纳米CeO2/Galfan复合材料的制备工艺

在不同介质中分别用球磨和超声振动对纳米C eO2颗粒进行了预处理;用搅熔铸造工艺制备了质量分数约为1%的纳米C eO2/G a lfan复合材料,用XRD(X-ray d iffration)分析了其中的物相,用场发射扫描电镜(F ie ldem iss ion scann ing e lectron m icroscopy,FE-SEM)观察了纳米C eO2颗粒在基体中的分散情况,并测试了其显微硬度;用中性盐雾腐蚀试验来评价复合材料的耐蚀性,并用XRD检测了腐蚀产物。结果表明,经超声预处理的颗粒与熔体具有较好的润湿性,能单粒分散其中,且制备的复合材料的显微硬度值提高了近一倍。     

流动显示的现状和发展

本文以第四届国际流动显示会议为主要内容,结合其它资料介绍流动显示的现状和发展。     

直流电阻仪器自动检测系统

介绍了直流电阻仪器自动检测系统的组成、测量原理和检定方法以及系统实现的功能和特点 ,并进行了测量不确定度评定     

大型航天器舱内流动与传热传质集成分析

在低流速、常温、层流假定下，利用数值模拟方法，实现了大型航天器返回舱、轨道舱内流动与传热传质分析．模拟结果表明，冷凝干燥组件、净化通风组件、风扇、热控风机和其他仪器设备对航天器舱内空气流动具有不同的影响；通过分析空气流场对舱内温度、空气湿度、二氧化碳浓度的影响，探讨了评价流场的质量和能量输运作用；从总体角度提出，通过一定的布局，设计出具有环流的全局流场的同时，具有流动与扩散相协调的局部流场，建立了统一流场的设计新思路．     

多机并联火箭羽流流场及其底部热环境分析

For the problem that the plume flow field structure of a multi engine parallel rocket is complicated and the bottom thermal environment is extremely harsh, which may cause the failure of the engine structural components, the plume flow field and thermal environment at different altitudes are studied through numerical simulation. The result is compared with the measured results in flight which shows that when the rocket is flying at a low altitude, the plume of the engines do not interfere with each other. As the flight altitude increases, the plumes gradually expand and begin to interfere with each other, and finally there is an obvious backflow at the bottom of the rocket. The maximum heat flux at the moment of take off is basically the same as the measured value in flight. Before the backflow occurs, the heat flux mainly consists of radiant heat, the convective heat flow increases as the flight altitude grows, but it is also much smaller than the peak heat flow at takeoff. The result has certain guiding significance for the optimal design of engine structure thermal protection.     

Electrochemical trepanning with uniform electrolyte flow around the entire blade profile

In the traditional machining process for diffusers, blades are easily deformed, and methods suffer from high tool wear and low efficiency. Electrochemical machining(ECM) possesses unique advantages when applied to these difficult-to-machine materials. In the ECM process, theflow field plays a crucial role. Here, an electrolyte flow mode that supplies uniform flow around the entire blade profile was adopted for electrochemical trepanning of diffusers. Various flow rates were employed to obtain the optimal flow field. Simulations were conducted using ANSYS software, and results indicated that increasing the flow rate substantially afforded a more uniform flowfield. A series of experiments was then performed, and results revealed that increasing the flow rate greatly improved both the machining efficiency and the surface quality of the diffusers. The maximum feeding rate of the cathode reached 4 mm/min, the blade taper of the concave part decreased to 0.02, and the blade roughness was reduced to 1.216 lm. The results of this study demonstrated the high feasibility of this method and its potential for machining other complex components for engineering applications.     

跨介质航行器波浪环境入水流场演变和运动特性研究

跨介质航行器是一种既可以在空中飞行又可以在水下潜航的新概念航行器,基于仿生学原理,提出一种通过改变外形实现水空介质跨越的航行器模型,通过入水试验装置和计算流体动力学方法,对航行器带攻角从空气到水的介质跨越过程进行了试验和数值仿真研究,得到了跨介质入水过程航行器的运动姿态和入水空泡形态,并通过数值仿真得到了航行器的升力、阻力、速度和加速度演化规律。同时基于数值模拟方法对有波浪情况和静水情况下航行器入水过程空泡演变以及运动特性进行对比。结果表明:提出的航行器构型在水中具有较好的姿态调整能力,波浪的有无和波高的不同都会对航行体入水运动特性造成影响。     

含边缘裂纹铝合金厚板的复合材料双面修补研究

采用表面打磨,80℃、接触压固化的方法,利用碳纤维/双马复合材料预固化补片对边缘裂纹的铝合金厚板进行双面胶接修补,测试修补前后的静态和疲劳性能,并结合高低温老化和常温油浸试验考核其耐煤油性。结果表明:修补后平均破坏载荷由94.313 kN增加到143.593 kN,提高了52.25%;疲劳寿命由2 019次循环增加到34 698次循环,提高了16.19倍;临界裂纹长度由13.5 mm增加为27.5 mm;裂纹扩展速率由2.72 mm/1 000循环降低为0.59 mm/1 000循环。在300次循环高低温油浸及180 d的常温油浸试验条件下,燃油对试验件疲劳性能无影响,同时修补试验件对煤油品质无明显影响。     

Aerodynamic performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by co-flow jet

Introducing active flow control into the design of flapping wing is an effective way to enhance its aerodynamic performance. In this paper, a novel active flow control technology called Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) is applied to flapping airfoils. The effect of CFJ on aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils at low Reynolds number is numerically investigated using Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. Numerical methods are validated by a NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil case and a S809 pitching airfoil case. Then NACA6415 baseline airfoil and NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil with jet-off and jet-on are simulated in flapping motion, with Reynolds number 70,000 and reduced frequency 0.2. As a result, CFJ airfoils with jet-on generally have better lift and thrust characteristics than baseline airfoils and jet-off airfoil when C_μ is greater than 0.04, which results from the CFJ effect of reducing flow separation by injecting high-energy fluid into boundary layer. Besides, typical kinematic and geometric parameters, including the reduced frequency and the positions of the suction and injection slot, are systematically studied to figure out their influence on aerodynamic performance of the CFJ airfoil. And a variable C_μ jet control strategy is proposed to further improve effective propulsive efficiency. Compared with using constant C_μ, an increase of effective propulsive efficiency by 22.6% has been achieved by using prescribed variable C_μ for NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil at frequency 0.2. This study may provide some guidance to performance enhancement for Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).     

基于PAM-CRASH的蒙皮典型结构高速冲击仿真

以典型蒙皮结构为研究对象，分别对由2024－T3铝合金和碳纤维复合材料交替层压而成的FMLs以及2024－T3铝合金蒙皮进行高速冲击有限元仿真，并进行了损伤对比。其中，铝合金层和碳纤维层均采用最大应变准则。利用碰撞模拟分析软件PAM-CRASH以及采用SPH弹体对冲击模型进行仿真，结果显示在相同冲击能量下，加了支承结构的蒙皮在损伤抗性方面有了明显提升，并在此基础上分析不同的纤维铺层角度和铺层方式对FMLs蒙皮性能的影响。