进气畸变条件下压气机转子叶片的 振动特性研究

航空发动机研制及适航要求中均明确提出发动机零部件的振动特性分析和测试要求,包括评估进气流场畸变对振动特性的影响。对某航空发动机压气机第1级转子叶片进行振动特性计算分析,开展自然进气和进气畸变条件下的叶片振动应力测试。计算分析和测试结果表明:计算分析结果与自然进气条件下测试的叶片共振转速及振动频率一致性好,其激振源主要是压气机结构因素;在进气畸变条件下激振源更丰富,与自然进气条件相比,叶片会被激起额外的振动,且在同一共振转速下振动幅值较大,进气畸变对转子叶片的振动特性产生重要影响。在发动机研制过程中,为提高叶片工作的可靠性,需要加强进气畸变条件下的叶片振动特性试验研究。     

Detection of aerosol pollution sources during sandstorms in Northwestern China using remote sensed and model simulated data

The present paper has used a comprehensive approach to study atmosphere pollution sources including the study of vertical distribution characteristics, the epicenters of occurrence and transport of atmospheric aerosol in North-West China under intensive dust storm registered in all cities of the region in April 2014. To achieve this goal, the remote sensing data using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite (MODIS) as well as model-simulated data, were used, which facilitate tracking the sources, routes, and spatial extent of dust storms. The results of the study have shown strong territory pollution with aerosol during sandstorm. According to ground-based air quality monitoring stations data, concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 exceeded 400?μg/m³ and 150?μg/m³, respectively, the ratio PM_2.5/PM₁₀ being within the range of 0.123–0.661. According to MODIS/Terra Collection 6 Level-2 aerosol products data and the Deep Blue algorithm data, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550?nm in the pollution epicenter was within 0.75–1. The vertical distribution of aerosols indicates that the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) 532?nm total attenuates backscatter coefficient ranges from 0.01 to 0.0001?km^?1?×?sr^?1 with the distribution of the main types of aerosols in the troposphere of the region within 0–12.5?km, where the most severe aerosol contamination is observed in the lower troposphere (at 3–6?km). According to satellite sounding and model-simulated data, the sources of pollution are the deserted regions of Northern and Northwestern China.     

核磁共振陀螺高精度磁场驱动技术

核磁共振陀螺（NMRG）是利用激光与核磁共振气室中的碱金属原子和惰性气体原子的相互作用使核子以拉莫尔频率进动,并通过磁场驱动技术对气室磁场实现闭环控制和对剩磁进行补偿来维持核子的共振状态,进而能够检测载体的角速度信息。磁场驱动技术作为磁场闭环控制的重要部分,直接影响核磁共振陀螺的磁场控制精度和稳定性。为了解决核磁共振陀螺磁场控制精度和稳定性不足的关键问题,采用交直流分离设计的压控电流源方案改善磁场驱动问题,基于噪声分析理论对电路进行建模和噪声分析,并通过实验验证对三轴线圈的横向磁场控制精度达±0.046 2 nT,纵向磁场控制精度为±0.003 1 nT,实验证明该技术方案具有较强的工程应用价值。      

“嫦娥4号”中继星任务轨道确定问题初探

"嫦娥4号"任务将采用着陆器、巡视器和绕飞地月拉格朗日L2点中继星进行月球背面的探测,中继星已先期发射,进入环绕地月L2点的晕(Halo)轨道。在中继星使命轨道动力学模型的基础上,通过相关仿真工作,开展了中继星在Halo轨道上的摄动源量级及影响定轨预报的主要因素分析,结果表明:太阳光压摄动是其主要影响因素。为降低其相关影响,提高定轨精度,在太阳光压球模型的基础上,结合中继星在轨运行特点及其星体结构特点,提出了一种求解光压等效面积的方法。经仿真分析,使用修正后的太阳光压球模型进行定轨求解,速度精度可提升约一个量级。     

