Ni3Al金属间化合物中空位团稳定构型的计算机模拟研究

本文采用分子动力学方法,对金属间化合物Ni3Al中的点缺陷进行了计算机模拟研究,其中原子间相互作用势采用F-S多体势.通过计算Ni3Al中各种构型的空位团的形成能及结合能,进而分析比较各种构型的空位团的稳定性以及热平衡时的数量,总结了Ni3Al中空位的聚集规律.     

Cutting path-dependent machinability of SiCp/Al composite under multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting

Particle-tool interactions, which govern the synergetic deformation of SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites under mechanical machining, strongly depend on the geometry of particle position residing on cutting path. In the present work, we investigate the influence of cutting path on the machinability of a SiCp/Al composite in multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting by combining finite element simulations with experimental observations and characterization. Be consistent with experimentally characterized microstructures, the simulated SiCp/Al composite is considered to be composed of randomly distributed polygonally-shaped SiC particles with a volume fraction of 25vol%. A multi-step cutting strategy with depths of cut ranging from 2 to 10 μm is adopted to achieve an ultimate depth of cut of 10 μm. Intrinsic material parameters and extrinsic cutting conditions utilized in finite element simulations of SiCp/Al cutting are consistent with those used in corresponding experiments. Simulation results reveal different particle-tool interactions and failure modes of SiC particles, as well as their correlations with machining force evolution, residual stress distribution and machined surface topography. A detailed comparison between numerical simulation results and experimental data of multi-step diamond cutting of SiCp/Al composite reveals a substantial impact of the number of cutting steps on particle-tool interactions and machined surface quality. These findings provide guidelines for achieving high surface finish of SiCp/Al composites by ultra-precision diamond cutting.     

A review of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites

SiCp/Al composites have excellent comprehensive properties and have been widely used in aerospace, automotive industry and other fields. Due to the huge difference in performance between SiC particles and matrix alloys, traditional fusion welding methods are difficult to meet the join requirements of SiCp/Al composites. Friction stir joining (friction stir welding), as a solid phase joining process, has been proved to be a new technology with fine prospect in joining SiCp/Al composites compared with fusion welding process. Although some progress has been made in recent years, there are still full of challenges. In this paper, the research status of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites in recent years is expatiated, including the weldability of SiCp/Al composites, the macrostructure and the microstructure of joints, mechanical properties of joints, and tool wear and monitoring. Furthermore, the existing challenges of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites are summarized and the future development directions are prospected.     

钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊技术研究进展

钛合金和铝合金均具有质轻、比强度高和抗腐蚀性能好等优点,已广泛应用于航空航天、军事工业和公共交通等领域,钛/铝异种金属复合结构的连接逐渐成为研究热点。然而,由于物理和化学性能差异明显,钛/铝焊接难度大,存在成形困难、接头性能较差等问题。搅拌摩擦焊作为一种固相焊接方法,对克服异种材料性能差异带来的焊接困难具有极大的优势。本文综述了钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,主要涉及焊缝成形、焊接参数、力学特征、冶金结合和连接机制等,以及衍生的搅拌摩擦焊新技术,为钛/铝异质金属结构的轻量化设计提供新思路,并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

复合材料在长焦距空间光学遥感器上的应用

对碳纤维增强聚合材料(CFRP)和碳化硅颗粒增强铝基(SiCp/Al)复合材料在空间光学遥感器的应用进行了介绍,并以某长焦距空间光学遥感器的主支撑结构为例,对应用不同材料时遥感器的质量、固有频率、热位移等进行了研究。研究结果表明:应用复合材料能够使主支撑结构质量降为278kg,从而降低发射成本;结构具有较大的刚度,固有频率为156.09Hz,满足设计指标;可以更加有效控制结构热变形引起的光学元件刚体位移,提高成像品质。文章对复合材料更好地应用于长焦距空间光学遥感器,具有一定的参考价值。     

高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料高温压缩界面研究

采用无压浸渗制备出高体积分数SiCp/Al多功能复合材料。对该复合材料进行了高温(高于基体熔点)压缩实验。利用XRD和TEM观察了SiCp/Al复合材料的界面结构,分析了高温压缩对复合材料界面的影响,研究了复合材料的复合机理。结果表明:高温压缩后的SiCp/Al复合材料的界面过渡层连续且厚度均匀,过渡层宽度减小了一个数量级;复合材料SiCp/Al界面结合机制包括扩散、位向和反应结合机制,复合材料SiCp/Al界面的这些结合机制,导致了增强相与基体之间很强的界面结合;复合材料的断裂方式为颗粒断裂,SiC增强颗粒与Al基体结合良好。     

微量Al 掺杂对2D C/ SiC 性能的影响

以二维编织碳纤维碳布为预制体,采用聚铝碳硅烷(PACS)为聚合物前驱体,应用化学气相渗透(CVI)结合聚合物浸渗-裂解(PIP)工艺制备微量Al掺杂2D C/SiC复合材料。研究微量Al掺杂对C/SiC微观结构、力学、热膨胀和氧-乙炔焰烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明:掺杂微量Al未改变C/SiC的微观结构和热膨胀性能,也未降低其韧性和强度;但微量Al掺杂提高了C/SiC的抗烧蚀性能,含微量Al的SiC氧化形成微量Al熔于SiO2的固熔体,微量Al提高了SiO2的黏度和致密度,减小SiO2挥发,较未掺杂Al的C/SiC相比,线烧蚀率降低了26%。     

2014铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝的拉锻式摩擦塞补焊

采用拉锻式摩擦塞补焊方法对4mm厚的2014铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头缺陷进行了补焊,焊后对塞补焊接头的微观组织和拉伸性能进行了分析。研究结果表明,摩擦塞补焊接头分为焊缝区、热影响区和母材区三部分,焊缝由细小的等轴再结晶组织构成。选择合适的焊接参数和接头结构,塞补焊接头的抗拉强度可以达到330MPa以上,达到或超过搅拌摩擦焊接头强度。塞补焊接头微观硬度分析表明,塞补焊后接头焊缝区硬度较高,但整体硬度变化不大。     

热控涂层电子辐照效应

研究防静电Kapton二次表面镜(ITO/Kapton/Al)、S781白漆两种典型热控涂层,在不同能量电子辐照后太阳吸收比退化情况,并利用X射线光电子能谱和扫描电子显微镜对样品表面的成分和形貌进行了分析。结果表明:相同电子注量下,不同能量电子对样品的太阳吸收比退化作用程度是有区别的。而样品光谱反射率、表面形貌、表面成分的损伤效应类似,说明不同能量电子辐照下,样品的退化机理是一致的。     

采用Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni真空钎焊Ti_3Al/Ti_3Al和Ti_3Al/GH536接头组织及性能

采用Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni在960℃/1min、960℃/10min和960℃/60min三种规范下真空钎焊Ti3Al/Ti3Al,在960℃/5min和960℃/20min两种规范下真空钎焊Ti3Al/GH536。实验结果表明,随着保温时间的延长,Ti3Al/Ti3Al接头宽度逐渐增加,且剪切强度呈现递增趋势,递增幅度在10MPa左右,接头主要由Ti3Al,NiTi2,CuTi3等化合物相组成,其中NiTi2,CuTi3等脆性化合物的分布对接头性能影响较大;在Ti3Al/GH536接头中由于Fe-Ti,Ni-Ti等脆性化合物分布相对较多,导致出现纵向裂纹,960℃/5min规范下的平均剪切强度为86.4MPa。