Evaluation of GPM sampling error over major basins in Indian subcontinent using bootstrap technique

The study investigates the evaluation and comparison of sampling error for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission orbital data products by implementing a bootstrap technique over the two major basins in the Indian subcontinent i.e the Ganga and the Mahanadi basin. The relative sampling error evaluated over both the Ganges and Mahanadi basins showed commendable results thus giving the confidence to adopt the bootstrap technique to evaluate the sampling error. The region over India with large seasonal rainfall seems to have less sampling uncertainty and vice versa with some regions showing exceptions which might be due to the difference in precipitation variability and space-time correlation length. The scale dependence was verified for four grid sizes along with seasonal time scale. Results indicate that the relative sampling error estimates are inversely proportional to the scale of the grid size. The comparative study of evaluation of sampling uncertainty to different precipitation types resulted to have maximum sampling error in GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) in comparison to Dual Precipitation Radar (DPR) convective and DPR total precipitation. Thus, the comparable results of sampling uncertainty between the major basins in the Indian sub-continent provides the user a decision making criteria before utilizing the GPM orbital products in any applications.     

Bipartite graph-based control flow checking for COTS-based small satellites

Single event upset(SEU)effect,caused by highly energized particles in aerospace,threatens the reliability and security of small satellites composed of commercial-off-the-shelves(COTS).SEUinduced control flow errors(CFEs)may cause unpredictable behavior or crashes of COTS-based small satellites.This paper proposes a generic software-based control flow checking technique(CFC)and bipartite graph-based control flow checking(BGCFC).To simplify the types of illegal branches,it transforms the conventional control flow graph into the equivalent bipartite graph.It checks the legality of control flow at runtime by comparing a global signature with the expected value and introduces consecutive IDs and bitmaps to reduce the time and memory overhead.Theoretical analysis shows that BGCFC can detect all types of inter-node CFEs with constant time and memory overhead.Practical tests verify the result of theoretical analysis.Compared with previous techniques,BGCFC achieves the highest error detection rate,lower time and memory overhead;the composite result in evaluation factor shows that BGCFC is the most effective one among all these techniques.The results in both theory and practice verify the applicability of BGCFC for COTS-based small satellites.     

Systematic centroid error compensation for the simple Gaussian PSF in an electronic star map simulator

Simulated star maps serve as convenient inputs for the test of a star sensor, whose standardability mostly depends on the centroid precision of the simulated star image, so it is necessary to accomplish systematic error compensation for the simple Gaussian PSF（or SPSF, in which PSF denotes point spread function）. Firstly, the error mechanism of the SPSF is described, the reason of centroid deviations of the simulated star images based on SPSF lies in the unreasonable sampling positions（the centers of the covered pixels） of the Gaussian probability density function. Then in reference to the IPSF simulated star image spots regarded as ideal ones, and by means of normalization and numerical fitting, the pixel center offset function expressions are got, so the systematic centroid error compensation can be executed simply by substituting the pixel central position with the offset position in the SPSF. Finally, the centroid precision tests are conducted for the three big error cases of Gaussian radius r = 0.5, 0.6, 0.671 pixel, and the centroid accuracy with the compensated SPSF（when r = 0.5） is improved to 2.83 times that of the primitive SPSF, reaching a 0.008 pixel error, an equivalent level of the IPSF. Besides its simplicity, the compensated SPSF further increases both the shape similarity and the centroid precision of simulated star images, which helps to improve the image quality and the standardability of the outputs of an electronic star map simulator（ESS）.     

MEMS惯性测量组合的整体误差建模与标定

对微机电系统(MEMS)惯性测量组合(MIMU)的主要误差项进行分析,提出一种针对MIMU整体的误差补偿模型,模型囊括MEMS惯性传感器自身的零漂、互耦、标度因数非线性等误差,以及传感器安装误差、系统电路漂移等.根据模型设计整体标定和补偿方法,并用最小二乘法系统求解模型中的69个误差系数,避免单一传感器误差补偿的片面性.针对MEMS传感器明显的温度非线性,利用分段补偿的方法将所研制的MIMU的全温范围分成3段,分别求解各分段误差模型的误差系数进行补偿.经实验论证,该方法能有效地抑制多种误差项对MEMS传感器精度的影响,使MEMS陀螺和加速度计的精度提升1-2个数量级.     

原点误差对发射方位角及弹道精度的影响分析

发射原点是飞行器试验中非常重要的参数,在某些特殊试验中,发射原点往往是不能准确给出的,为此,本文详细推导了发射原点误差对发射方位角和弹道精度的影响公式。仿真计算结果证明,原点误差对发射方位角影响较大,而原点误差和发射方位角误差的共同作用对发射系下的弹道精度影响很大,对于此类高精度的飞行器试验必须考虑原点误差对弹道精度的影响。     

电波折射误差实时修正方法研究

目前的实时弹道处理过程中,由于获得探空气象数据比较困难,电波折射误差均采用各种简化方法进行计算,因而大气折射误差计算的精度不高,修正效果不佳。针对这种现状,本文提出了基于双指数模型的射线瞄迹法计算大气折射误差。试算结果表明,该方法的计算精度与事后数据处理所采用的电波折射误差修正方法相当,且能够满足实时处理的时间要求。     

海上移动测站精度估算方法研究

海上测量是在复杂的动态条件下进行的,测量船外测数据中融入了更多影响数据精度的因素,数据测量结果非常复杂。本文在系统分析测量船误差影响因素的基础上,建立了航天测量船外测数据精度估算模型,据此分析研究了影响测量船外测精度的主要误差因素,并针对主要误差源提出了进一步提高船载设备精度的途径。     

A follow-up of in-orbit observations of radiation-induced effects in commercial of the shelf memories on-board Alsat-1

This paper presents a follow-up of the results of an 8-year study on radiation effects in commercial off the shelf (COTS) memory devices operating within the on-board data handling system of the Algerian micro-satellite Alsat-1 in a Low-Earth Orbit (LEO). A statistical analysis of single-event upset (SEU) and multiple-bit upset (MBU) activity in commercial memories on-board the Alsat-1 primary On-Board Computer (OBC-386) is given. The OBC-386 is an Intel 80C386EX based system that plays a dual role for Alsat-1, acting as the key component of the payload computer as well as the command and control computer for the micro-satellite. The in-orbit observations show that the typical SEU rate at Alsat-1’s orbit is 4.04 × 10⁻⁷ SEU/bit/day, where 98.6% of these SEUs cause single-bit errors, 1.22% cause double-byte errors, and the remaining SEUs result in multiple-bit and severe errors.     

VC环境下捷联惯导系统误差建模与仿真平台设计

分析了捷联惯导系统误差来源,构建了由器件误差、安装误差及初始条件误差共31个误差源组成的捷联惯导系统误差模型.为提高代码重用率,在VC环境下建立仿真平台,并通过调用Matlab引擎,用图形化方式量化了各种误差源对导航结果的影响.结果表明,设计的仿真平台能够提供高效的误差分析手段,可为捷联惯导系统的误差分配和器件选型提供参考.     

远距离测试发控系统中数字光纤通信系统的接口设计及实现

远距离分布式计算机网络测试发控系统是当今国际宇航事业发展的方向。数据通信系统能否畅通、准确、实时、可靠是实现远距离测试发控的关键。本文列举了光纤通信的优点，分析了通信中常用纠错编码的优劣，提出一种既符合测试发控系统的特点又适合光纤通信要求的新的纠错编码方案，并设计出以该纠错编码为核心的数字光纤通信接口，满足了一个特定的远距离测试发控系统对数字通信的要求。