基于小波包和主成分分析的滚动轴承状态振动监视方法

针对滚动轴承早期故障状态难以监测的现状,文章采用小波包及主成分分析法对滚动轴承振动信号进行分析,提出了一种综合振动能量指标,用于监视滚动轴承状态。采用滚动轴承实验数据对该方法有效性进行了验证,结果表明:该方法构建的综合振动能量指标能够有效发现滚动轴承早期故障,对早期故障程度反应能力强,优于一些其他传统的监视指标。     

圆柱壳体振动陀螺的力平衡控制

圆柱壳体振动陀螺是基于弹性驻波的哥氏效应测量载体角速度或角度的新型振动陀螺,具有精度高、体积小、结构简单、功耗低等优点,因此是捷联惯性导航系统的理想陀螺仪。工作在力平衡模式的圆柱壳体振动陀螺输出角速率信息,噪声特性好、漂移误差易补偿、分辨率高。文章首先对力平衡模式下的频率跟踪回路、幅度控制回路、正交控制回路、力平衡控制回路等四大控制回路基本原理进行介绍。其中,频率跟踪回路与幅度控制回路一起构成陀螺主模态控制回路,负责系统的频率与幅度控制;正交控制回路与力平衡控制回路一起构成敏感模态的控制回路,负责系统正交误差的抑制、敏感模态的抑制以及角速率信息的提取。最后实现了力平衡模式下的陀螺闭环控制仿真。     

不同支承结构下同转/对转中介轴承的刚度特性

中介轴承是耦合双转子航空发动机的关键部件,为了探明中介支承结构特征、装配条件和发动机工况对中介轴承刚度特性的影响,建立了中介圆柱滚子轴承刚度特性分析模型。模型综合考虑了中介支承结构形式、轴承内外环相对旋转方向、内外环配合参数、内外环锁紧螺母拧紧力矩、轴承工作温度、发动机转速、径向载荷和弹性流体动力润滑等方面的影响,分析了某型机中介轴承的径向刚度随各参数的变化规律。结果表明,内外环配合参数和发动机工况对中介轴承的刚度影响较大,设计时应考虑刚度变化对转子系统动力学特性的影响;中介轴承刚度对锁紧螺母的拧紧力矩不敏感。另外,中介轴承刚度同中介支承结构形式及内外环的相对旋转方向密切相关,设计时应结合气动性能和结构动力学的要求合理选取,避免对发动机的可靠性造成不利影响。     

预应力索-拱结构平面内极限承载力研究

本文运用梁单元和索单元组成的混合有限元法对预应力索-拱结构平面内弹塑性极限承载力进行研究.利用牛顿-拉弗森法和弧长法对荷载-位移平衡路径进行跟踪研究,研究了索的预应力对结构极限承载力的影响,通过对这种新型结构的分析和研究,从中获得了对预应力索-拱结构设计有益的结论.     

大型对日定向装置大开口复合材料主承力架传力设计及验证

根据大型对日定向装置的结构特点和受力特性，调整传力结构，充分利用纤维增强复合材料结构的可设计性，开展优化设计。在保证高刚度和轻量化的同时，克服结构大开口带来的承载能力不足，设计出结构质量与承载比仅为5.2%，集舱段和壳体功能于一体的大型对日定向装置复合材料主承力架结构。建立有限元模型，分别采用Tsai-Wu和最大应变2种纤维增强复合材料的强度失效准则，对其进行校核。开展静力试验，采集应变等信息，与有限元仿真分析结果展开对比。结果表明:其整体趋势一致，顺利通过试验考核。     

