深空探测中利用静止轨道卫星编队连续导航精度分析

针对我国难以全天候24小时对探测器连续测控和通信，以及建立全球性深空网络困难的问题，提出利用地球静止轨道卫星编队进行深空导航的构想。两个静止轨道卫星编队相距一定角度，可以完成对深空探测器进行全天候连续导航定位。卫星编队采用无源反向导航的方法，多颗卫星协同工作，共同完成导航任务。分析表明该天基导航系统的几何参数精度因子受时间测量误差均方差和基线长度变化影响较大。编队的构型对定位精度有很大影响，其中基线长度不能过小，时间测量误差均方差不能过大，否则定位误差会急剧增加，伴随卫星椭圆轨道偏心率也存在一定界限。增加伴随卫星数量也有利于提高系统的定位精度。     

深空通信中继下行链路特性研究及仿真分析

在深空通信中,由于信号传输距离遥远,功率受限的下行链路信号衰减巨大。为解决上述问题,分析地球大气层和外层自由空间的传输特性差异,提出以地球同步轨道卫星为中继站的下行链路的构想,根据每一段链路特性的不同选择载波频率。仿真结果表明,中继链路可以提高信号传输的信噪比、增大信道容量、降低误码率,提高了深空通信下行链路的可靠性。     

深空通信中的Turbo码技术

简介深空通信的发展现状和 Turbo码的基本原理。着重研究深空通信中 Turbo码技术的算法和应用 ;并通过仿真对 Turbo码和其它传统码的性能进行比较分析。针对深空通信的特点 ,就 Turbo码具体实现的技术作了探讨     

适合于深空通信的一种新的图像压缩方法

介绍了一种由喷气推进实验室（JPL）开发的新的图像压缩算法——ICER，并详细介绍了ICER算法的容错性能。通过ICER算法与现有的JPEG2000进行对比，重点讨论了其较强的容错性能和较低的算法复杂度在深空通信应用中的优越性。     

人工智能在OODA 循环中的应用

当前人工智能(AI) 是商业和工业，甚至军事应用领域中最热门的流行语。军事国防领域也已经将人 工智能发展成为了一种技术，并应用到军事作战和决策系统中。最初OODA 循环是最知名的空战战术模型， 后来发展成为各国空军的作战方法。OODA 循环对于任务的定义和决策过程的理解起到了重要的作用。本文主 要研究了人工智能在OODA 循环决策中的应用。讨论了未来OODA 循环各阶段中所需的AI 作用和技术，包 括可解释的人工智能和基于学习的人工智能。     

CFDP协议中延迟NAK文件传输时间分析与仿真

未来的深空通信需要一个鲁棒的、有效与可靠的文件传输协议,在研究CCSDS提出的CFDP协议基础上,针对延迟NAK模式提出了一种新的分析方法。在保证吞吐量的前提下,对ARQ定时器优化设置,导出了平均文件传输时间的理论表达式。在单跳直连链路中,对不同条件下的平均文件传输时间进行了仿真与数值分析。仿真结果表明平均文件传输时间与PDU错误概率、PDU数目及单向传播时间等有密切关系。随机仿真与理论分析具有很好的一致性。     

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System (BMCS) are studied from climatic data, “Marathon Exp. Leg.8, 1984” data, and Sea surface temperature (SST) data base “ds277-Reynolds” (1981–2000). The South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) is divided in two main types: tropical (TW) and subtropical water (ST). Water masses, Fronts, Inter-Frontal and Frontal Zones are analysed and classified: (a) the water masses: Tropical Low-Salinity Water, Tropical Surface Water, Tropical Tropospheric Water, Subtropical Low-Salinity Water, Subtropical Surface Water, Subtropical Tropospheric Water. T,S characteristics of intermediate, deep and bottom water defined by different authors are confirmed and completed; (b) the Inter-Frontal Zones: Tropical/Brazil Current Zone, Subtropical Zone and Subantarctic Zone; (c) the Frontal Zones: Subtropical, Subantarctic and Polar, and (d) the Fronts: Subtropical Front of the Brazil Current, Principal Subtropical Front, North Subtropical Front, Subtropical Surface Front, South Subtropical Front, Subantarctic Surface Front, Subantarctic Front and Polar Front. Several stable T–S relationships are found below the friction layer and at the Fronts. The maximum gradient of the oceanographic characteristics occurs at the Brazil Current Front, which can be any of the subtropical Fronts, depending on season. Minimum mean depth of the pycnocline coincides with the Fronts of the BMCS, indicating the paths of low-salinity shelf waters into the open ocean. In the work it is shown how to recover the horizontal and vertical thermohaline structure of waters from satellite data RSMAS SST.     

一种基于迁移学习的遥测数据异常检测方法

为解决卫星遥测数据异常检测面临的数据不平衡且缺乏有标签样本的问题，提出一种基于一维卷积神经网络(1dCNN)迁移学习的异常检测方法。首先利用源域卫星的遥测数据对1dCNN进行预训练，使得模型的卷积层具有卫星状态特征的提取能力；然后将训练好的模型迁移到缺乏标签数据的目标域卫星中；利用目标域有标签样本对预训练模型进行微调，从而实现了对目标域测试集样本的异常检测。为了使1dCNN能够适应遥测数据样本的不平衡性，引入了代价敏感训练策略，建立动态损失函数，从而提升代价敏感一维卷积神经网络(cs 1dCNN)对于异常样本的识别能力。以某两个卫星的电源分系统遥测数据进行了验证，实验结果表明该异常检测迁移方法具有较好的有效性和鲁棒性。     

NASA深空网（DSN）的现状及发展趋势

详细介绍了美国深空网的发展过程、目前的状况以及未来的主要发展计划。     

The Coma of Comet 9P/Tempel 1

As comet 9P/Tempel 1 approaches the Sun in 2004–2005, a temporary atmosphere, or “coma,” will form, composed of molecules and dust expelled from the nucleus as its component icy volatiles sublimate. Driven mainly by water ice sublimation at surface temperatures T > 200 K, this coma is a gravitationally unbound atmosphere in free adiabatic expansion. Near the nucleus (≤ 10² km), it is in collisional equilibrium, at larger distances (≥10⁴ km) it is in free molecular flow. Ultimately the coma components are swept into the comet’s plasma and dust tails or simply dissipate into interplanetary space. Clues to the nature of the cometary nucleus are contained in the chemistry and physics of the coma, as well as with its variability with time, orbital position, and heliocentric distance. The DI instrument payload includes CCD cameras with broadband filters covering the optical spectrum, allowing for sensitive measurement of dust in the comet’s coma, and a number of narrowband filters for studying the spatial distribution of several gas species. DI also carries the first near-infrared spectrometer to a comet flyby since the VEGA mission to Halley in 1986. This spectrograph will allow detection of gas emission lines from the coma in unprecedented detail. Here we discuss the current state of understanding of the 9P/Tempel 1 coma, our expectations for the measurements DI will obtain, and the predicted hazards that the coma presents for the spacecraft. An erratum to this article is available at .