微弱GPS信号避开比特跳变的捕获算法

为了提高全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)接收机的灵敏度,信号捕获过程需要加长积分时间。分析了比特跳变对加长相干积分时间的限制,从而提出一种能够完全避免比特符号跳变的捕获算法。该算法通过对多组数据采用相干积分和非相干积分相结合的方法,比较各组积分结果并选取积分最大值,用来判决是否捕获。算法中相干积分时间为19ms,目的是使积分最大值组完全避开数据位跳变,避免导航数据符号跳变对相干积分值的影响。该算法在避开比特跳变的基础上最大程度地提高相干积分时间,提高GPS接收机的捕获灵敏度。仿真结果表明,该算法能有效地捕获到载噪比(Carrier to Noise Rate,CNR)低至26dB·Hz的信号,可有效提高GPS接收机的捕获灵敏度。     

模型燃烧室中值班火焰稳定器的燃烧不稳定性研究

针对值班火焰的燃烧不稳定性问题，通过试验得到了不同当量比工况下的火焰结构、压力脉动信号和热释放脉动信号。对脉动信号进行傅立叶分析，获得了脉动信号的频率和振幅。结果表明，随着当量比增加，火焰形态发生变化，燃烧室内发生了164Hz三阶模态向109Hz二阶模态的转换。对火焰平均结构、火焰瞬态结构和火焰正交分解（POD）结果进行分析后发现，漩涡脱落频率和燃烧室某一阶声学模态耦合是维持燃烧不稳定性的机理，耦合的强弱和漩涡脱落的尺度大小决定了热声振荡的振幅大小，火焰形态的变化导致热释放中心位置的变化是引起模态转换的机理。     

雷诺数变化对翼型边界层发展及失速特性的影响

翼型失速及其边界层发展是飞行器设计中的基础科学问题,而雷诺数变化对其影响很大。针对后缘失速翼型,采用Menter k-ω SST模型及耦合扰动放大因子输运方程的转捩模型,进行雷诺数变化对层流-湍流转捩边界层特性和失速特性的影响分析。结果表明:雷诺数增大时,对于转捩边界层,当地涡量雷诺数增大,转捩前移且分离泡减小,流动能量耗散减小,翼型整体表面剪切效应增强,动能更充沛,流动自持能力增强,压力分布可以维持较长距离的梯度抵抗分离能力增强;因此雷诺数增大使翼型失速迎角提高、升力系数增加。     

A multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm based on root label clustering for multiple targets

In this paper, a novel multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is proposed, which is based on root label clustering to reduce the high computational complexity arising by observation area expansion and clutter/noise density increase. A criterion of track extrapolation is used to construct state transition set, root label is marked by state transition set to obtain the distribution information of multiple targets in measurement space, then measurement plots of multi-frame are divided into sever...     

高温空气传输特性对边界层稳定性及转捩预测的影响

为了研究黏度和导热系数对边界层内基本流和流动稳定性的影响，首先通过分析比较Sutherland公式和目前常用的Gupta等人的拟合关系式，建立了高温气体下黏度和导热系数的计算模型，并分别将Sutherland公式和新建立的计算模型应用于7组元化学平衡流的平板模型，在马赫数为10，16和20，飞行高度为30-5km等条件下分别对黏度和导热系数的模型进行比较.计算结果表明:在高温范围内，黏度和导热系数均影响着边界层的基本流、流动稳定性及转捩预测，且两者影响的趋势相反，黏度的增加、导热系数的减小都能使扰动的增长率变大，增长区变宽，转捩位置提前.      

球形点火腔对脉冲爆震DDT过程影响的数值研究

为了减小脉冲爆震发动机PDE（pulse detonation engine）单次循环时间，缩短爆燃向爆震转变DDT（deflagration to detonation transition）距离是关键.为此，提出了一种在头部添加球形点火腔的新型爆震管道结构设计方案，并采用丙烷和空气为可爆混合物，通过对新型爆震管DDT过程的二维数值模拟，研究其对DDT距离以及DDT时间的影响.数值模拟结果表明，头部采用球形点火腔后，点火腔中的压缩波经过多次反射后，能够在爆震管中更快地促使爆震波形成，DDT距离大大缩短；当球形点火腔直径为1.5倍等直爆震管直径时，相对于常规等直管爆震管结构，其DDT距离和过程时间分别减少了14%和16.26%.      

