平均绝对差图象匹配系统的定位精度

本文证明了两个基本定理。在假定图象信号和附加噪声是相互独立的零均值齐次高斯随机场、且二次可微的条件下,解决了平均绝对差图象匹配系统的定位精度的分析和计算问题。用实例说明了精度分析和计算的方法,分析了影响定位精度的因素和参数。为匹配性能的定量分析提供了理论依据和方法。     

Multilevel Tests and Measurement Evaluation Methods for the Application of Composite Materials in Spacecraft Structures

With the implementation of new-generation launch vehicles, space stations, lunar and deep space exploration, etc., the development of spacecraft structures will face new challenges. In order to reduce the spacecraft weight and increase the payload, composite material structures will be widely used. It is difficult to evaluate the strength and life of composite materials due to their complex mechanism and various phenomena in damage and failure. Meanwhile, the structures of composite materials used in spacecrafts will bear complex loads, including the coupling loads of tension, pressure, bending, shear, and torsion. Static loads, thermal loads, and vibration loads may occur at the same time, which asks for verification requirements to ensure the structure safety. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a systematic multi-level experimental study. In this paper, the building block approach (BBA) is used to investigate the multilevel composite material structures for spacecrafts. The advanced measurement technology is adopted based on digital image correlation (DIC) and piezoelectric and optical fiber sensors to measure the composite material structure deformation. The virtual experiment technology is applied to provide sufficient and reliable data for the evaluation of the composite material structures of spacecrafts.     

基于吊具吊点调节的航天器水平调节方法

水平调节是航天器吊装过程中质量控制和安全保障的重要环节。文章针对航天器吊装时不同状态的特点,提出了一种以传感器倾角为输入、吊点位置为输出的水平调节航天器的方法,并通过理论分析给出调节算法,最后通过软件仿真验证了新方法的有效性。     

航空发动机主轴承使用状态寿命预测模型(英文)

航空发动机主轴承寿命的实际可靠预测对于发动机的安全运行至关重要。使用状态寿命(即状态良好、初始损伤、故障发展和即将失效4个寿命阶段)描述航空发动机主轴承的使用寿命,并提出了一种基于支持向量机和模糊逻辑推理的主轴承状态寿命分析模型。首先,讨论了理论计算模型,采用轴承疲劳累积损伤模型,利用修正的Lundberg-Palmgren模型,结合飞参记录数据计算主轴承装机以来的累积寿命消耗,确定状态寿命的理论值。然后,详细阐述了状态寿命评估模型,该方法通过选取轴承振动的时域、频域统计量作为特征矢量,利用支持向量机作为辨识算法进行滚动轴承状态寿命的智能评估。最后,基于模糊逻辑推理融合主轴承状态寿命的理论计算模型和状态寿命评估模型得到主轴承状态寿命模型。采用滚动轴承的全寿命试验验证模型的有效性和可行性。     

一种快速计算电磁各向异性介质目标RCS的新方法

从电磁理论中的体等效原理出发,推导了任意电磁各向异性介质目标电磁散射的体积分方程。在此基础上,由SWG基函数和伽略金法建立其矩阵方程。在迭代求解过程中,应用了快速计算阻抗元素的等效偶极子法和加速矩阵向量积的快速偶极子法两种快速算法,有效地降低了传统矩量法计算电磁各向异性介质目标RCS的时间。同时,在快速偶极子法中,远场组间互阻抗元素无需显式计算,并且形式简单的聚集、转移和发散函数可现用现算,从而大量节省了计算机内存。数值仿真结果表明:本文使用的方法在分析电磁各向异性介质目标的电磁散射特性中是非常有效的,不仅有高的计算效率和低的内存需求,而且有良好的数值精度。     

Stribeck模型模糊整定及其在转台控制中的应用

为了实现飞行仿真转台中框阀控马达机构的高精度低速伺服,提出了模糊整定Stribeck摩擦模型状态参数的等效控制电压超前补偿和PID(Proportion Integral Differential)相结合的控制策略.为了规避常规摩擦前向补偿对系统模型及参数的依赖性,提出利用转台中框本身的控制环节直接测定用于摩擦超前补偿的Stribeck电压模型参数;针对系统超低速伺服时速度信号难以检测的特点,设计了模糊整定系统用于改进模型运行状态参数的整定;将设计好的控制器用于中框低速伺服.实验结果表明,系统响应以三角波表示的正反向最小稳定速度为0.000006(°)/s时,跟踪误差在95%时间在0.0002°内,并对其他形式信号也有很高的动态跟踪精度.     

