结构动力学拓扑优化局部模态现象分析

使用拓扑优化技术进行结构自然频率最大化设计时的主要问题是结构空洞区域可能出现的局部模态现象。采用刚度矩阵和质量矩阵求解动力学特征方程,通过算例分析了结构密度差异、惩罚因子对自然频率和模态的影响以及局部模态现象产生的原因。结果表明,由于实体各向同性材料惩罚函数法(SIMP)使用了指数惩罚因子,空洞区域的密度与刚度差异远远大于实体区域,导致空洞区域局部模态的产生。分析了局部模态的产生过程,给出了结构自然频率和模态相对实体-孔洞区域密度的比值以及惩罚因子的变化趋势。同时,基于传统体胞微结构均匀化等效模型方法,提出了描述结构空洞区域的多种体胞微结构,计算证实这些微结构形式均可有效地避免局部模态的发生。     

多相多孔材料/结构的集成优化设计

采用均匀化方法,以宏观结构柔顺度为优化目标,开展了多相多孔材料/结构的集成优化设计。借鉴仿生思想,提出两尺度材料/结构构成模型,归纳出微结构精细设计的选择判据。结合伪密度法和周长控制消除了多相材料分布的棋盘格。采用分层优化方法并结合算例研究了实体材料模量相对比值、材料组分变化对优化结果的影响。计算结果说明所提出的结构构成模型能有效地应用于多相多孔材料/结构的优化设计,为新型多功能材料/结构的设计拓宽了思路。     

An efficient analytical homogenization technique for mechanical-hygrothermal responses of unidirectional composites with applications to optimization and multiscale analyses

The elasticity-based Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT) is extended to study the mechanical-hygrothermal behaviors of unidirectionally-reinforced composites. Based on the framework developed previously, thermal and moisture effects are incorporated into the LEHT to study the homogenized and localized responses of heterogeneous materials, which are validated using available analytical and numerical techniques. The LEHT programs are then encapsulated as subroutines with Input/Output (I/O) interfaces, to be readily applied in different computational scenarios. In order to illustrate the efficiency of the LEHT, the theory is firstly coupled to the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm in order to minimize the axial thermal expansion mismatch in hexagonal and square fiber arrays by tailoring the fiber volume fraction. The LEHT is then implemented into the lamination theory to study fabrication-induced residual stresses arising during the cool-down process which introduces local laminate stresses owing to thermo-mechanical property mismatch between plies. Both of these applications illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the LEHT in generating effective properties and local stress distributions, making the theory a golden standard in validating other analytical or numerical techniques as well as a reliable tool in composite design and practice for professionals and non-professionals alike.     

超大直径网格加筋筒壳快速屈曲分析方法

针对新一代重型运载火箭及大型飞机中存在的超大直径网格加筋壳结构,提出了一种快速屈曲分析方法。首先,基于渐进均匀化法的快速数值实现方法和瑞利-里兹法建立了快速屈曲分析框架,并通过与算例中等效刚度法屈曲载荷结果进行比较,验证了本文方法具有较高的预测精度。然后,对比了3种结构尺寸下网格加筋壳屈曲分析效率,结果表明本文方法不受结构尺寸影响,平均计算时间仅为6s,凸显了其用于超大直径结构分析的高效性。进而,基于本文方法对4种传统加筋构型及2种新型多级加筋构型进行屈曲载荷评估,其预测误差均在3.0%以内,表现出广泛的构型适用性。在此基础上,通过优化设计的方法对比了上述6种加筋构型的承载效率,优化结果表明本文提出的多级三角型加筋构型最具承载优势,相较于初始方案取得了82.2%的承载增幅,可作为一种新型超大直径网格加筋壳结构储备。     

Online feedback motion planning for spacecraft obstacle avoidance using positively invariant sets

This paper investigates a novel reliable feedback motion planning algorithm for steering a spacecraft to the desired position while satisfying dynamics and environmental constraints, such as actuator constraints, unexpected state constraints, bounded disturbances, etc. The proposed algorithm, termed safeRRT1, applies positively invariant (PI) set transitions to an online sampling approach based on the asymptotically optimal rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT1). A time-varying safe corridor is generated which consists of a sequence of PI sets under the instantaneous constraints. A spacecraft is guaranteed to remain within the corridor when the feedback controllers corresponding to the PI set transitions are executed. Simulations of the spacecraft avoiding obstacles validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed safeRRT1 algorithm.     

