IBM新一代System x服务器

2009年4月1日,IBM公司推出了新一代基于英特尔至强5500系列处理器的System x服务器以及相关软件.这些新的服务器和软件产品可以帮助客户更容易的进行虚拟计算,并且以更高的性能、更简化的管理和更高的使用率,大幅削减不断增长的运营成本.     

FARO推出新一代三维激光扫描仪和软件

工厂或建筑物的三维文件生成和储存等大规模成像任务需要数百次扫描,并且需要投入大量时间和资源.为了节约成本,这类大规模项目必须在尽可能短的时间内完成,并且保证高质量产出.新型Photon激光扫描仪可大大提高客户的生产力和产品质量,而Photon 120的远距离测量能力减少了重新摆放和设置设备的必要性.     

基于多分类器决策融合的印鉴真伪鉴别方法

印鉴的自动识别对于实验银行印鉴数字化及计算机管理，实现银行对公业务的通存通兑有重大意义，符合票据法的要求，是银行业发展的需要，本文研究了模式识别领域中印鉴识别这一问题，提出了特征抽取和分类的新方法，基于差图像的成分统计特征抽取方法，发展了骨架图像的结构特征抽取方法，提出了特征点距离特征和笔划曲率特征内两种新的有效特征，本文提出了基于支持向量机（support vector machine,SVM)多分类器融合印鉴鉴别的方法，试验结果表明，本文的方法大大提高了印鉴的鉴别能力和可靠性，效果令人满意。     

Magnetism, iron minerals, and life on Mars

A short critical review is provided on two questions linking magnetism and possible early life on Mars: (1) Did Mars have an Earth-like internal magnetic field, and, if so, during which period and was it a requisite for life? (2) Is there a connection between iron minerals in the martian regolith and life? We also discuss the possible astrobiological implications of magnetic measurements at the surface of Mars using two proposed instruments. A magnetic remanence device based on magnetic field measurements can be used to identify Noachian age rocks and lightning impacts. A contact magnetic susceptibility probe can be used to investigate weathering rinds on martian rocks and identify meteorites among the small regolith rocks. Both materials are considered possible specific niches for microorganisms and, thus, potential astrobiological targets. Experimental results on analogues are presented to support the suitability of such in situ measurements.     

Europe's major challenge for the 21st century: Access to space

Like the other great space powers of the 21st century, Europe has its own means of accessing space: Ariane, which has guaranteed its independence in the launching of civil and military satellites for almost 30 years and has won a significant part of the highly competitive commercial market. This market provides the Ariane system with the production volume indispensable for its reliability, which also benefits institutional launches. Europe's commercial market share will be even larger if the launch system is flexible and adaptable to the diversity of demand. Probable future technological changes make flexibility more necessary still. Two technical characteristics will be key: a large enough payload capacity and the injection of satellites into energetic orbits, including final geostationary orbit. But carrying out such missions will only be possible if a new generation upper stage is used. The November 2008 ESA ministerial meeting opted to wait until 2011 to decide whether this is necessary, making it doubtful whether Arianespace will be able to maintain leadership in the commercial market. The authors urge a rethink of this position.     

纳米压痕实验微米级深度硬度下降现象的研究(英文)

本文针对均匀材料微米级压痕深度,分析接触深度、接触面积、载荷以及加载时间几种因素对实验数据的影响,结合有限元数值模拟,说明压头几何缺陷、接触深度与接触面积的处理并不是造成微米级压痕硬度随压深增大而下降的主要原因,最可能的原因是材料的蠕变特性。进行了不同最大压深实验显示连续刚度法(CSM)将强化蠕变特性对硬度曲线的影响,证明造成该现象的重要原因是纳米压痕实验的实验方法问题。     

基于SIFT的鲁棒的宽基线特征点匹配计算(英文)

本文提出了一种鲁棒的宽基线特征点自动匹配算法,该算法基于Scott邻近矩阵,可以在多种宽基线图像中找到更多的正确匹配点对,并且具有较高的准确率。针对宽基线条件下Scott邻近矩阵存在的缺陷,首先在特征检测中引入具有尺度旋转不变性的SIFT描述子,用其距离来度量特征之间的相似程度;然后再使用尺度和方向自适应的归一化互相关(ASO-NCC)以增强对应矩阵的匹配测度。因为SIFT仅对线性光照变化具有不变性,所以使用ASO-NCC不但具有尺度旋转不变性,而且使得对应矩阵对于一般光照变化具有更好的鲁棒性。新算法同时避免了Scott邻近矩阵中使用的点对间的空间位置距离度量,该度量是宽基线匹配中产生错误匹配的主要原因。通过实验表明,该算法对于存在较大的尺度、旋转、亮度等宽基线变化的图像序列,相比其他方法,能够自动获得更多的正确匹配点对和较高的准确性,该算法对视角和仿射变换也有一定的鲁棒性。     

粉末高温合金盘件预成形设计的类等势场分析法(英文)

传统的预成形设计方法精度低、耗时、耗力,为了克服这些缺点,提高产品的质量和工作效率并降低生产成本,需对预制坯进行合理的预成形设计。本文根据能量最小原理和最小阻力原理,利用塑性变形过程中坯料的流动规律于静电场等势线分布类似这一特性,提出一种能够进行预成形设计的新方法-类等势场法,并采用该方法对粉末高温合金盘件进行预成形设计,从中优选出6组预成形形状,利用MSC/Superform商用软件对上述预制坯的等温成形过程进行数值模拟,得到6组粉末高温合金盘件终锻结束时各个部分的等效应变分布、预锻和终锻的变形程度分配以及模具型腔的受力情况。通过分析,选出最佳的设计方案。     

Multi-resolution Analysis of Density Fluctuation of Coherent Structures About Supersonic Flow over VG

The density field around a vortex generator (VG) in supersonic flow is studied with a nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering (NPLS) method. Based on the calibration, i.e., the density distribution of the supersonic flow around a wedge, the density field of a supersonic VG is measured. According to movement characteristics of coherent structure in VG’s flow fields and the basic concepts of wavelet, the density fluctuating signals and multi-resolution characteristics of density field images are studied. The multi-resolution characteristics of density fluctuation can be analyzed with wavelet transformation of NPLS images. The wavelet approximate coefficients of density fluctuating signals exhibit their characteristics at different scales, and the corresponding detail coefficients show the difference of diverse layer smooth approximation in some way. Based on 2D wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of density field images, the approximate and detail signals at different scales are studied, and the coherent structures at different scales are extracted and analyzed.     

非相似余度作动系统设计及工作模式分析

非相似余度配置方式可省去中央液压源并有效克服共性故障,成为多电飞机的发展趋势.利用机械特性匹配的方法对变转速电动静液作动器和直驱式机电作动器组成的非相似余度系统进行总体设计.考虑舵面空气负载和连接刚度建立总体数学模型,对3种典型工作模式进行理论分析和仿真对比,再现带载情况下这3种工作模式的切换瞬态.同时提出电机电流内环零值控制的无载工作模式,控制器结构简单并且切换可靠迅速.分析结果对非相似作动系统的设计、工作模式和故障切换方法提供了理论依据.