机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化与评价方法

机载网络是航空电子系统实现信息传输与功能综合的关键组成,引入时间触发（TT）机制并安排合理通信调度可以有效保证机载网络实时可靠通信,但需要首先面对多种调度设计方法的选择问题。在总结了时间触发通信过程与特征的基础上,以时间触发以太网为分析对象,给出了基于可满足性模理论（SMT）、混合整数规划（MIP）和启发式算法等不同约束引导下的调度模型,并形成了基于强化学习（RL）的调度方法;从调度设计的求解能力与性能保障角度出发,建立了包括求解时间、可求解规模、传输延迟和调度模式的评价指标。以工业规模网络为研究案例对不同调度方法进行了验证分析,在评价指标的引导下对比分析了各种方法的适用场景,其中SMT方法可支持小规模案例,MIP方法具有明显的TT消息传输和调度求解运算优势,以遗传算法为典型的启发式方法和RL方法可实现大规模案例调度,虽然其TT延迟略高于MIP方法,但速率约束消息延迟优化程度分别达到7.97%和12.35%。在此基础上,进一步探讨了未来航电系统机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化技术的发展趋势。     

Optimal trajectory and downlink power control for multi-type UAV aerial base stations

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) enabled Aerial Base Stations (UABSs) have been studied widely in future communications. However, there are a series of challenges such as interference management, trajectory design and resource allocation in the scenarios of multi-UAV networks. Besides, different performances among UABSs increase complexity and bring many challenges. In this paper, the joint downlink transmission power control and trajectory design problem in multi-type UABSs communication network is investigated. In order to satisfy the signal to interference plus noise power ratio of users, each UABS needs to adjust its position and transmission power. Based on the interactions among multiple communication links, a non-cooperative Mean-Field-Type Game (MFTG) is proposed to model the joint optimization problem. Then, a Nash equilibrium solution is solved by two steps: first, the users in the given area are clustered to get the initial deployment of the UABSs; second, the Mean-Field Q (MFQ)-learning algorithm is proposed to solve the discrete MFTG problem. Finally, the effectiveness of the approach is verified through the simulations, which simplifies the solution process and effectively reduces the energy consumption of each UABS.     

基于可编程控制网关的一体化网络体系结构

当前IP网络和非IP网络长期共存,协议体系和通信体制互不相同,异构网络的互联互通困难.针对这个问题, 首先从异构网络间连接的关键节点——网关出发,通过将网关底层的数据转发和控制功能分离,并将网关上层的管控功能和应用服务功能抽取出来,提出了一种基于可编程控制网关的一体化网络体系结构.该系统结构将网络分为一体化网络协同管控单元、子网间可编程控制网关节点和异构子网3层,设计了基于典型异构网络的互联协议栈,以集成不同的网络协议.进一步在一体化网络构架的基础上,给出并分析了异构网络的抽象与描述、基于可编程网关的异构子网智能适配技术、一体化网络的资源管理与协同优化理论等关键技术.最后基于民用航空通信给出了一个异构互联示例,表明一体化网络体系结构的可行性.      

基于粒子滤波和似然比的接收机自主完好性监测算法

由于粒子滤波算法在处理非线性系统非高斯噪声问题具有较大的优势,提出将粒子滤波算法与对数似然比方法有机结合应用于接收机自主完好性监测(Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring,RAIM)中。通过粒子滤波算法对状态进行精确估计,利用对数似然比建立一致性检验统计量进行故障检测。在建立全量累加对数似然比和部分累加对数似然比检验统计值的基础上,通过比较系统各状态累加对数似然比和检测阈值之间的关系,进而对卫星故障进行检测。对算法进行了数学建模,描述了RAIM算法流程。通过实测数据对提出的RAIM算法进行验证,结果表明:粒子滤波在非高斯测量噪声情况下可以对GPS接收机状态进行精确的估计,利用对数似然比建立的一致性检验统计量能有效地检测并隔离故障卫星,验证了该算法应用于接收机自主完好性监测的可行性和有效性。     

