Maneuver control at high angle of attack based on real-time optimization of integrated aero-propulsion

To reduce the propulsion system installation thrust loss under high angle of attack maneuvering, a control method based on real-time optimization of the integrated aero-propulsion is proposed. Firstly, based on data fitting and physical principle, an integrated onboard model of propulsion system is established, which can calculate various performance parameters of the propulsion system in real time, and has high accuracy and real-time performance. Secondly, to improve the compatibility of optimization real-time performance and search accuracy, the online optimization control of aero-propulsion system is realized based on an improved trust region algorithm. Finally, by controlling the auxiliary intake valve, a good match between inlet and engine is realized, which solves the problems of intake flow reducing and total pressure recovery coefficient declining, and improves the installation performance of propulsion system. The simulation results indicate that, compared with the conventional independent engine control, the real-time integrated optimization method reduces the installed thrust loss by 3.61% under the design condition, and 4.58% under the off-design condition. Furthermore, the simulation on HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop) platform verifies the real-time performance of integrated optimization method.     

润滑系统调压差活门技术研究与应用

调压差活门为发动机滑油供油系统的重要部件,用于控制滑油的流量和压力,关系着航空发动机润滑系统的供油能力和工作稳定性,通过感受供油路压力和中轴承腔压力保证各喷嘴前后的压差稳定在规定的范围内。为掌握某型发动机调压差活门的工作特性,对调压差活门的开闭特性、流量特性及响应特性进行试验研究。结果表明:活门的打开压力为252 k Pa,响应时间小于384 ms。研究结果可应用于生产中调压差活门初始打开压力的设定以及后续滑油供油系统仿真分析中,以提高航空发动机滑油供油系统流量、压力仿真计算的准确性和真实性。     

某航空活塞发动机机械增压器旁通阀门开启特性分析

机械增压器现已在汽车发动机上得到了广泛应用,但其在航空活塞发动机上的应用和研究较少.分析机械增压器的工作过程,在簧片阀模型的基础上,考虑旁通阀门启闭压力与涡轮增压器压比之间的线性关系并对其建模;搭建某型航空活塞发动机GT-POWER数值仿真模型并进行实验验证,在整机模型的基础上,研究不同转速下通过旁通阀门的质量流率以及不同高度下旁通阀门的通流面积.结果表明:巡航工况下,海拔2680 m时阀门关闭;起飞工况下,海拔3000 m阀门关闭,该结果可为发动机实际高空飞行提供理论支持.     

中心支板参数对RBCC发动机性能影响研究

针对某宽域加速飞行任务下RBCC发动机中心支板主要几何参数设计问题，采用全流道一体化数值模拟方法，在Ma 0.4-6速域内研究支板阻塞比、顶角及长宽比等参数对发动机引射、亚/超燃模态的性能影响规律。结果表明，随着阻塞比增大，各模态下空气流动受压缩作用增强，燃烧反应更加充分，发动机总推力有0.13%-5%的提升；随着顶角增大，除Ma 2.5工况由流道截面构型变化引起激波形成外，增强的支板前缘激波使得燃烧反应位置较为集中，燃料喷注贯穿主流深度提高，较为充分的燃烧释热使得发动机总推力有2.2%-5.7%的提升；随着长宽比减小，在Ma 0.4-4条件下，增大的流道面积有利于煤油横向扩展，较好的氧燃掺混使得发动机总推力有2%-4.8%的提升，而在Ma 6条件下，支板前缘激波的减速增压作用逐渐减弱，发动机总推力可降低5.2%-7.1%。所得结论可为RBCC发动机中心支板设计参数选择提供依据。     

一种基于状态反馈的比例伺服阀控制方法

在电液比例伺服阀中，液动力存在较强的非线性，开环控制下驱动电流与阀芯位移的线性度较差，使用传统PID控制算法难以达到良好控制效果。针对该现象，在分析阀芯液动力特性的基础上，提出了一种位置负反馈式的控制方法。通过搭建比例伺服阀的控制器模型和阀芯受力模型，开展试验验证。结果表明该方法能够有效地解决了控制中的电流—阀芯位移的非线性问题，控制稳定性有明显的提升。     

Vector deflection stability control of aero-engine based on linear active disturbance rejection