微振动源与支撑结构耦合特性研究综述

综述了微振动源与支撑结构耦合特性理论研究现状,重点介绍了基本理论研究、静态动质量法、动态动质量法等在微振动源与支撑结构耦合特性分析中的应用及试验验证,并对几种分析方法的分析结果与试验验证结果进行了对比,结果表明考虑了陀螺效应的动态动质量法分析结果与试验结果更为吻合。提出了国内微振动源与支撑结构耦合特性在理论方法改进、物理试验应用、减隔振系统设计应用等方面的研究展望,可为微振动领域相关研究和产品研制提供参考。     

改进FDTD／集总源模型分析航天器场线耦合

针对典型的电磁脉冲对航天器电缆耦合问题,建立了航天器场线耦合分析模型。在场分布计算方面,采用基于平均电参数和分析目标与 Yee网格不重合的边缘部分修正的改进时域有限差分法。在场线耦合方面,建立基于集总等效源模型的多导体传输线瞬态响应模型,将外场在传输线上激励的分布电压源和电流源与传输线指数矩阵解耦,建立了集总等效电压源和电流源模型。采用分析模型分析运载内一根电缆受电磁脉冲影响的响应,结果表明,即使存在屏蔽作用,电磁脉冲在电缆上耦合的干扰足以损毁设备。     

Three dimensional temperature field in a conducting sphere due to an arbitrarily located split ring heating source

Thermal control of spacecrafts plays an important role in space missions. In the design stage the preliminary thermal analysis of the spacecraft requires an estimate of the conductive thermal resistance between the various spacecraft components. With this in mind, the fully three dimensional problem of determining the thermal field in a conducting sphere with an asymmetric split ring current carrying heating source is resolved in an analytical or almost analytical form, implying either a closed form solution or utmost expressions involving a simple numerical integration. This has immediate application for evaluation of thermal resistance in spacecrafts. Green's function integral techniques are used. Comparisons are made with series solutions and also with purely numerical solutions to contrast the simplicity and highlight the elegance of the present method. Parametric studies reveal expected behavior.     

Assessment of precision in ionospheric electron density profiles retrieved by GPS radio occultations

The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) is a six satellite radio occultation mission that was launched in April 2006. The close proximity of these satellites during some months after launch provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the precision of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) retrievals of ionospheric electron density from nearly collocated and simultaneous observations. RO data from 30 consecutive days during July and August 2006 are divided into ten groups in terms of daytime or nighttime and latitude. In all cases, the best precision values (about 1%) are found at the F peak height and they slightly degrade upwards. For all daytime groups, it is seen that electron density profiles above about 120 km height exhibit a substantial improvement in precision. Nighttime groups are rather diverse: in particular, the precision becomes better than 10% above different levels between 120 and 200 km height. Our overall results show that up to 100–200 km (depending on each group), the uncertainty associated with the precision is in the order of the measured electron density values. Even worse, the retrieved values tend sometimes to be negative. Although we cannot rely directly on electron density values at these altitudes, the shape of the profiles could be indicative of some ionospheric features (e.g. waves and sporadic E layers). Above 200 km, the profiles of precision are qualitatively quite independent from daytime or latitude. From all the nearly collocated pairs studied, only 49 exhibited a difference between line of sight angles of both RO at the F peak height larger than 10°. After analyzing them we find no clear indications of a significant representativeness error in electron density profiles due to the spherical assumption above 120 km height. Differences in precision between setting and rising GPS RO may be attributed to the modification of the processing algorithms applied to rising cases during the initial period of the COSMIC mission.     

Analysis of the ionosphere/plasmasphere electron content variability during strong geomagnetic storm

The ionosphere/plasmasphere electron content (PEC) variations during strong geomagnetic storms in November 2004 were estimated by combining of mid-latitude Kharkov incoherent scatter radar observations and GPS TEC data derived from global TEC maps. The comparison between two independent measurements was performed by analysis of the height-temporal distribution for specific location corresponding to the mid-latitudes of Europe. The percentage contribution of PEC to GPS TEC indicated the clear dependence from the time with maximal values (more than 70%) during night-time. During day-time the lesser values (30–45%) were observed for quiet geomagnetic conditions and rather high values of the PEC contribution to GPS TEC (up to 90%) were observed during strong negative storm. These changes can be explained by the competing effects of electric fields and winds, which tend to raise the layer to the region with lower loss rate and movement of the ionospheric plasma to the plasmasphere.