters.     

加工装配误差影响下偏转射流压力伺服阀静态特性分析

电液压力伺服阀是电液压力伺服控制系统的核心控制元件，广泛应用于航空、航天、军事等领域。区别于流量伺服阀，压力伺服阀在滑阀放大器的设计上多采用带有压力控制容腔的三通阀结构，不同的滑阀结构使得现有的偏转射流流量伺服阀仿真模型难以满足压力伺服阀性能预测的需求。本文基于AMESim平台建立了偏转射流压力伺服阀的仿真模型，并通过实验对仿真模型进行了验证，验证结果表明仿真模型能够准确地描述压力伺服阀的静态特性。最后，通过仿真模型分析了加工装配误差影响下压力伺服阀输出性能差异，仿真结果可为偏转射流压力伺服阀的性能预测和结构设计提供参考。