模态价值分析在航天器模型降阶中的应用研究

模态价值分析 (ModalCostAnalysis ,简称MCA)是一种重要的模型降阶方法 ,它不仅反映了系统本身的力学特性 ,而且综合考虑了系统的可观性和可控性。文章首先给出了MCA的一般理论形式 ;然后重点推导了MCA应用于中心刚体加柔性附件类航天器动力学模型降阶的工程应用模型 ;最后通过详尽的应用算例 ,说明MCA应用于柔性航天器模型降阶的有效性。     

双柔性机械手搬运刚性物体的协调控制研究

采用负载分配方法,将双柔性机械手协调搬运物体的控制分解为两个等效柔性机械手的运动与力混合控制的问题,同时表明当负载分配系数为常数时等效柔性机械手具有柔性机械手相同的动力学特性。然后通过等效刚性机械手的逆运动学求解出两等效柔性机械手的期望运动轨迹,并且采用输出重定义设计出两等效机械手的运动近似跟踪控制和力控制算法;最后,通过双柔性平面机械手协调搬运物体的仿真实例,说明了所提出的控制方案在柔性机械手协调控制中的有效性。     

未来飞机装配工厂的典型场景

随着数字化技术、机器人技术、工装技术和测量技术的飞速发展,我们已经可以窥见未来飞机装配工厂的一些雏形。未来飞机装配工厂中应该能够看到这样一组场景:机器人总动员、全民公转、乐高大电影、脉动时空、激光大世界、无人之境。到那时,飞机装配工厂本身就可以称为一座航空主题乐园,向人们展示航空科技的无限魅力。     

“嫦娥三号”巡视器热试验月面姿态模拟装置研制

月面巡视器在月表移动的过程中,月面起伏和月球(1/6)g重力会对巡视器的热控系统产生不利影响,因此需要在地面试验时对巡视器的热控系统的功能进行验证。文章通过对运动机构在真空低温环境下的适应性研究,研制了一套可以满足"嫦娥三号"巡视器真空热试验中使用的月表姿态模拟装置,该模拟装置通过2套螺旋升降机构实现了巡视器的俯仰和滚动模拟,并经过初样、正样热试验的2次大型试验的使用验证,圆满完成了试验任务,也为以后热试验中运动工装的设计奠定了基础。     

超大柔性空间结构姿态振动耦合稳定性分析

针对太阳帆塔等细长结构的空间太阳能电站构型，以圆轨道内平面运动的空间柔性梁为研究对象，在质心浮动坐标系下，基于Hamilton原理建立了姿态运动与弯曲振动的耦合动力学模型。引入简谐形式的姿态运动假设，并验证了假设的合理性。基于此假设，分析了姿态运动与重力梯度对弯曲振动的第一阶频率的影响，重力梯度项的影响为简谐波动形式，而姿态运动使得弯曲振动频率降低，两者作用均随初始姿态角增大而增强。同时，推导了Mathieu方程形式的模态振动方程，并利用小参数摄动分析方法，得到了不同初始姿态角下的弯曲振动的稳定图，发现当初始姿态角越大时不稳定区域就越大。     

A deformation model of flexible,HAMR objects for accurate propagation under perturbations and the self-shadowing effects

A new type of space debris in near geosynchronous orbit (GEO) was recently discovered and later identified as exhibiting unique characteristics associated with high area-to-mass ratio (HAMR) objects, such as high rotation rates and high reflection properties. Observations have shown that this debris type is very sensitive to environmental disturbances, particularly solar radiation pressure, due to the fact that its motion depends on the actual effective area, orientation of that effective area, reflection properties and the area-to-mass ratio of the object is not stable over time. Previous investigations have modelled this type of debris as rigid bodies (constant area-to-mass ratios) or discrete deformed body; however, these simplifications will lead to inaccurate long term orbital predictions. This paper proposes a simple yet reliable model of a thin, deformable membrane based on multibody dynamics. The membrane is modelled as a series of flat plates, connected through joints, representing the flexibility of the membrane itself. The mass of the membrane, albeit low, is taken into account through lump masses at the joints. The attitude and orbital motion of this flexible membrane model is then propagated near GEO to predict its orbital evolution under the perturbations of solar radiation pressure, Earth’s gravity field (J₂), third body gravitational fields (the Sun and Moon) and self-shadowing. These results are then compared to those obtained for two rigid body models (cannonball and flat rigid plate). In addition, Monte Carlo simulations of the flexible model by varying initial attitude and deformation angle (different shape) are investigated and compared with the two rigid models (cannonball and flat rigid plate) over a period of 100?days. The numerical results demonstrate that cannonball and rigid flat plate are not appropriate to capture the true dynamical evolution of these objects, at the cost of increased computational time.     

Attitude control without angular velocity measurement for flexible satellites

In this paper, by using quaternion models, the problem of attitude control is investigated for a class of flexible satellites. Two control laws are presented for the considered flexible satellite models to guarantee convergence of the closed-loop systems without using angular velocity measurement. One is in the form of a partial state feedback for the case where the modal variable is available, and the other is in the form of an observer-based partial state feedback for the case where the modal variable cannot be measured. Finally, an example is employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control laws.     

波音757客改货主货舱滑轨改装

简要介绍了波音757-200客改货中主货舱滑轨改装的主要工作内容及其在整个客改货的地位,阐述了改装过程中的关键点以及创新点,为之后改装工作所涉及各个专业工作的有序开展奠定了基础。     

A vision-based navigation approach with multiple radial shape marks for indoor aircraft locating

Since GPS signals are unavailable for indoor navigation, current research mainly focuses on vision-based locating with a single mark. An obvious disadvantage with this approach is that locating will fail when the mark cannot be seen. The use of multiple marks can solve this problem. However, the extra process to design and identify different marks will significantly increase system complexity. In this paper, a novel vision-based locating method is proposed by using marks with feature points arranged in a radial shape. The feature points of the marks consist of inner points and outer points. The positions of the inner points are the same in all marks, while the positions of the outer points are different in different marks. Unlike traditional camera locating methods （the PnP methods）, the proposed method can calculate the camera location and the positions of the outer points simultaneously. Then the calculation results of the positions of the outer points are used to identify the mark. This method can make navigation with multiple marks more efficient. Simulations and real world experiments are carried out, and their results show that the proposed method is fast, accurate and robust to noise.     

基于RO-NUIO/LMI的挠性卫星轨控期间姿控系统故障诊断

卫星轨控期间,由于推力偏心,会产生较大的干扰力矩,直接影响卫星姿态。针对轨道控制期间的挠性卫星姿态控制系统,设计了干扰解耦的降阶非线性未知输入观测器(RO-NUIO),用于故障检测与故障隔离。在设计过程中,首先通过坐标变换,使得不可观的状态及部分可观状态不受干扰影响,然后针对不可观的子系统利用可观状态的信息设计观测器,观测器中的部分参数利用LMI方法获得,可以弱化非线性部分对观测器的影响。所设计观测器的存在条件仅依赖于系统本身特性,无需在线验证。观测器采用降阶设计,同时借助LMI思想,结构简单,适合于非线性卫星姿态控制系统。仿真结果验证了降阶非线性未知输入观测器实现卫星姿态控制故障诊断的可行性与有效性。