A surface parametric control and global optimization method for axial flow compressor blades

An aerodynamic optimization method for axial flow compressor blades available for engineering is developed in this paper. Bezier surface is adopted as parameterization method to control the suction surface of the blades, which brings the following advantages:(A) significantly reducing design variables;(B) easy to ensure the mechanical strength of rotating blades;(C) better physical understanding;(D) easy to achieve smooth surface. The Improved Artificial Bee Colony(IABC) algorithm, which significantly increases the convergence speed and global optimization ability, is adopted to find the optimal result. A new engineering optimization tool is constructed by combining the surface parametric control method, the IABC algorithm, with a verified Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation method, and it has been successfully applied in the aerodynamic optimization for a single-row transonic rotor(Rotor 37) and a single-stage transonic axialflow compressor(Stage 35). With the constraint that the relative change in the flow rate is less than0.5% and the total pressure ratio does not decrease, within the acceptable time in engineering, the adiabatic efficiency of Rotor 37 at design point increases by 1.02%, while its surge margin 0.84%,and the adiabatic efficiency of Stage 35 0.54%, while its surge margin 1.11% after optimization, to verify the effectiveness and potential in engineering of this new tool for optimization of axial compressor blade.     

翼身融合布局飞机机体-发动机气动干扰效应

翼身融合（BWB）布局飞机是一种相对较新的飞行器概念，具有商业运输飞机的潜在用途。研究表明，翼身融合布局客机可获得比常规布局客机更好的性能。但是，由于各方面限制，BWB飞机不宜使用传统的机翼安装或机身安装的发动机布局，发动机背部安装成为首选布局。然而，背部安装发动机容易产生激波、分离、进气畸变等空气动力干扰问题，发动机与机身一体化的气动设计已成为BWB飞机发展的关键技术。针对BWB布局飞机的机体和发动机之间的气动干扰进行了数值研究，结果表明，背部安装发动机对BWB布局飞机的全机气动特性和发动机本身的推力性能都会产生较为明显的影响。     

Aerodynamics of smart flap under ground effect

Aerodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional smart flap under the ground effect have been assessed by a numerical simulation. In this process, a pressure-based implicit procedure to solve Navier–Stokes equations on a nonorthogonal mesh with collocated finite volume formulation is used. The boundedness criteria for this procedure are determined from the Normalized Variable Diagram (NVD) scheme. The procedure incorporates the k–ε eddy–viscosity turbulence model. Cantilever beam with uniformly varying load with roller support at the free end is considered for the configuration of the smart flap. The method is first validated against experimental data. Then, the algorithm is applied for turbulent aerodynamic flows around airfoil with smart and conventional flaps for different attack angle, flap angle and ground clearance where the results of two flaps are compared. The comparisons show that the quality of the solution is considerable.     

基于椭圆空腔虚拟势场的航天器集群控制方法

航天器集群由多个航天器在空间轨道上近距离飞行,进行信息交换,并相互协同共同完成空间任务。航天器集群作为智能集群在空间领域的表现形式,是智能集群的重要组成部分。当前,许多空间科学研究机构提出了多个航天器集群的研究计划,如 ANTS计划、APIES计划等。文章以在小行星带探测航天器集群为研究对象,提出了航天器集群的自组织控制方法,利用虚拟势场力使得与这个参考航天器构成最大距离可控的空间构型,从而保 证了航天器集群中的所有航天器共同构成松散空间构型。     

航母中程对潜防御区声呐舰配置方法

针对航母中程对潜防御区声呐舰配置问题,在分析航渡过程中航母受敌导弹攻击威胁的基础上,从有效应 对敌潜艇导弹攻击,保障航母安全的要求出发,对中程对潜防御区声呐舰的配置问题进行了研究,提出了中程对潜 防御区声呐舰的配置原则和方法,对航母编队反潜作战的兵力配置具有重要的参考指导作用。     

动力失效对起飞纵向气动特性影响数值研究

研究民用飞机动力失效对飞机起飞阶段纵向气动特性的影响规律及其机理,对保证飞机有效操纵和安全飞行具有重要意义.采用在点对点多块结构化网格系统上求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,研究发动机动力失效对某民用飞机起飞构型纵向气动特性的影响.通过DLR-F11模型验证研究方法对民用飞机高升力构型气动特性的预测能力;针对安装动力短舱的某翼吊涡扇发动机民用飞机起飞构型,通过对比其发动机在正常工况和失效时飞机气动特性的差异,得出动力失效对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律及机理.结果表明:动力失效后,不但溢流效应会使飞机阻力系数增大;还会导致发动机进、排气特性较正常工作状态明显不同,恶化短舱附近流场,对飞机的升力、失速特性带来不利影响.     