一种极低载噪比高动态信号跟踪的线性预测器设计

针对深空通信高动态低载噪比微弱信号跟踪精度低、稳态均方性能差的问题,提出了一种高动态低载噪比信号跟踪的分级异构凸组合线性预测器算法,该算法将归一化最小均方算法(NLMS)和最小二乘算法(RLS)进行分级异构凸组合,给出了算法的结构、跟踪精度联合优化设计方案和最优参数选择的方法。在载噪比(CNR)为10~30dB-Hz、载波多普勒频移为-300~300kHz、多普勒频率变化率为-800~1200Hz/s、码速率为20bps条件下对分级异构凸组合线性预测器跟踪性能及跟踪精度指标(归一化均方根误差)进行了仿真。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该线性预测器与分级同构凸组合线性预测器相比,算法运算量减少、信号跟踪精度提高、收敛速度加快。因此,该新型结构线性预测有着良好的应用前景。     

自适应融合IMM的自主无线电载波跟踪算法

针对深空自主无线电接收技术中信噪比(SNR)未知的载波跟踪问题,提出了一种自适应融合的交互式多模型(IMM)算法,可以根据实际环境的信噪比自适应地调节IMM估计器的噪声方差,以实现对未知SNR信号的正常跟踪,并保证频率跟踪精度几乎不受初始噪声方差的影响。在分析系统收敛性的基础上,该算法采用模型概率自适应调整策略,根据系统收敛判断条件自适应地调整IMM模型集中各模型的概率,保证了系统的收敛性,提高了跟踪精度,与广泛使用的Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法相比,收敛时间缩短了一倍左右。     

Advanced high-order nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm for high-resolution wide-swath spaceborne SAR

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a well-established and powerful imaging technology that can provide high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface on a global scale. For future SAR systems, one of the key capabilities is to acquire images with both high-resolution and wide-swath. In parallel to the evolution of SAR sensors, more precise range models, and effective imaging algorithms are required. Due to the significant azimuth-variance of the echo signal in High-Resolution Wide-Swath (HRWS) SAR, two challenges have been faced in conventional imaging algorithms. The first challenge is constructing a precise range model of the whole scene and the second one is to develop an effective imaging algorithm since existing ones fail to process high-resolution and wide azimuth swath SAR data effectively. In this paper, an Advanced High-order Nonlinear Chirp Scaling (A-HNLCS) algorithm for HRWS SAR is proposed. First, a novel Second-Order Equivalent Squint Range Model (SOESRM) is developed to describe the range history of the whole scene, by introducing a quadratic curve to fit the deviation of the azimuth FM rate. Second, a corresponding algorithm is derived, where the azimuth-variance of the echo signal is solved by azimuth equalizing processing and accurate focusing is achieved through a high-order nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm. As a result, the whole scene can be accurately focused through one single imaging processing. Simulations are provided to validate the proposed range model and imaging algorithm.     

BCM的多阶段译码算法

针对在某些通信系统中对译码速度较高的需求,基于分组编码调制（BCM,Block Coding Modulation）的多级结构,给出了一种多级BCM的多阶段译码算法:从BCM中第一级分量码开始,根据BCM的级数逐阶段进行译码,针对每级分量码,采用软判决最大似然译码,直到最后一级分量码,从而降低了译码复杂度.仿真结果表明,与传统Viterbi译码算法相比,提出的多阶段译码算法的误码性能与其相当,信噪比较小时甚至更好,但译码复杂度远低于传统Viterbi译码方法.      

一种可控宽带直流放大器的设计

以80C51单片机和FPGA为控制核心,利用可控增益放大器AD603和可控编程放大器THS7001,设计了一种可控宽带直流放大器。通频带为(0～5)MHz和(0～10)MHz可选,增益调节范围为(0～60)dB,可驱动50Ω负载,输出22 V峰峰值信号。系统结构简单,界面友好。