小天体光学导航特征识别与提取研究进展

针对小天体探测自主光学导航特征信息精确，快速获取的需求，阐述了利用图像信息实现光学导航特征识别与提取的必要性。首先分析了小天体光学导航特征识别与提取面临的主要问题；然后根据小天体探测各阶段目标成像特点，总结并分析了小天体探测光学导航特征识别与提取涉及的关键技术；最后，根据关键技术结合现有问题和未来发展需求，分析并对未来小天体探测光学导航特征识别与提取的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Development of a coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method

A coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method was developed by using COMSOL-CFD code. The flow turning, pressure rise and loss effects across blade rows of the fan and the inlet-fan interactions were taken into account as source terms of the governing equations without a blade geometry by a body force model. In this model, viscous effects in blade passages can also be calculated directly, which include the exchange of momentum between fluids and detailed viscous flow close to walls. NASA Rotor 37 compressor test rig was used to validate the ability of the body force model to estimate the real performance of blade rows. Calculated pressure ratio characteristics and the distribution of the total pressure, total temperature, and swirl angle in the span direction agreed well with experimental and numerical data. It is shown that the body force model is a promising approach for predicting the flow field of the turbomachinery. Then, coupled axisymmetric mixed compression supersonic inlet-fan simulations were conducted at Mach number 2.8 operating conditions. The analysis includes coupled steady-state performance, and effects of the fan on the inlet. The results indicate that the coupled simulation method is capable of simulating behavior of the supersonic inlet-fan system.     

一种基于无线信号辅助的室内无死角定位算法

针对传统惯性导航系统定位误差随时间积累的问题,提出了一种基于无线信号辅助定位的室内无死角定位算法。该算法首先利用加速度计、陀螺仪、磁力计和气压计等传感器数据实现三维定位,然后利用无线信号对惯导定位中的位置偏差进行实时校正,再通过航向最优估计算法对航向误差进行修正,在位置和航向上增强惯导系统的实用性。利用实验室自主研发的微惯性测量单元固定在腰部脊椎位置进行实验验证,结果显示基于无线信号辅助的室内无死角定位算法精度达到1%以内,与纯惯导技术相比,能够提供更持久和准确的三维位置信息。     

使用固体火箭发动机的快速机动卫星质量矩控制研究

针对使用固体火箭发动机进行卫星快速变轨机动时的姿态翻转问题,提出使用二维质量矩控制技术予以解决。首先分析了喷气阻尼力矩对三轴稳定卫星姿态的影响,随后建立了考虑推进剂燃烧过程的完整动力学模型,并从通道耦合以及扰动力矩角度对模型特性进行了分析;最后利用仿真手段对质量矩控制卫星姿态的可行性进行了仿真分析,同时考察了发动机不同装药形式以及外形尺寸对控制系统操纵性能的影响。结果表明:二维质量矩控制卫星姿态是切实可行的,且短粗型的发动机结构对控制系统设计更加有利。     

Reliability analysis of aero-engine blades considering nonlinear strength degeneration

To comprehensively consider the effects of strength degeneration and failure correlation, an improved stress-strength interference (SSI) model is proposed to analyze the reliability of aeroengine blades with the fatigue failure mode. Two types of TC4 alloy experiments are conducted for the study on the damage accumulation law. All the parameters in the nonlinear damage model are obtained by the tension-compression fatigue tests, and the accuracy of the nonlinear damage model is verified by the damage tests. The strength degeneration model is put forward on the basis of the Chaboche nonlinear damage theory and the Griffith fracture criterion, and determined by measuring the fatigue toughness during the tests. From the comparison of two kinds of degeneration models based on the Miner’s linear law and the nonlinear damage model respectively, the nonlinear model has a significant advantage on prediction accuracy especially in the later period of life. A time-dependent SSI reliability model is established. By computing the stress distribution using the finite element (FE) technique, the reliability of a single blade during the whole service life is obtained. Considering the failure correlation of components, a modified reliability model of aero-engine blades with common cause failure (CCF) is presented. It shows a closer and more reasonable process with the actual working condition. The improved reliability model is illustrated to be applied to aero-engine blades well, and the approach purposed in this paper is suitable for any actual machinery component of aero-engine rotor systems.     

从IP组播数据中断故障谈网络地址设计

首先描述了在IP网络环境中出现的组播数据偶断现象,分析定位了故障出现的原因。然后,详细阐述了组播维护机理,从组播管理协议的运行机制上进一步分析了组播数据偶断的过程。最后,给出了通过网络地址重新设计的方法解决问题的方案,并提出了交换机、路由器-VLAN（虚拟局域网）-主机的网络地址按顺序进行由小到大地分级分配的原则。     

航天器分裂体或抛射物的轨道形成和演化

由卫星和碎片爆炸或相互间碰撞所产生的分裂体,或由在轨航天器向外抛射所产生的抛射物,对空间环境的影响正日益增大。对它们轨道形成和演化的研究可以为分析空间解体事件提供一种有效方法。本文利用Kep-ler运动积分以及受摄二体问题的分析解,建立了分裂体或抛射物的轨道形成及其演化与分裂或抛射速度之间的关系,从而为理解以各个方向、不同大小的速度分裂或抛射的物体的轨道演化特征提供理论依据。文章最后通过数值验证表明了该方法的有效性。     

我国航空运输需求价格弹性测算

根据经济学理论,同时结合我国航空运输的特点,通过引入我国GDP和我国航空运输每运输吨公里收入两个变量,利用线性回归分析的方法建立了我国航空运输需求函数,并根据需求函数绘制了我国航空运输需求曲线,然后根据需求函数和需求曲线测算了我国航空运输需求价格弹性值。最后,对本研究需要改进的方面进行了分析和总结。     

星载运动附件扰动抑制方法研究

为改善高分七号卫星（GF-7）在附件（特别是双轴定向天线）运动时的姿态稳定度，研究了星载附件指向运动平滑及其扰动抑制方法。首先，针对卫星姿态扰动主要来源于对地数传天线对地面通信目标的快速捕获运动的情况，通过引入具有角速度全局光滑性的路径平滑技术对天线的目标捕获过程进行规划；其次，针对含有双轴运动天线的整星姿态运动，建立了适用于任意星体运动速度下的一般动力学方程，并进行了对比验证。进而根据规划后的天线运动引起的扰动力矩对姿态控制系统引入前馈补偿，从而抑制天线运动对整星姿态的扰动影响。基于提出的扰动抑制方法进行数值仿真,结果表明，运动平滑与力矩补偿结合的协同控制技术可将天线扰动削减90%以上。     

三轴台中框轴系静态设计与装调(下)

４内、中框轴线垂直度的调整一般来说，内中框轴相互垂直度的精度主要取决于中框架安装内框轴承的上下两孔的轴线与中框轴安装端面的平行度、与上、下孔、左、右止口的同轴度，即取决于中框架的加工精度，对于高精度的要求（１″），受加工机床精度的局限，不能满足精度要...