Numerical investigation of effect of a centrifugal boost impeller on suction performance of an aircraft hydraulic pump

An integrated boost impeller can effectively improve the suction performance of an aircraft hydraulic pump (AHP). It must be designed very carefully; however, few studies thus far have investigated boost impellers. To explore the effect of the boost impeller, this study developed a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for an AHP based on the k-ε turbulence model and full cavitation model. The results of verification tests demonstrated that the model is reliable for simulating the delivery characteristics of piston pumps and the boost capacity of the inlet impeller. Steady-state simulations reveal that the boost impeller can remarkably improve the suction performance and mitigate the cavitation damage due to insufficient fluid filling while only consuming a small proportion of the total input power. Transient-state simulations show that the pump with an impeller is more capable of catching up with a sudden increase in flow demand, and it has a lower suction flow ripple and impact. However, such a boost impeller also has some limitations such as magnifying the suction pressure fluctuation and having little effect on mitigating the cavitation caused by the back-flow jet.     

弯曲及局部修型对大折转角扩压叶栅性能的影响

通过数值模拟对具有51°叶型折转角的环形扩压叶栅进行了研究.将外流飞行器上控制附面层流动的基本思想和修型措施应用于弯叶片的局部修型, 结合近壁面附面层流动和总压损失对比分析了大折转角扩压叶栅采用直叶片、弯叶片和局部修型弯叶片的气动性能.结果表明:在大折转角、高亚声速气流进口条件下, 局部修型弯叶片能更有效的控制大逆压梯度下叶栅内附面层的发展, 提高叶栅气动性能.      

旋转冲压压缩转子二维进气流道数值研究

借鉴二维超声速进气道的设计方法,设计了一种旋转冲压压缩转子的二维进气流道,并采用二维雷诺平均N-S方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对其流场进行了数值仿真,研究了转速、背压对二维进气流道中波系结构、内部流动特性和性能的影响.计算结果表明:所提出的旋转冲压压缩转子二维进气流道设计方法是可行的;二维进气流道中产生的激波系与二维超声速进气道中产生的激波系相类似,所不同的是二维进气流道中产生的激波为弯曲激波,而二维超声速进气道中产生的激波为平直激波;转速和背压对二维进气流道的性能有较大影响.      

超音速气流绕局部透气凹角流动的数值模拟

以具有压力分裂形式的简化Ｎ Ｓ方程为控制方程,数值模拟了超音速来流条件下的激波 边界层干扰被动控制（ｐａｓｓｉｖｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｏｆｓｈｏｃｋ ｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｌａｙｅｒｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ）。模拟是以预先给定激波前吹气和激波后吸气的流量来实现的。为了定性地确定吹气或吸气对激波 边界层干扰的影响,首先计算了单独吹气和单独吸气两种情况。数值计算时采用了多重扫描法对控制方程差分离散,以反映亚音速区压力对流场的椭圆性影响。     

高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面逆向设计方法

针对高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面问题,首先研究了激波理论的逆向算法,以此为基础提出了进气道的等强度和等熵压缩面的逆向设计方法,并采用此方法设计了以进气道出口气流参数为设计参数的高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面,然后对两种压缩面进行了性能分析和数值仿真.结果表明:通过逆向设计方法设计进气道压缩面是可行的,其相对于传统方法耗时大大减少;理论计算表明相同设计条件下两压缩面几何参数基本一致,而来流参数也基本不变,设计点下等熵压缩面总压恢复系数高出等强度压缩面6.3%.数值仿真验证了该方法的可行性并研究了非设计状态下两种压缩面的各项性能参数,同时对比了不同马赫数下进气道内部波系分布和气流均匀性.      

