一种基于时间梳技术的高频正弦信号相位差测量方法

本文研究了一种基于时间梳原理的高频正弦信号相位差测量方法,给出了时间梳原理的数学模型,并详细分析了其特点,并将此原理首次应用于高频信号的数据采集中,可以用低频和被测信号构建一种高频等效采样技术,可以在不满足乃奎斯特采样定理下,对被测两路正弦信号进行同步采样,避免了高频信号采样的高采样率,结合多重互相关技术,实现了对高频正弦信号的相位差的高精度测量,实验结果表明本文算法对高频信号对高频正弦信号的相位差测量具有很高的测量精度,尤其在低信噪比下也有较高的测量精度,具有较高的工程实用价值。     

ZnO/SBA-15无机热控涂层填料及涂层性能

开展高紫外-可见-近红外反射能力热控填料的制备,研制新型低吸收比(α_S)高发射率(ε_H)无机热控涂层。以自制SBA-15和ZnO前驱体为原料通过溶剂热浸渍和高温煅烧法制备ZnO/SBA-15填料,然后与硅酸钾(K_2SiO_3)制备无机热控涂层;采用SAXD、XRD、SEM、太阳反射光谱分析填料和涂层的性能。结果显示采用硝酸锌作为前驱体、m(ZnO)∶m(SBA-15)=3∶7、950℃下烧结3 h可以得到高紫外-可见-近红外反射能力的填料;ZnO/SBA-15/K_2SiO_3无机涂层的α_S为0.09,ε_H为0.91,涂层结合力等级为1级,经过100次-196～100℃热循环实验后,涂层无脱落和开裂现象。SBA-15改性ZnO可以获得具有高紫外反射率和低α_S的热控填料,ZnO/SBA-15填料制备的无机热控涂层同样具备高紫外反射率、低α_S和高ε_H,可以满足航天器高效散热的需求,应用前景良好。     

Time delay compensation in lateral-directional flight control systems at high angles of attack

The previous studies of time delay compensation in flight control systems are all based on the conventional aerodynamic derivative model and conducted in longitudinal motions at low angles of attack. In this investigation, the effects of time delay on the lateral-directional stability augmentation system in high-α regime are discussed based on the $\dot{\beta }$ model, which is proposed in our previous work and proved as a more accurate aerodynamic model to reveal the lateral-directional unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack. Both the $\dot{\beta }$ model and the quasi-steady model are used for simulating the effects of time delay on the flying qualities in high-α maneuvers. The comparison between the simulation results shows that the flying qualities are much more sensitive to the mismatch of feedback gains than the state errors caused by time delay. Then a typical adaptive controller based on the conventional dynamic derivative model and a gain-prediction compensator based on $\dot{\beta }$ model are designed to address the time delay in different maneuvers. The simulation results show that the gain-prediction compensator is much simpler and more efficient at high angles of attack. Finally, the gain-prediction compensator is combined with a linearized $\dot{\beta }$ model reference adaptive controller to compensate the adverse effects of very large time delay, which exhibits excellent performance when addressing the extreme conditions at high angles of attack.     

高精度高动态星模拟器研究

给出了高精度高动态星模拟器系统组成和总体结构, 提出一种基于亚像素显示技术提高动态星模拟器星点位置显示精度从而减小星点几何中心与能量中心位置偏差的新方法. 针对动态星模拟器高动态性要求, 提出一种快速精确检索全天球导航星的新方法, 将已知SAO (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory) 星表进行分区, 计算当前姿态四元数并分析航天器视轴所在区域, 对于距离视轴较远区域停止搜索和匹配, 很大程度上缩小了导航星搜索范围, 进而缩短了全天球恒星遍历所需时间. 软件测试结果表明, 此快速检索法可使全天球导航星的选取速度提高近10倍.      

辐射带高能电子通量波动与地磁暴警报

地球磁场捕获带电粒子形成辐射带,地磁场的扰动将导致带电粒子通量的变化.根据磁暴期间外辐射带高能电子通量起伏和波动的特点及规律,利用GOES卫星实时发布的5min分辨率高能电子微分通量数据,构建了高能电子通量波动指数,并分析了该指数与地磁活动的关系.结果表明,所提出的高能电子通量波动指数与地磁事件有很好的相关性,能起到地磁暴发生的指示剂作用,相对于目前空间环境业务化预报过程中广泛使用的3hKp指数,高能电子通量波动指数能更早地警报地磁暴的发生,是潜在有效的地磁暴警报辅助手段,能为空间环境预报中的地磁暴实时警报提供重要参考.      

