LF6超塑性变形断裂研究

研究了LF6铝合金超塑性变形中的显微组织变化及断口形貌特征。试验结果证明空洞主要在三角界处形核。变形量增加，空洞不断长大，同时有新的空洞产生。晶界滑动是引起空洞长大的主要原因。合金有高的应变速率敏感性，能抑制空洞沿横向晶界的扩展和连接。仅在变形后期，空洞才因试样薄弱处局部应力的增加沿横向晶界大范围扩展连接，并导致合金断裂。变形过程中晶粒的长大和伸长会促使空洞的形核。文中给出了合金超塑性变形断裂的物理模型。     

Fouling corrosion in aluminum heat exchangers

Fouling deposits on aluminum heat exchanger reduce the heat transfer efficiency and cause corrosion to the apparatus.This study focuses on the corrosive behavior of aluminum coupons covered with a layer of artificial fouling in a humid atmosphere by their weight loss,Tafel plots,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),and scanning electron microscope(SEM)observations.The results reveal that chloride is one of the major elements found in the fouling which damages the passive film and initiates corrosion.The galvanic corrosion between the metal and the adjacent carbon particles accelerates the corrosive process.Furthermore,the black carbon favors the moisture uptake,and gives the dissolved oxygen greater chance to migrate through the fouling layer and form a continuous diffusive path.The corrosion rate decreasing over time is conformed to electrochemistry measurements and can be verified by Faraday’s law.The EIS results indicate that the mechanism of corrosion can be interpreted by the pitting corrosion evolution mechanism,and that pitting was observed on the coupons by SEM after corrosive exposure.     

铝液在多孔介质中渗流时气体反压力模型的研究

本文研究了铝液在多孔介质中快速糁流的特点，建立了在渗流法制备多孔泡沫铝合金时的型腔内气体反压力模型，该模型使计算结果更接近实际浇注情产况，研究表明气体反压力与多孔介质的透过率（即孔隙率和孔径）、渗流速度、渗流长度有关。通过对渗流过程的渗流和传热进行耦合数值计算，并经实际浇注验证，说明数值计算基本合理，对最终优化渗流工艺具有实际意义。     

2524铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺

以2524-T3板材作为试验材料,研究了薄板的搅拌摩擦焊对接工艺,优化了对接焊的工艺参数,获得了焊接工艺窗口及最优工艺参数.在最优工艺参数下生产的对接焊件具有良好的质量外观,焊件的变形量和焊缝减薄量极小;焊件的X射线检测结果表明焊件内部质量良好,没有在照片上发现缺陷;金相组织分析显示,焊缝横截面组织均匀致密;焊接接头静力拉伸性能测试结果表明焊缝抗拉强度的平均为397 MPa,为母材抗拉强度的90.4％.     

重型火箭贮箱大型结构制造技术现状及发展分析

大型结构件制造技术是发展重型运载火箭的关键技术之一,直径8～9m级重型运载火箭大型贮箱将带来成型、焊接装配等工艺和装备方面新的制造技术挑战.吸取以往人类历史上研制经验教训,有助于权衡大型结构件制造实现和制造经济性.需开展先进制造技术升级,加强大型轻质化结构制造技术和装备技术基础,适应发展要求.     

Mechanical properties study of particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites by micro-indentation experiments

By using instrumental micro-indentation technique, the microhardness and Young's modulus of SiC particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites were investigated with microcompression-tester(MCT). The micro-indentation experiments were performed with different maximum loads, and with three loading speeds of 2.231, 4.462 and 19.368 mN/s respectively. During the investigation, matrix, particle and interface were tested by micro-indentation experiments. The results exhibit that the variations of Young's modulus and microhardness at particle, matrix and interface were highly dependent on the loading conditions(maximum load and loading speed) and the locations of indentation. Micro-indentation hardness experiments of matrix show the indentation size effects, i.e. the indentation hardness decreased with the indentation depth increasing. During the analysis, the effect of loading conditions on Young's modulus and microhardness were explained. Besides, the elastic–plastic properties of matrix were analyzed. The validity of calculated results was identified by finite element simulation. And the simulation results had been preliminarily analyzed from statistical aspect.     

航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。     

铝合金阀门壳体交叉孔数控去毛刺的工艺优化与应用

随着火箭增压输送系统的阀门制造任务日益繁重，阀门零件交叉孔毛刺的去除急需稳定有效的工艺方法。为实现运载火箭铝合金阀门壳体交叉孔相贯线毛刺稳定高效的去除，提出了一种使用过孔刀数控加工去除交叉孔毛刺的工艺方法。设计了过孔刀数控加工去毛刺试验方案，研究了交叉孔相贯线毛刺去除原理，分析了工艺参数对毛刺去除质量的影响规律，得出了铝合金阀门壳体的交叉孔毛刺去除的最优工艺参数。研究表明，该方法能在交叉孔相贯线位置形成过渡圆角，实现了铝合金交叉孔毛刺稳定高效的去除，在航天阀门产品应用中取得了良好的加工效果。     

航空钛合金紧固件铝涂层性能规范研究

通过比较美国宇航标准NAS 4006、波音公司的BMS 10-85以及美国Hi-Shear公司的Hi-Shear 294三份航空钛合金紧固件铝涂层规范之间的异同,对3份标准在铝涂层各项性能的评价上的特点和存在的问题进行了讨论,同时指出了国产钛合金紧固件铝涂层与国外先进铝涂层的差距,为未来我国铝涂层规范的制订以及航空钛合金紧固件铝涂层的研究提供了建议。     

Multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 3D angle-interlock woven aluminum composites subjected to warp/weft directional tension loading

The mechanical behavior and progressive damage mechanism of novel aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 3D angle-interlock woven carbon fibers were investigated using a multiscale modeling approach. The mechanical properties and failure of yarns were evaluated using a microscale model under different loading scenarios. On this basis, a mesoscale model was developed to analyze the tensile behavior and failure mechanism of the composites. The interfacial decohesion, matrix damage, and failure of fibers and yarns were incorporated into the microscopic and mesoscopic models. The stress–strain curves and fracture modes from simulation show good agreement with the experimental curves and fracture morphology. Local interface and matrix damage initiate first under warp directional tension. Thereafter, interfacial failure, weft yarn cracking, and matrix failure occur successively. Axial fracture of warp yarn, which displays a quasi-ductile fracture characteristic, dominates the ultimate composites failure. Under weft directional tension, interfacial failure and warp yarn rupture occur at the early and middle stages. Matrix failure and weft yarn fracture emerge simultaneously at the final stage, leading to the cata-strophic failure of composites. The weft directional strength and fracture strain are lower than the warp directional ones because of the lower weft density and the more serious brittle fracture of weft yarns.