高超声速轴对称再入机动飞行器气动外形设计与布局研究

为设计大气层内大范围机动、可实现急速拐弯与下压、终端飞行参数可调的高超声速轴对称再入机动飞行器气动外形,针对总体、控制等相关专业的工程研制需求,在剖析机动飞行法向加速度、机动配平能力和机动距离产生机理的基础上,通过经风洞试验修正过的无粘数值计算方法,得到了锥体与翼身组合体气动特性,分析得出了细长双锥体加四个全动式三角形空气舵是满足较高升力和升阻比、静稳定裕度合理、较高舵面效率和较小负载力矩等高超声速机动飞行要求的最佳气动外形;采用混合水平的正交设计法,得到各外形因素影响机动性能的规律和极差值.据此,开展风洞试验,选择出了满足工程研制总体技术指标要求的最优气动外形,并验证了理论预测的合理性.此外,针对优选出的+字布局与×字布局两种不同的布局形式,从舵面控制方式、舵面效率、机动性能和航向稳定性等方面进行了分析与比较,得到×字布局在升力、升阻比、舵面控制效率、静稳定裕度等方面均优于+字布局但工程实现相对复杂的结论.     

垂直/短矩起降飞机机翼内埋式风扇布局气动特性分析

以垂直/短距起降飞机过渡飞行状态为背景,针对机翼内埋式风扇布局的自由来流/风扇喷流混合型流动,基于结构/非结构混合网格使用CFD方法进行了非定常数值模拟和分析.首先使用滑移网格技术对NASA涵道螺旋桨进行算例验证,其时均计算结果与实验值的误差为5.3%,证明了计算方法的可靠性和准确性,然后数值模拟了机翼内埋式风扇布局在不同迎角下的气动性能.结果表明:风扇喷流在机翼上产生了特有的“抽吸”和“堵塞”效应,引起了机翼总升阻力的显著增加,升力最大增量达到干净机翼升力的2.6倍,阻力最大增量为干净机翼阻力的3.2倍,混合流场在机翼后缘引起了升力损失并卷起对涡.      

Design and implementation of rigid-flexible coupling for a half-flexible single jack nozzle

The aerodynamic design of a rigid-flexible coupling profile is the decisive factor for the flow-field quality of a supersonic free jet wind tunnel nozzle, and its mechanic dynamic features are the key for engineering implementation of continuous Mach number regulations. To fulfill the requirements of a free jet inlet/engine compatibility test within a wide simulation envelop, both uni-form flow-fields of continuous acceleration and deceleration are necessary. In this paper, the aero-dynamic design methods of an expansion wall and machinery implementation plan for the half-flexible single jack nozzle were researched. The profile control in nozzle flexible plate design was studied with a rigid-flexible coupling method. Design and calculations were performed with the help of numerical simulation. The technique of axial free stretching of the flexible plate was used to improve the matching performance between the designed elasticity profile and the theoretical one, and the rigid-flexible coupling structure was calibrated by wind tunnel tests. Results indicate that the flexible plate aerodynamic design method used here is effective and feasible. Via rigid-flexible coupling design, the flexible plate agrees with the rigid body very well, and continuous Mach number changes can be achieved during the tests. The nozzle’s exit flow-field uniformity meets the requirements of China Military Standard (GJB).     

直升机复合材料导电结构制造工艺

碳纤维复合材料的低电导率,使得直升机碳纤维复合材料结构加装的通信设备受到了影响,形成杂波,在一定程度上影响了通信设备的使用效果。为提升直升机碳纤维复合材料结构连接的导电率,以直升机复合材料尾梁为研究对象,通过提升复合材料尾梁设备接口与复合材料尾梁结构的接触性能以及复合材料尾梁自身的电导率,来大幅提升直升机碳纤维复合材料结构的导电率。经过多次验证并装机验证发现,直升机复合材料尾梁导电材料需连续,导电结构长度与电阻具有线性关系且可以通过对设备接口进行预处理的方式提升直升机复合材料尾梁的电导率。具体操作:(1)在导电方向上应连续铺放铜网,以保证导电结构的连续性;(2)在与其部位的成部件导电连接时,用于连接的铜片需要进行预处理,再与铜网进行锡焊连接,可以获得效果稳定的导电界面;(3)导电效果与导电通路的长度和预处理质量相关,基本属于线性关系。