一种融合MRF分割与数学形态学的道路提取算法

针对高分辨率合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR）图像中道路目标难以有效提取的问题,提出一种融合马尔可夫随机场（Markov Random Field, MRF）分割与数学形态学处理的高分辨率SAR图像道路提取算法。该算法首先利用直方图均衡化和增强Lee滤波对SAR图像进行预处理,实现道路的边缘增强,抑制相干斑噪声;进而利用基于条件迭代模式（Iterated Conditional Mode, ICM）的MRF对SAR图像中的道路目标进行初分割;再用数学形态学填充空洞,平滑道路边缘;最后,基于道路的几何特征,使用偏心率、矩阵度、复杂度等因子去除虚警,从而提取出道路目标。利用该文算法对两块实际高分辨率SAR图像进行道路目标提取,均可以取得90%以上的正确道路提取率,表明本文算法具有较高的道路提取精度。     

Laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling of high aspect ratio microgroove on WC-Co cemented carbide

Severe tool wear and poor surface quality are the main problems during micro machining of cemented carbide. In this work, an innovative hybrid process of laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling (LOMM) was proposed to solve the problems. A nanosecond laser was utilized to induce oxidation of the WC-20%Co material, producing loose oxide which was easy to remove. The micro machinability of the material was improved by laser-induced oxidation. The oxidation mechanisms of cemented carbide were studied. A microgroove with a depth of 2.5 mm and aspect ratio of 5 was fabricated successfully. The milling force, surface quality and tool wear mechanisms were investigated. For comparison, a microgroove was also fabricated with conventional micro milling (COMM) using identical milling parameters. Results revealed that in LOMM the milling force and tool wear rate were extremely low during removing the oxide. The machined surface quality and dimensional accuracy achieved by LOMM were superior to those obtained by COMM. The surface roughness S_a of the microgroove bottom reached 88 nm in LOMM, while the cross-sectional geometry of the microgroove was a trapezoid. Perpendicularity of the microgroove sidewall machined by LOMM was better than that by COMM. The tool wear forms in LOMM were coating spalling and slight tool nose breakage. Compared with COMM, the tool life in LOMM was prolonged significantly. It indicates that the proposed hybrid process is an effective and efficient way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro-features with high dimensional accuracy.     

磁悬浮飞轮用新型异极性永磁偏置径向磁轴承

为满足应用于航天器姿控、储能的磁悬浮飞轮采用的扁平构型或高转速转子需求,提出了一种新型异极性永磁偏置径向磁轴承,具有轴向长度短、结构紧凑的优点,有利于扁平转子或高速转子的磁悬浮控制。在新型径向磁轴承磁路分析的基础上,通过应用于50 Nms反作用飞轮的设计实例,经仿真分析,校验了新型径向磁轴承的基本性能;并与传统同极性永磁偏置径向磁轴承进行了比较,验证了新型径向磁轴承的优点。     

提高DCPR接收系统信噪比和抗干扰能力的方案

文章介绍了风云二号卫星地面应用系统工程高速数据收集平台报告信号（ DCPR）接收系统在北京气象站系统预交付联试中表现的天线频繁跟踪以及经过接收变频后的90.9MHz中频信号信噪比测试结果较差问题排查过程和有效的解决方案。问题排查过程主要针对DCPR接收系统射频接收机多个关键检测点进行测试,从测试结果和系统链路组成分析问题原因,并制定了四个具有针对性解决方案,主要是：DCPR接收系统射频接收机自带5MHz锁相晶体振荡器、加强手机信号干扰抑制、降低变频前链路增益、增加变频后链路增益以满足系统使用要求。最终将以上解决方案应用到风云二号卫星地面应用系统工程高速数据收集平台报告信号（ DCPR）接收系统中,问题得到了很好解决。     

减小导弹超声速大攻角斜吹力矩的边条布局及其原理分析

针对正常式布局导弹外形,在保证其它气动性能不变的情况下,提出了一种减小超声速大攻角情况下斜吹力矩的边条布局,使该类导弹在大攻角下实现极高机动能力成为可能。以计算流体力学为主要手段,分析了此种边条布局减小斜吹力矩的作用原理,即边条对翼面局部流场的干扰影响了翼面压力的分布与大小,从而使得翼面的滚动力矩降低。