Aimed at the problem of instability in engine control caused by vector deflection in experiment of turbofan engines with Axisymmetric Vectoring Exhaust Nozzle (AVEN), a vector deflection stability control method of aero-engine based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) is proposed. Firstly, based on CFD numerical simulation, aerodynamic performance model of AVEN is established, and the aerodynamic load change rule of the nozzle throat area actuator during vector deflection is revealed. Subsequently, the integrated model of AVEN/turbofan engine is established by Simulink/AMESim co-simulation. Finally, the nozzle throat area control loop based on LADRC is designed. The simulation results show that the integrated model can reflect the influence of vector deflection on the stability of the control system. The accuracy comparison between the fan rotor speed and the test data during vector deflection is larger than 1%, indicating a high degree of confidence. Compared with the conventional PID control, the designed LADRC control loop reduces the speed of the low-pressure rotor during vector deflection by 70%, which effectively improves the control stability of the vector deflection. Meanwhile, the fuel flow ratechange during the vector deflection process is smaller and more economical, which provides an important reference for engineering applications.     

Pneumatic pressure control based on improved NMPC and its application to aeroengine surge simulation

In the semi-physical simulation of aeroengines, using the pneumatic pressure servo control technology to provide realistic pneumatic excitation to the sensors and electronic controller can improve the confidence of the simulation and reduce the test cost and risk. However, the existing methods could not satisfy the precise simulation of large-amplitude and high-frequency pulsating pressure during aeroengine surge. In this paper, a pneumatic pressure control system with asymmetric groups of the High-Speed on–off Valve (HSV) is designed, and an Improved Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (INMPC) method is proposed. First, the volumetric flow characteristics of HSV are tested and analyzed with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal input. Then, a simplified HSV model with the volume flow characteristic correction is developed. Based on these, an integrated model for the whole system is further established and used as the prediction model in INMPC. To improve the computational speed of the rolling optimization process, the mapping scheme from control signal to PWM duty cycle of HSVs and the objective function with exterior penalty function are designed. Finally, the random step, sinusoidal and real engine surge data are set as the reference pressure in multiple comparative experiments to verify the effectiveness of the pressure tracking system.     

加工装配误差影响下偏转射流压力伺服阀静态特性分析

电液压力伺服阀是电液压力伺服控制系统的核心控制元件，广泛应用于航空、航天、军事等领域。区别于流量伺服阀，压力伺服阀在滑阀放大器的设计上多采用带有压力控制容腔的三通阀结构，不同的滑阀结构使得现有的偏转射流流量伺服阀仿真模型难以满足压力伺服阀性能预测的需求。本文基于AMESim平台建立了偏转射流压力伺服阀的仿真模型，并通过实验对仿真模型进行了验证，验证结果表明仿真模型能够准确地描述压力伺服阀的静态特性。最后，通过仿真模型分析了加工装配误差影响下压力伺服阀输出性能差异，仿真结果可为偏转射流压力伺服阀的性能预测和结构设计提供参考。     

不同支承结构下同转/对转中介轴承的刚度特性

中介轴承是耦合双转子航空发动机的关键部件，为了探明中介支承结构特征、装配条件和发动机工况对中介轴承刚度特性的影响，建立了中介圆柱滚子轴承刚度特性分析模型。模型综合考虑了中介支承结构形式、轴承内外环相对旋转方向、内外环配合参数、内外环锁紧螺母拧紧力矩、轴承工作温度、发动机转速、径向载荷和弹性流体动力润滑等方面的影响，分析了某型机中介轴承的径向刚度随各参数的变化规律。结果表明，内外环配合参数和发动机工况对中介轴承的刚度影响较大，设计时应考虑刚度变化对转子系统动力学特性的影响；中介轴承刚度对锁紧螺母的拧紧力矩不敏感。另外，中介轴承刚度同中介支承结构形式及内外环的相对旋转方向密切相关，设计时应结合气动性能和结构动力学的要求合理选取，避免对发动机的可靠性造成不利影响。     

航空发动机放气活门随动杆断裂故障分析

某航空发动机防喘系统的放气活门随动杆与放气活门控制杆相连接,将防喘调节系统的运动传递给随动杆的拨叉,操纵放气活门的启闭。随动杆断裂将导致发动机的防喘系统失效,直接影响发动机的安全使用。针对放气活门随动杆多次出现断裂故障问题,根据放气机构结构特点和随动杆断裂处安装环境和工作方式,对随动杆进行动应力测试及分析,结果表明:放气机构运行不正常会使放气机构零件磨损,从而使随动杆承受大的振动应力和冲击应力,振动应力和冲击应力的叠加作用是导致随动杆断裂的主要原因,为该故障诊断提供依据。