不同阳极氧化工艺对铝制件疲劳强度的影响

研究了硫酸阳极氧化和铬酸阳极氧化工艺对LY12CZ板材、LC9CS棒材在中值寿命区疲劳强度的影响。结果表明，两种阳极氧化工艺对铝制件的疲劳强度都有影响，但硫酸阳极氧化对铝制件疲劳强度的影响比铬酸阳极氧化要大。     

新型Sip/4032Al复合材料热物理性能研究

采用挤压铸造方法,制备了高体积分数的Si_p/4032Al复合材料。显微组织观察表明,复合材料组织致密,颗粒分布均匀,材料中没观察到孔洞和缺陷;复合材料的线膨胀系数介于(8．1～12)×10~(-6)/K之间可调,并且随着增强体含量的增加而降低,退火后线膨胀系数略有降低,Kerner模型能够较好的预测复合材料的线膨胀系数;复合材料的热导率可达103 W/(m·K),随着增强体含量的增加略有下降,退火处理后热导率略有升高,热导率计算结果均大于测试值。     

舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统性能分析

文章提出了一种舱外航天服冷热电一体化(Combined Cooling-Heating-Power,CCHP)系统,该系统的主要组件有质子交换膜燃料电池、热驱制冷装置、金属氢化物储氢装置和辐射器等.在冷热电一体化系统的冷电匹配方法上提出了“以电定冷”方案,按照该方案计算了一组典型工况下系统的工作状态,分析了燃料电池的工作温度、工作电流密度和工作压力对系统质量和消耗性工质损失的影响.结果表明,该舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统在质量大小方面可以接受,在消耗性工质损失方面比水升华器冷源/蓄电池电源方案小得多;且降低燃料电池工作温度和压力、增大燃料电池工作电流密度,均能够减小系统质量、降低系统消耗性工质损失.     

Mechanical properties study of particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites by micro-indentation experiments

By using instrumental micro-indentation technique, the microhardness and Young's modulus of SiC particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites were investigated with microcompression-tester(MCT). The micro-indentation experiments were performed with different maximum loads, and with three loading speeds of 2.231, 4.462 and 19.368 mN/s respectively. During the investigation, matrix, particle and interface were tested by micro-indentation experiments. The results exhibit that the variations of Young's modulus and microhardness at particle, matrix and interface were highly dependent on the loading conditions(maximum load and loading speed) and the locations of indentation. Micro-indentation hardness experiments of matrix show the indentation size effects, i.e. the indentation hardness decreased with the indentation depth increasing. During the analysis, the effect of loading conditions on Young's modulus and microhardness were explained. Besides, the elastic–plastic properties of matrix were analyzed. The validity of calculated results was identified by finite element simulation. And the simulation results had been preliminarily analyzed from statistical aspect.     

航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。     

铝水推进剂用高活性铝基燃料制备及水解性能研究

采用机械球磨法制备了一系列高活性铝基燃料,并通过XRD、SEM和水解性能测试考察了盐和氢化物掺杂对铝合金性能的影响。结果表明,氢化物(盐)的加入明显改善了铝合金水解性能。以Al-10%Bi-10%MgH2合金水解为例,1 g该合金水解产生783 ml/g氢气(不包含0.1 g的MgH2水解产生的167 ml氢气),氢气生成速率为78.3 ml/(min.g),远远超过Al-16%Bi合金氢气产量(670 ml/g)和氢气生成速率(23 ml/(min.g))。氢化物(盐)的作用在于:(1)在球磨过程中,氢化物(盐)有利于减小铝基燃料的粒径;(2)氢化物(盐)溶解产生的热量有利于改善铝基燃料的水解动力学;(3)氢化物(盐)溶解产生大量的导电性离子,促进了铝基燃料在水中迅速形成微型腐蚀电池,并加快微型腐蚀电池工作。     

Multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 3D angle-interlock woven aluminum composites subjected to warp/weft directional tension loading

The mechanical behavior and progressive damage mechanism of novel aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 3D angle-interlock woven carbon fibers were investigated using a multiscale modeling approach. The mechanical properties and failure of yarns were evaluated using a microscale model under different loading scenarios. On this basis, a mesoscale model was developed to analyze the tensile behavior and failure mechanism of the composites. The interfacial decohesion, matrix damage, and failure of fibers and yarns were incorporated into the microscopic and mesoscopic models. The stress–strain curves and fracture modes from simulation show good agreement with the experimental curves and fracture morphology. Local interface and matrix damage initiate first under warp directional tension. Thereafter, interfacial failure, weft yarn cracking, and matrix failure occur successively. Axial fracture of warp yarn, which displays a quasi-ductile fracture characteristic, dominates the ultimate composites failure. Under weft directional tension, interfacial failure and warp yarn rupture occur at the early and middle stages. Matrix failure and weft yarn fracture emerge simultaneously at the final stage, leading to the cata-strophic failure of composites. The weft directional strength and fracture strain are lower than the warp directional ones because of the lower weft density and the more serious brittle fracture of weft yarns.     

工业供应态LY12铝合金的超塑性

对工业供应态LY12铝合金棒材的超塑性进行了研究。结果表明 :该合金在温度为 75 3K、应变速率为 3.3× 10 - 4s- 1的拉伸变形条件下 ,断裂延伸率为 313% ,应变速率敏感性指数m值约为 0 .33;断裂延伸率的实验值与Ghosh Ayres公式的理论值吻合 ;超塑性变形的主导机制符合Langdon大晶粒模型     

镁铝贫氧推进剂的能量分析

利用冲压发动机热力计算程序，对镁铝中能贫氧推进剂的能量特性进行了系统研究，并探讨了高能级分对该类贫氧推进剂能量性能的影响，研究结果表明，在镁铝中能贫氧推进剂中增加镁粉含量（或减少铝粉含量）贫氧推进剂的比冲下降，在一定空燃比范围内，增加空燃比有助于提高冲压发动机的比冲。提高贫氧推进剂中ＣＬ－２０和硼粉含量，可以显著提高共能量，而采用叠氮类含能粘合剂取代惰性粘合剂时贫氧推进剂的比冲降低。     

在不同温度下LD10和C／E材料的力学性能的试验研究

本文测量了ＬＤ１０ＣＳ铝合金和碳纤维／环氧树脂复合材料（Ｃ／Ｅ）在低温，室温和中温下的力学性质计算了力学性能的标准误差和分散系数，分析了温度对材料力学性能的影响和破坏过程，可供工程设计人员和力学工作者参考。