航空发动机滑片泵数值模拟

利用计算流体力学软件Star-cd二次开发功能模拟了某一航空发动机滑片泵的内部流场,分析了计算中是否引入空化模型对计算结果的影响,以及滑片泵定子和滑片间隙大小对滑片泵性能的影响,预测了不同工况下,滑片泵内出现空化的位置和区域大小.计算结果表明:由于滑片泵叶片转动,从而引起空化区域范围的缩小和增大,泵油量也相应地增加和减小,使得滑片泵进口瞬时流量较为平稳,而出口瞬时流量有较大的脉动,进、出口周期平均流量与计算总平均流量的误差小于1.5%,计算总平均流量与该滑片泵样件的台架实验测试结果之间的误差小于3%;滑片泵转子叶片与定子壁面间隙增大,泄漏量增加,滑片泵的平均流量减小;间隙为0.07mm的滑片泵计算总平均流量相对于间隙为0.02mm的计算总平均流量减小3.1%.从计算结果可以推断,滑片泵的进口流道应与吸油腔正对,可以减少进口流道内空化区域和流动阻力.      

Design and examination of a turboprop inlet with scavenge duct

The inlet with scavenge duct is an important part of turboprop aircraft engine. This type of inlet normally has a complex shape, of which the design is challenging and directly affects the flow field quality of the engine entrance and thus the engine performance. In this paper, the parametric design method of a turboprop aircraft inlet with scavenge duct is established by extracting and controlling the transition law of the critical characteristic parameters. The inlet’s performance and internal flow characteristics are examined by wind-tunnel experiment and numerical simulation. The results indicate that a flow tendency of winding up on both sides is formed due to the induction of the inlet profile, as well as a vortex pair on the back side of the power output shaft. The vortex pair dominates the pressure distortion index on the Aerodynamic Interface Plane (AIP). In addition, with the increase of freestream angle of attack, the total-pressure recovery coefficient of the inlet increases gradually while the total pressure distortion index decreases slightly. On the basis of the experimental results under different working conditions, the parametric design method proposed in this paper is feasible.     

顶部间隙对超声速膨胀器流动特性的影响

隔板与机匣之间留有间隙,间隙的存在势必会对超声速膨胀器的内部流场和总体性能产生影响,为了获得超声速膨胀器内部间隙流动的流动细节,采用三维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,就顶部间隙对超声速膨胀器流动特性的影响进行了数值研究。结果表明:膨胀流道出口斜激波导致吸力面压力高于压力面,隔板尾缘附近部分泄漏流体经间隙流回压力面侧;间隙的存在导致吸力面进口及中、后部近下端壁压力上升,而压力面前缘附近压力下降,对比同一隔板位置,间隙高度每增加1%喉部高度,超声速膨胀器隔板载荷系数最高下降2.6%;端壁损失和斜激波损失降低,但产生了泄漏损失,三维流道内总的流动损失增加,膨胀器效率降低,本文研究范围内效率最多下降8.8%;马蹄涡、泄漏涡及二者之间的相互作用是顶部区域的主要涡系结构;前缘附近气流经间隙流到吸力面侧和尾缘附近泄漏流体越过间隙重新流回压力面侧是间隙内气流的主要运动形式。     

涡轮叶栅前缘气膜冷却对气动参数影响的数值研究

采用具有TVD性质的三阶精度有限差分格式、自由型曲面技术以及多区域网格算法,对前缘带有三排冷气孔的涡轮导叶进行了气膜冷却数值计算,分析了前缘冷气喷射对涡轮气动参数的影响,描述了叶型表面冷气射流的运动规律。结果表明,冷气喷射导致了流量、马赫数和温度较为明显的变化,前缘和吸力面获得的绝热效率高于压力面,压力面冷气射流的运动规律比较复杂。型面压力只在冷气孔区域有明显的波动。     

跨声风扇周向畸变流动的谐波平衡法计算

研究了采用"相位延迟"边界条件的谐波平衡法用于周向进气畸变计算的可行性及其计算效率,考虑了进气总压畸变形式为正弦波和方波的两种情况。对于正弦波形式的进气总压畸变采用较少阶数的谐波计算就可得到和双时间推进法相近的计算结果,计算速度最大可以提高48倍。对于方波形式的进气畸变,则需要采用更多阶数的谐波计算才能还原得到较准确的非定常流场,计算速度提高了7倍。算例表明,谐波平衡法可以有效的应用于跨声风扇周向进气畸变的非定常计算中,同时大幅提高计算速度。