小型二冲程汽油机缸体气口尺寸的确定及其对整机性能的影响

本文以一种典型小型二冲程汽油机为例，介绍了缸体气口尺寸的确定方法，并通过发动机台架试验的结果分析气口尺寸、形状、气道质量对整机性能的重要影响。为进一步提高产品质量，提供了可靠的依据。     

Use of Optical Characteristics to Identify Orbiting Material

Knowledge of the observable properties of orbital debris is necessary to validate debris models for both the low Earth orbit (LEO) and the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). Current methods determine the size and mass of orbital debris based on knowledge or assumption of the material type of the piece. Improvement in the knowledge of material is the goal of the research described herein. The process of using spectral absorption features to determine the material type is explored. A review of the optical measurements of orbital debris as well as current research in the area is discussed. Reflectances of common spacecraft materials are compared. The need for, and advances made possible by obtaining real data are explored. The prospects of the venture are investigated.     

多环小步进频综杂散分析与设计

对多环混频锁相式小步进频综的杂散和相噪等关键指标进行理论分析,对杂散规律、杂散电平及杂散频率给出简单、有效的工程数学方法。在此基础上设计实现S/C频段宽带小步进高性能频综,带宽分别为500MHz/1300MHz,杂散电平<-75dBc。     

Variation of rain drop size distribution with rain rate at a few coastal and high altitude stations in southern peninsular India

Rain drop size distribution (DSD) was measured at four places in Southern India {Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Munnar and Sriharikota (SHAR)} using a Joss–Waldvogel (JW) impact type disdrometer. The data for each minute were corrected for dead time errors and rain rate was computed from the corrected data. The data for a whole month were then sorted according to rain rate (R) into several classes ranging from 0.1 to >100 mm/h. The average DSD in each class was computed, and the lognormal distribution function was fitted to the average. In all the cases, the function fitted the data very well. The fit parameters were found to have dependence on rain rate. The total number of drops (N_T), the geometric mean diameter (D_g) and the standard geometric deviation (σ) were also computed from the fit parameters. The standard geometric deviation (σ) was found to be more or less constant with rain rate at all the sites and in all months. The other two parameters (N_T and D_g) were found to vary exponentially with rain rate except in Munnar, a high altitude station. At Thiruvananthapuram, in most of the months, N_T increased exponentially with rain rate up to some value of R, which was different in different months, and then remained more or less constant or decrease slightly. In all cases, the variation of N_T and D_g was such that N_TD_g³ increased linearly with rain rate.     

Using S-band dual polarized radar for convective/stratiform rain indexing and the correspondence with AMSR-E GSFC profiling algorithm

The separation of rain types in convective and stratiform regimes has long been a goal in microwave remote sensing of precipitation research. In this essence, a dual polarized radar based indexing scheme that provides information on convective and stratiform (C/S) rain regimes has been presented in correspondence with advanced microwave scanning radiometer – earth observing system (AMSR-E) GSFC profiling algorithm estimate of convective rain percentage. The dual polarized radar based C/S indexing scheme first retrieves the normalized gamma drop size distribution parameters, median volume drop diameter (D₀) and concentration parameter (N_w), from dual polarized radar measurements Z_H and Z_DR, representing reflectivity and differential reflectivity respectively, by means of the genetic programming approach. Next, the C/S rain index is calculated based on the formulation of an empirical relation in N_w–D₀ domain. The scheme has been inspected and applied on measurements from the S-band Chilbolton dual polarized radar. A considerable number of “coincident” cases from the radar and the AMSR-E observations are investigated. It has been revealed that the dual polarized radar based C/S rain indexing is in a similar pattern with the AMSR-E GSFC profiling algorithm estimate of convective rain percentage. Generally, as C/S rain index value increases, which signifies a stratiform to convective trend, the AMSR-E convective rain percentage also increases.     

TBCC飞行器发动机尺寸选型及爬升策略设计

针对临近空间高速飞行器爬升航迹问题，提出了一种涡轮冲压组合发动机尺寸选型的依据和一种固体火箭助推器辅助加速的爬升策略。以本文设计的一型临近空间高速飞行器为原型，基于hp自适应Radau伪谱法开展爬升航迹优化研究，将最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题，以爬升消耗燃料质量最小为目标，利用序列二次规划算法求解最优航迹。在此基础上，分析了涡轮冲压组合发动机尺寸选型和采用固体火箭助推器加速爬升策略对爬升航迹和巡航航程的影响。结果表明，选取合理的发动机尺寸和助推器辅助爬升策略，均可有效减少飞行器爬升消耗燃料质量，提升巡航航程。     

某型直升机轮毂涡流检测探头主要参数的确定

为检测某型直升机轮毂裂纹,需要设计专用涡流探头。根据某型直升机轮毂形状及裂纹特点,认为涡流探头设计的关键在于线圈尺寸和匝数的选取,由理论分析和试验说明了确定线圈尺寸和匝数的方法,并设计了专用探头,通过实际应用证明效果良好。     

飞机典型结构（紧固孔）原始疲劳质量研究

 本文介绍了一个定量地确定飞机结构细节（紧固孔）的原始疲劳质量的工程方法。用“当量初始缺陷尺寸分布”表征在一个或多个结构细节中真实初始缺陷的当量影响。用“使用裂纹扩展控制曲线”描述这一分布的扩展规律。用“裂纹超出量概率”定量地确定细节疲劳开裂的损伤度。这一工程方法原则上也适用于其它的结构细节,如几何不连续处、圆角及耳片等。本文编制了参数优化的计算机程序,并进行了大量试验研究,计算结果证实了这一工程方法的适用性、     

具有拉伐尔喷口的离心喷嘴雾化锥角调整方法

本文根据液流在离心喷嘴拉伐尔喷口扩张流道内不遵循动量矩定律,雾化锥角不受喷嘴几何特性制约的性质,从工程观点,提出了用改变拉伐尔喷口流道壁面积,调整雾化锥角的方法,试验取得满意的结果.     

一种旋流式喷嘴的实验和数值研究

对一种小尺寸复杂结构的旋流式喷嘴进行了实验和数值研究，实验研究中确定了喷嘴前后压差与流量间的对应关系，数值研究中应用VOF方法对喷嘴内三维气液两相流动进行了计算，并与实验结果做了比较，二者吻合较好，而后应用该算法对喷嘴在不同结构尺寸下的流动过程进行了计算，对比分析后发现，旋流室及旋流器的结构和尺寸均会对喷嘴出口速度产生影响，但只有旋流器螺旋升角和槽道数目才会对喷嘴雾化角产生显著影响。