基于数据的发动机模型匹配方法研究

针对在使用环境条件下发动机部件特性未知的问题,为获得在实际装机条件下的发动机部件特性,采用1种基于参考数据的发动机部件级模型匹配方法,在对测量数据和模型特征分析的基础上,选取适当调整参数,以模型在非设计点的仿真输出与参考数据的匹配精度为目标,通过迭代方法求解部件特性。仿真数据表明:采用基于数据的发动机匹配技术得到的发动机模型,其仿真输出与参考数据的偏差均在允许范围内。利用该方法可以得到在使用条件下的发动机部件特性,为装机状态发动机的仿真预测提供技术支撑。     

热固性芳纶织物/环氧树脂支撑管动态特性分析

利用热固性树脂基体在玻璃态转变温度（T_g）前后表现不同的材料特性，制备了Kevlar29芳纶织物/E51环氧树脂基复合材料和三根充气展开支撑管。给出了芳纶织物增强环氧树脂支撑管制备工艺，其中基体温度采用电阻丝加热控制，管体固化形状采用聚酰亚胺薄膜内胆充气加压方法控制。研究了支撑的折叠和展开特性，当T>T_g时卷曲折叠并冷却定型用于储存，然后采用二次加热T>T_g和充气加压方法控制展开，最终支撑管形状回复率100%。采用模态分析讨论了温度、树脂含量、织物铺层厚度和充气内压等参数对悬臂状态下支撑管的固有频率影响规律。结果表明：随充气压力增加、树脂含量提高、织物铺层厚度增加、基体温度降低，芳纶织物增强环氧树脂支撑管的固有频率增大。采用曲线拟合方法获得固有频率随充气压力和温度的变化规律，结果可为充气展开支撑管设计提供参考。     

Assessment and improvement of k-ω-γ model for separation-induced transition prediction

The purpose of this work is to improve the k-ω-γ transition model for separation-induced transition prediction. The fundamental cause of the excessively small separation bubble predicted by k-ω-γ model is scrutinized from the perspective of model construction. On the basis, three rectifications are conducted to improve the k-ω-γ model for separation-induced transition. Firstly, a damping function is established via comparing the molecular diffusion timescale with the rapid pressure-strain timescale. The damping function is applied to prevent the effective length scale from incorrect distribution near the leading edge of the separation bubble. Secondly, the pressure gradient parameter λ_ζ, is proposed as an indicator for local susceptibility to the separation instability. Additionally, λ_ζ,-based separation intermittency γ_sep is constructed to accelerate the substantial growth of turbulent kinetic energy after flow separation. The improved model appropriate for both low- and high-speed flow has been calibrated against a variety of diverse and challenging experiments, including the subsonic T3L plate, Aerospatial A airfoil, transonic NLR-7301 airfoil and deformed hypersonic inflatable aerodynamic decelerator aeroshell. The improved model is strictly based on local variables and Galilean invariance. Besides, the proposed improvement for k-ω-γ model can be fairly convenient to incorporate into other existing intermittency-based transition models.     

Quantification of parametric uncertainty in γ-Reθ model for typical flat plate and airfoil transitional flows

Owing to the lack of physical knowledge of boundary layer transition, the γ-Re_θ transition model introduces closure parameters, which increase the uncertainty of transition prediction. The objective of this work is to quantify the uncertainties of closure parameters in the quantities of interests and identify the key parameters. The six closure parameters in the uncertainty intervals are used as input variables, and the uncertainties of the output results are propagated by a stochastic expansion based on the point-collocation nonintrusive polynomial chaos method. The relative contribution of each parameter to uncertainty is evaluated by the Sobol index. The computational cases include natural and bypass transitional flows on zero-pressure-gradient flat plates, and subsonic and transonic flows around airfoils. For most cases, c_e2, c_a2, and c_a1 dominate the uncertainty, and the influence of σ_θt is also significant when the history effects of flow are evident. The contribution of parameters in airfoils is more complex than that in flat plates. The transonic airfoil case shows that flow separation dramatically changes the distribution of Sobol indices, which poses a challenge to the accurate prediction of transition. Generally, c_e2 and c_a2 are the key parameters of the γ-Re_θ model.