带增压压气机的小型脉冲爆震涡轴发动机性能分析

为了解决小型涡轴发动机采用脉冲爆震燃烧室代替主燃烧室时,由于脉冲爆震燃烧室的增压作用,无法从压气机出口引气对燃气涡轮冷却、封严的问题,提出了一种带增压压气机的脉冲爆震涡轴发动机(PDTSE)构型,并建立了相应的性能分析方法。对常规涡轴发动机与带增压压气机的PDTSE性能进行对比研究,计算结果表明：与常规涡轴发动机相比,带增压压气机PDTSE性能具有较大优势;在整个设计域内,综合考虑性能指标和设计难度,在循环最优处,带增压压气机的PDTSE相比普通涡轴的热循环效率高14.5%,耗油率低9.7%,单位功率高27%。     

微粒子喷丸技术研究进展

微粒子喷丸因其采用的弹丸介质尺寸小,具有强化基体表面并降低表面粗糙度的优点,已成为航空、能源动力等领域中一项重要的表面强化技术。目前对于该技术的研究仍处于对其强化机理的试验论证阶段,还未有完整的理论体系。对微粒子喷丸技术的原理和特点进行了综述,讨论了微粒子喷丸的强化机制,阐述了目前微粒子喷丸技术的研究现状及在各类材料中的应用,并指出了该技术的应用前景。研究各类参数对喷丸效果的影响将是微粒子喷丸发展的主要方向。     

基于小位移旋量的旋翼系统公差建模及分析

直升机的振动问题与加工制造技术紧密相关,降低制造误差可有效减小直升机的振动。为了分析直升机旋翼系统的几何回转精度,基于小位移旋量对零部件装配路径上的关键公差进行建模,通过齐次坐标变换方法对闭环链路上的误差传递进行分析,得到旋翼系统几何回转精度模型;在此基础上,与蒙特卡洛仿真相结合,对旋翼系统的实例模型进行分析。结果表明：旋翼桨叶根部在空间内的变动范围近似呈椭球形变化,在旋转过程中存在复杂的波动情况,桨叶根部在桨盘平面内的径向波动误差约为 0.58%,在垂直桨盘平面方向的波动相对较大,约为 0.89%。     

相对测量不确定度在微波功率计量中的应用CSCD

本文探讨了相对测量不确定度在微波功率计量中的相关应用,通过微波功率计量中的两个实例,分析了相对测量不确定度的数学模型及评定过程,规范了其表述规则,全面概括了实际应用中的注意事项。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

Operational modal parameter identification with colored noise excitation

Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) refers to the modal analysis of a structure in its operating state. The advantage of OMA is that only the output vibration signal of a system is used in the analysis process. Classic OMA is based on the white noise excitation assumption and many identification methods have been developed in both time domain and frequency domain. But in reality, many environmental excitations are not compliance with the white noise assumption. In this paper, a method of half power bandwidth analysis is applied to power spectrum analysis to deal with the colored noise and trapezoidal spectral excitation. The modal frequencies and modal damping ratios are derived and the error caused by trapezoidal spectral and colored noise excitation are analyzed. It is proved that the OMA algorithm based on the white noise assumption can be extended to the colored noise environments under certain conditions. Finally, a simulation example with a cantilever beam and a vibration test with four kinds of colored noise and trapezoidal spectrum base excitation are carried out and the results support the proposed method.     

Ka频段卫星通信雨衰分析及解决对策

Ka频段卫星通信中,降雨引起的信号衰减对通信链路的通断起着非常重要的作用.本文在阐述雨衰原理的基础上,分析了Ka频段雨衰对信道特性的影响,提出了Ka频段抗雨衰的各种对策,并通过实例说明了对策的有效性.     

自校准定轨方法的精度评定

推导了自校准定轨的误差协方差公式。与非校准方法相比,指出了自校准定轨能够同时修正系统误差和改善定轨精度,并提出了敏感度矩阵在选取校准参数中的作用及其值得注意的方面。     

燃烧室进油管焊缝裂纹失效分析

燃烧室进油管沿周圈出现开裂现象,对它进行外观检查、断口分析、冶金分析及综合分析,结果表明燃烧室进油管在氩弧焊焊接过程中由于焊接不当,导致在焊缝收弧处产生焊接缺陷——咬边及焊瘤,且焊缝处于尺寸变化较大的部位,容易产生应力集中,在工作过程中萌生裂纹并疲劳扩展。     

某型发动机排气段隔板脱落失效分析

对某型发动机排气段隔板脱落及事故原因进行了分析。结果表明,排气段隔板的断裂性质为机械疲劳断裂,导致疲劳断裂的根本原因是该排气段隔板焊缝存在未焊透现象所致。