Effects of B on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Nb-Ti-Si-based Ultrahigh-temperature Alloy

Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys concocted with boron ranging from 0 to 2 at% are prepared by arc-melting technology. The effects of adding boron on their as-melted microstructure and oxidation resistance are analyzed. The (Nb,Ti)ss, β-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ exist in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf alloy, while (Nb,Ti)ss, α-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ are present in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-1B and Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-2B alloys. The oxidation of Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys is dominated by the diffusion of oxygen through (Nb,Ti)ss. Compared to boron-free alloys, the boron-containing alloys have significantly lower oxidation rate when oxidized at 1 200 °C for less than 50 h, but, for more than 50 h, their oxidation resistance deteriorates.     

An attempt to inverse the ionospheric sporadic-E layer critical frequency based on the COSMIC radio occultation data

Ionospheric sporadic E layer refers to localized thin irregularity with enhanced plasma density appearing in the height range of ionospheric E layer (～90–130?km). The much higher electron density in the sporadic E layer than the background ionosphere would cause sudden TEC enhancement in the occultation TEC profile. A wavelet decomposition and reconstruction method is applied to extract the TEC fluctuation in this paper, and then $S_{\text{max}}$ index is defined to represent the intensity of the sudden TEC enhancement. $S_{\text{max}}$ index is compared with sporadic E critical frequency ($\mathit{foEs}$) observed by the ionosonde. The results show a well linear correlation between them with mean correlation coefficient about 0.7. Thus, an empirical linear model is established to inverse the $\mathit{foEs}$. The monthly/hourly mean values and global distribution of sporadic E intensity and occurrence ratio are calculated using this method based on the COSMIC occultation data from 2007 to 2011. The statistical analysis results indicate that it is feasible to inverse the $\mathit{foEs}$ based on the occultation TEC profile data and the inversion results can be applied to the long-term global variations of sporadic E investigations.     

鸭式旋翼/机翼飞行器转换末段气动特性

采用数值模拟方法研究鸭式旋翼/机翼(CRW,Canard Rotor/Wing)飞行器在转换过程末段,旋翼转速极低时全机气动特性变化规律及其产生原因.给出了旋翼旋转一周时,全机气动力、气动力矩、焦点位置变化规律,对此布局形式,转换过程末段全机升力、阻力变化幅度可达10.7%,3.7%,焦点可移动0.6 m.研究显示:旋翼处于前后不对称流场及旋翼处于不同方位角时对机体的不对称干扰是气动力与气动力矩变化原因,旋翼与平尾升力线斜率变化、旋翼自身焦点位置变化导致了全机焦点移动.      

考虑工序外协的TOC产品组合优化研究

 针对 “粗粒度”产品外包或自制模式进行能力拓展时造成的产品规划保守和接单损失问题,采用“细粒度”工序外协模式对瓶颈、非瓶颈有区别地进行产能提升,使企业设备平均利用率最高、整体有效产出最优、市场需求满意度最好。从自制商和外协商两种角度定义了有效产出,并推导了工序外协和产品外包两种不同制造模式下有效产出的关系。基于传统和新型两种约束理论（TOC）运作逻辑,根据独立优化和集成优化两种优化策略,构建了考虑工序外协的两种TOC产品组合优化数学模型。分析了工序外协和自制/外包模型间的关系,并进行了数学证明。若单位产品的外包成本等于所有工序外协的累加成本,则同一制造模式下集成优化策略不差于独立优化策略,同一优化策略下工序外协制造模式不差于产品外包制造模式。最后通过单瓶颈、多瓶颈算例分析验证了模型以及定理的有效性。