高温环境下角接触球轴承磨损寿命分析

针对高温环境下轴承材料性质和润滑状态变化，造成轴承磨损加剧，过早丧失精度的问题。首先开展高温环境下轴承用材料的摩擦磨损试验，获取材料的磨损系数。在此基础上，考虑温度、润滑、轴承材料属性等对轴承磨损性能的影响，建立高温角接触球轴承磨损模型，通过数值求解探讨工况参数和结构参数等对轴承磨损性能的影响，并评估轴承的磨损寿命。结果表明：对于高温轴承材料无磁合金GH05，在高温300 ℃摩擦状态下平均磨损系数为2.5×10^-7 mm²/N；随着载荷、转速、温度的增加，轴承内、外滚道的磨损率均不断增大，其中内圈磨损率大于外圈，内圈磨损特性决定着轴承的磨损寿命；载荷和转速是决定轴承磨损寿命的主要因素，轴承主结构参数对磨损寿命具有重要影响，通过结构优化可提高轴承磨损寿命。     

Structural design and model fabrication of cable-rib tensioned deployable parabolic cylindrical antenna

Deployable mechanisms with light weight and high storage ratio have received considerable attention for space applications. To meet the requirements of space missions, a parabolic cylindrical deployable antenna based on cable-rib tension structures is proposed and verified by a physical prototype. The parabolic cylindrical antenna adopts simple parallel four-bar mechanisms to construct the basic deployable unit, and the cylindrical direction dimension can be easily extended by modularization, which has obvious advantages in storage ratio and area density. Considering the complexity of the entire antenna structure design, including cable networks and flexible trusses, the form-finding design optimization model of a parabolic cylindrical antenna is established using the force density sensitivity method, and then the kinematics analysis of the deployable mechanism is carried out. Finally, a single-module prototype with a deployable diameter of 4 m × 2 m was designed and fabricated. The results of the ground deployment process test and surface accuracy measurements show that the antenna has good feasibility and practicability.     

某扭力管万向节组件及支撑轴承的正弦振动疲劳研究

本文建立C919某扭力管万向节组件及支撑轴承的有限元模型，对其进行模态分析及正弦分析，推导了正弦振动下的疲劳寿命计算公式并预估了模型的寿命，通过模态试验验证了模型的正确性，通过正弦试验验证了疲劳寿命计算的正确性。该疲劳寿命计算方法可用来预估相关模型的正弦振动疲劳寿命。     

Analysis of oil shedding and ligaments formation on bearing rotary elements

For designing efficient lubrication system of an aeroengine bearing chamber, sufficient knowledge on oil/air two-phase flow characteristics is required. When analyzing bearing chamber two-phase flow, the essential prerequisite is quantifying the oil ligaments, which are detached from bearing rotary elements and shed into the bearing chamber. Related investigations are mainly targeted at liquid shedding on the rotating disk as opposed to the bearing rotary elements. Moreover, the research based on bearing rotary elements is conducted by experiment. Due to the limited operating conditions, experimental studies cannot guide engineering applications. To overcome these limitations, a theoretical model is established in this paper, for revealing the mechanism of oil shedding from bearing rotary elements and quantifying the shedding ligaments. The theoretical model is validated against experimental results from classical studies. In addition, the correlation for shedding ligaments number based on aeroengine bearing structural and operational parameters is obtained via theoretical analysis. The analytical results demonstrate that oil shedding and ligaments formation appear at the edge of bearing inner race outer-periphery. The number of shedding ligaments increases with the rise of shaft rotational speed while decreases with the growth of oil viscosity.     

旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳行波模态频率分析

为推进功能梯度（FGMs）材料在发动机、导弹和火箭等领域的应用，旨在研究旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳的行波模态频率。采用Voigt模型和Sigmoid体积分数描述FGMs层合圆柱壳的材料属性，考虑科里奥利力、离心惯性力、环向初应力以及热内力推导了FGMs层合圆柱壳的能量表达式。采用切比雪夫正交多项式构造位移容许函数，建立了任意边界旋转FGMs层合圆柱壳的模态频率方程，并探讨了组分含量、夹层厚度、温度梯度和弹簧刚度系数等对FGMs层合圆柱壳模态频率的影响。结果表明:夹层厚度相比Sigmoid体积分数对模态频率的变化更为敏感；高旋转短薄壁圆柱壳相比长薄壁圆柱壳对边界条件和失稳现象的影响更为敏感；轴向弹簧相比其他弹簧对模态频率的影响更大。