高超声速飞行器二元进气道试验和计算

设计了一种吸气式面对称高超声速飞行器,针对进气道性能,分别在两座风洞开展通流试验研究。针对第1次风洞试验大攻角状态(α=8°)测量值偏离线性的问题,辅助采用数值模拟手段分析原因,并对试验方案进行改进设计,解决了首次试验出现的问题。结果显示,在典型状态(Ma=5~6)下,进气道起动正常,性能良好,具有一定的抗侧滑能力;随来流马赫数增加,进气道流量系数增大,总压恢复系数减小,计算结果和试验结果一致;试验结果和数值计算的差异主要表现为基本测压方案α>4°后,流量系数和总压恢复系数出现严重的非线性。数值模拟结果表明,主要原因为模型支撑方式及测压方式所引起的偏差,通过改进试验方案,解决了大攻角状态下测量值偏离正常趋势的问题。     

Structure and kinetic properties of slow-mode shocks associated with magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth magnetotail

We study the structure and kinetic properties of slow-mode shocks near the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) associated with magnetic reconnection by Cluster observation. The presence of slow-mode shocks is confirmed by traditional Rankine–Hugoniot (RH) analysis and Monte-Carlo shock fitting method. The Walén analysis, applied to the tailward flow associated with slow-mode shocks, also supports that plasma was accelerated across a Petschek-type slow-mode shock connected to the diffusion region. Back-streaming ions were observed on the shock layer, and cold ions were accelerated and heated by slow-mode shocks. In addition, whistler and electrostatic solitary waves were observed around the slow-mode shocks. These waves might be excited by the observed field-aligned electron beams near the shocks.     

基于动力学边界的结冰飞机安全预警方法

结冰严重破坏飞机的动力学特性，使飞机的非线性和动力学耦合特性表现明显，导致传统的安全预警方法无法准确有效地评估飞行存在的潜在风险，易引发飞行事故。为解决此问题，提出了一种基于动力学边界的新型安全预警方法，该方法可综合考虑飞机的动力学耦合特性，可为结冰飞机的实时安全预警系统的构建提供有力的理论支撑。首先，基于微分流形理论确定结冰飞机精确的动力学边界，并详细分析了飞机结冰对动力学边界的影响；其次，利用动力学边界相对距离对飞行风险进行量化，结合动力学边界的特性确定了安全预警的方法；最后，搭建了飞行仿真训练系统，并以着陆为训练科目，通过与传统迎角安全预警方法对比，得到基于动力学边界安全预警方法的优越性。研究结果表明，相比于传统迎角限制方法，动力学边界安全预警方法可提前发现飞行中存在的潜在风险，且基于此方法的飞行训练系统可对驾驶员进行结冰安全操纵训练可提高结冰飞机的飞行安全。     

A novel approach for predicting inlet pressure of aircraft hydraulic pumps under transient conditions

Cavitation caused by insufficient suction is a major factor that influences the life of aircraft pumps. Currently, pressurizing the tank can solve the cavitation problem under steady large-flow conditions. However, this method is not always effective under transient conditions (from zero flow to full flow in a very short time). Moreover, to apply and design other measures, such as a boost impeller, the suction dynamics during the transient period must be investigated. In this paper, a novel approach based on the pressure wave propagation theory is proposed for predicting the inlet pressure of an aircraft pump under transient conditions. First, a dynamic model of a typical aircraft pump is established in the form of differential equations. Then, the transient flow model of the inlet line is described using momentum and continuity equations, and the governing equations are discretized by the method of characteristics and the finite difference method. The simulated results are in good agreement with the results from verification tests. Further simulation analysis indicates that the wave velocity and transient time may influence the inlet and reservoir pressure as well as the size of the inlet line. Finally, solutions for upgrading the inlet pressure are discussed. These solutions provide guidelines for designing inlet installations.     

线性尺寸未注公差标准演变及应用

从实际应用的角度出发，阐述了线性尺寸未注公差各标准的演变和主要特点，并提出了在机械加工应用中具有简明、省时、质优等特点。     

航空发动机及燃气轮机整机性能仿真综述

整机总体性能仿真是航空发动机及燃气轮机仿真的重要组成部分，在航空发动机及燃气轮机的设计制造和使用全寿命 周期内发挥着重要作用。综合70多年来航空发动机及燃气轮机总体性能仿真的发展成果，梳理了各时期总体性能仿真的发展历 程。从基本方法、模型精细化、求解算法和修正方法等角度，分析了国内外以部件级模型为代表的基于物理机理的总体性能仿真 方法研究现状；探讨了以人工神经网络、支持向量机和深度学习为代表的人工智能算法在总体性能仿真中的应用现状；介绍了机 载模型、机理-数据混合模型和多维度模型基本方法和主要成果。基于目前的研究成果和技术发展趋势，认为航空发动机及燃气 轮机总体性能仿真应向物理机理模型更精细化、人工智能技术更深入和应用模型构建更为规范化的方向发展。     

用于空间太阳能电站的新型高效半导体功率器件可靠性研究

文章重点围绕GaN基HEMT器件的辐照效应和高场退化效应进行论述,立足于空间用GaN基HEMT器件技术发展需求,着眼于空间用GaN基HEMT器件的可靠性研究进展,从理论上分析材料和器件参数变化的原因,提出星载GaN基HEMT器件的高可靠性、长寿命控制手段。     

A non-local vectorial total variational model for multichannel SAR image speckle suppression

This paper aims at the multichannel synthetic aperture radar(SAR)image speckle reduction.This paper proposes a novel energy minimized regularization model for multichannel image denoising,which is an extension of the non-local total variational model for gray-scale image.It contains two terms,namely the vectorial data fidelity term and the non-local vectorial total variation term.The latter is constructed by high-dimensional non-local gradient that contains the structure information of the multichannel image.The existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the model are proved.A fixed point iterative algorithm is designed to acquire the solution of this model.The convergence property of this algorithm is proved as well.This model is applied to the multipolarimetric and multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 images despeckling.The result shows that this model performs better than the original vectorial total variational model on texture preserving.     

基于逐点扫描FFT法的跳频信号参数估计

针对时频分析方法估计跳频信号参数存在时频分辨率受限、交叉项干扰、实时性差等缺点,通过分析跳频信号的时频特性,提出一种新的跳频信号参数估计方法。该方法从未知信号的时域分析出发,采用逐点步进的方法进行多次FFT计算,通过分析其频谱特性判断跳频信号的跳变时刻,将跳频信号序列按跳频频率分割为多个单频率信号分量,最后再综合提取跳频信号的时频参数。仿真结果表明,该方法针对跳频参数的估计精度高,运算速度较快,且没有干扰频率。     

一种新型并联微动机器人运动学分析

提出了一种新型的少自由度微动并联机器人,利用螺旋理论对于微动并联机器人的自由度进行分析,得到机构正常运动时所需要的驱动个数。利用矢量方法得到微动并联机器人的运动学反解。基于雅可比矩阵的可逆性,研究了微动机器人的奇异问题,从而确定该微动并联机器人的输入和输出之间的关系。