Special Technologies Related to Electron Beam Welding

In order to improve the manufacturing quality of electron beam welding,some technologies are developed by using the special features of electron beam.Comparing with the conventional electron beam welding,the usage of multi-beam technology and micro-beam technology are introduced.In addition.the development of beam diagnostic system is also presented.     

"流行书风"的内在特征与形成原因

"流行书风"的形成与当时书法艺术家主体的完全独立、书法理论界的思想解放、创作主体对创作的个性化与原创性追求,以及以国家级的展览为代表的展厅文化的推波助澜息惠相关.只要其"根植传统、张扬个性"的宗旨不变,在当前乃至今后一个较长的时期,它将一如既往地继续"流行".     

融合背景图像信息和多特征压缩的相关滤波跟踪算法

针对相关滤波类跟踪算法目标背景图像信息利用率较低、目标特征表达能力较弱的问题，提出了一种融合背景图像信息的多特征压缩跟踪算法。首先，在上下文感知滤波器的基础上，将背景图像信息加入位置滤波器。其次，提取颜色名(Color Name, CN)特征与梯度直方图(Histogram of Oriented Gradient, HOG)特征，使用最大响应因子及平均峰相关能量(Average Peak-to-Correlation Energy, APCE)评估跟踪结果的可信度，实现两种特征的自适应融合。最后，利用特征降维简化模型的复杂度，实现算法运行速度的提升。实验结果表明，改进后的算法在遮挡、形变、尺度变化等复杂环境下均具有较高的鲁棒性，其跟踪精度和成功率指标均优于DSST及其他主流的跟踪算法，并且仍保持了实时性。     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

A new approach on necking constitutive relationships of ductile materials at elevated temperatures

A new method is presented to determine the full-range, uniaxial constitutive relationship of materials by tensile tests on funnel specimens with small curvature radius and finite element anal-ysis (FEA). An iteration method using FEA APDL (ANSYS parametric design language) program-ming has been developed to approach the necking constitutive relationship of materials. Test results from SAE 304 stainless steel at room temperature show that simulated load vs displacement curve, diameter at funnel root vs displacement curve, and funnel deformation contours are close to mod-eled results. Due to this new method, full-range constitutive relationships and true stress and effec-tive true strain at failure are found for 316L stainless steel, TA17 titanium alloy and A508-III stainless steel at room temperature, and 316L stainless steel at various elevated temperatures.     

量化选取应变电桥在载荷校准中的应用

在载荷校准中,应变电桥的选择直接影响载荷测量的精度。以起落架单向加载工况下的电桥为研究对象,用数学公式来量化表示电桥的线性度、响应系数和单向性等基本特性,并根据其特性筛选电桥,然后用所选电桥建立载荷方程。结果表明该方法具有效率高、质量高、精度高等优点,同时也实现了载荷方程的自动化计算。     

论裂纹扩展J积分阻力曲线变化规律的影响因素

本文对大塑性变形条件下，裂纹稳定扩展过程的J积分阻力曲线变化规律进行了全面的分析。给出了不同约束条件下dJ／da与试样的载荷因子L、裂纹尖端张开角CTOA及裂纹扩展时的瞬时旋转中心的系数r之间的理论表达式。从而论证了不同约束条件下，试样的几何尺寸因素对其J阻力曲线变化趋势的影响规律。     

国外对华反倾销的新特点与对策分析

我国遭受外国反倾销指控与改革开放进程相伴而生。入世后，中国与世界各国的经济联系日益紧密，WTO其他成员国原有的对华歧视性政策，如数量限制等，将逐步取消。成员国为了保护本国产业利益，必然会更倾向于利用反倾销等措施来限制我国产品的进入。在分析了对华反倾销控诉的新特点的基础上，提出了应对措施：建立一个集监测与预防、应对与反击于一体的反倾销机制，以便更好的维护我国的外贸秩序，推动我国经济发展。     

结构可靠性定寿模型及其在航空动力结构中的应用

本文以安全寿命定寿，以损伤容限保障安全，发展了结构可靠性定寿模型，给出了确定结构首翻期和检修周期公式；还给出了该模型应用于航空发动机动力构件疲劳定寿的实例     

时效工艺对高强度Al-Cu-Li合金断裂韧性的影响

采用Kahn撕裂法测试了高强度Al-Cu-Li合金2090在不同时效制度下的断裂韧性及其变化规律,并借助TEM和SEM对相应微观组织形貌及断口形貌进行了观察。结果表明:双级时效和应变时效均可促进T_1相析出,改善合金的断裂韧性,但这种促进作用在过时效状态下减弱;晶界PFZ的宽化和粗大晶界平衡相的析出降低合金的断裂韧性,并对时效工艺、微观组织及断裂韧性之间的关系进行了讨论。