面向多级加筋壳的高效变保真度代理模型

多级加筋壳结构作为一种新颖的航空航天薄壁结构,具有轻质、高承载的优势。由于其加筋结构复杂,导致基于高保真度模型的多级加筋壳后屈曲分析耗时较长,提高其后屈曲分析及优化效率对于多级加筋壳快速设计具有重要的意义。变保真度模型在复杂工程问题的设计与优化过程中得到了广泛的应用,其通过桥函数连接高保真度模型和低保真度模型,具有预测精度高和计算成本低的优点。首先建立了多级加筋壳结构的高保真度模型和低保真度模型,并基于高斯过程回归构建了多级加筋壳结构的变保真度模型,然后基于变保真度模型的最大均方根误差方法开展自适应加点。结果表明,在达到同样的较高预测精度水平时,基于提出方法构建的变保真度模型比直接采用高保真度模型构建的代理模型节约了60%的计算成本,表现出优异的效率优势。同时,还探讨了不同类型低保真度模型对于多级加筋壳结构变保真度模型预测精度的影响。分析结果表明,对于多级加筋壳承载力评估这类典型的后屈曲问题,建立可捕捉后屈曲特性的低保真度模型能有效提升变保真度模型的精度。     

含细观孔隙Al/Al2O3梯度功能材料弹性模量研究

利用渐近均匀化方法对含细观孔隙Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料(FGM)的弹性模量进行了研究。通过与实验对比,验证了渐近均匀化方法预测含细观孔隙Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料弹性模量的可行性,并在忽略孔隙个数等次要因素的情况下,拟合得到了与孔隙率和Al_2O_3体积分数相关的含细观孔隙Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料弹性模量的预测公式。研究结果表明:细观孔隙在Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料的弹性模量预测中并不能被忽略。在相同孔隙率下,孔隙的个数对Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料的弹性模量影响较小,而孔隙的大小和位置对弹性模量有着明显的影响,在Al_2O_3的任何体积分数下,Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料的弹性模量含随机孔隙的均低于均匀分布孔隙的。孔隙率也对Al/Al_2O_3梯度功能材料的弹性模量有着明显的影响,随着孔隙率的增加,材料的弹性模量逐渐下降,且随Al_2O_3体积分数的增加下降幅度增大。     

Modeling of Heat Conduction in Thermoplastic Honeycomb Core/Face Sheet Fusion Bonding

Honeycomb sandwich materials have been widely used in aerospace industry as secondary structural materials or interior panels. Recently the research of full thermoplastic honeycomb sandwich materials has been of interest due to their recyclability. In their production, they usually demand an adhesive-free process, namely fusion bonding, to connect thermoplastic honeycomb core and face sheets. It is a heat induced process where a parameter of temperature should be well controlled to guarantee the product quality. This article presents a mathematical model of heat conduction to analyze the transient temperature distribution from heating tools towards inner part of the core under fusion bonding conditions. In order to simplify the complexity of 3D honeycomb geometry, a homogenization method is used to obtain average thermal properties of the honeycomb along the major heat flux direction. The model is validated by comparing with the results of in-situ temperature measurement during fusion bonding. The presented model can also be applied to analyzing general out-of-plane heat conduction through honeycomb sandwich structures made from other materials.     

IN783合金均匀化处理工艺研究

研究IN783合金显微组织及析出相,测定偏析相的初熔点温度.通过对不同温度、时间均匀化处理后合金试样中Nb元素的偏析程度以及β相的细化情况分析,确定IN783合金均匀化处理工艺.     

基于能量法的微结构拓扑优化设计(英文)

提出了基于能量法的微结构灵敏度计算和构型优化新方法,与均匀化方法相比,虽然本质相同,但计算效率高、且软件实现更加简便。本文以微结构等效弹性矩阵各分量的不同组合为设计目标,采用对偶凸规划方法结合周长约束策略进行二维、三维微结构构型优化设计。算例结果表明,采用能量法的微结构优化方法与均匀化方法具有相同的效果,不仅能获得具有极端特性构型的材料微结构,而且具有推导简洁、编程简单的优点。