“嫦娥4号”月球背面软着陆任务设计

介绍了"嫦娥4号"月球背面软着陆任务设计方案。着陆区初步选定为月球背面南极–艾特肯(South PoleAitken,SPA)盆地内的冯·卡门(Von Kármán)撞击坑内。采用中继星实现着陆器和巡视器的对地通信,并选择环绕地月拉格朗日L2点的halo轨道作为其使命轨道。采用CZ-4C火箭和CZ-3B火箭,分别完成中继星和着陆器–巡视器组合体的发射。两器一星上共配置了6台国内研制科学载荷和3台国际合作科学载荷,开展以低频射电天文观测、巡视区形貌、矿物组份及浅层结构为主的科学探测。此外,还搭载了2颗月球轨道编队飞行微卫星、月面微型生态圈和大孔径激光角反射镜,分别开展超长波天文干涉测量试验、月面生态系统试验和超过地月距离的激光测距试验。通过创新设计顶层任务,充分继承成熟技术和产品,增加中继通信功能模块,开放资源引入高性能载荷和搭载项目,将实现一次低成本、短周期、大开放、高效益的月球探测任务。     

卫星平台运动对高分辨率光学遥感成像系统影响分析

在高分辨率光学遥感成像过程中,卫星平台的不稳定性将影响相机成像质量。针对该问题,在分析动态降质机理的基础上分别就面阵凝视模式、线阵推扫模式及时间延迟积分（TimeDelayandIntegration,TDI）推扫模式提出了相应的动态成像仿真模型,以此模拟不同情况下的退化结果。以高分辨率遥感相机为对象,开展多种情况下的仿真试验分析。结果表明,同等平台运动条件下,TDI推扫模式下的图像质量下降更明显;分辨率越高,像质对平台振动的响应灵敏度越高。最后结合仿真模型及图像评价参量,建立起空间分辨率与平台颤振指标之间的关系,给出不同空间分辨率下的平台运动误差阈值,为平台振动抑制和补偿提供约束条件。     

适于可压缩多尺度流动的紧致型激波捕捉格式

针对可压缩多尺度流动数值模拟特点,研究一种五阶高分辨率紧致型激波捕捉格式——紧致重构加权基本无振荡(CRWENO)格式。该格式利用非线性权系数将低阶紧致格式加权组合以达到高阶精度。在光滑区域蜕化成具有高分辨率的五阶线性紧致格式,在间断附近则能保持计算稳定无振荡。对CRWENO格式、目前广泛使用的加权基本无振荡(WENO)格式及两格式对应的线性格式(即五阶线性迎风格式和五阶紧致格式)进行数值性能研究,评估非线性权系数对格式耗散及频谱特性的影响。使用一维、二维、三维典型算例进行数值试验,探讨线性/非线性、紧致/非紧致格式在可压缩多尺度流动模拟中的优势和不足。结果表明,CRWENO格式在强压缩性流场模拟中能够稳定地捕捉激波,其紧致特性则改善了非线性格式普遍存在的耗散过大、分辨率较差的问题,使其能够清晰捕捉多尺度流动结构。因此,该格式在可压缩多尺度流动模拟中具有较大优势。     

多级会切场推力器振荡特性模拟研究

目前多级会切场推力器数值模拟研究采用的主要手段是全粒子模拟方法,但是这种全粒子模拟对计算机的要求较高,因此文章通过建立HEMPT的一维流体模型,再现HEMPT的振荡现象,对放电电流和等离子体参数之间的关联性及等离子体参数分布规律进行研究。沿着两条典型的电子传导路径,利用MATLAB中Simulink模块建立一维流体模型。结果分析表明,推力器内部等离子体参数的振荡周期与放电电流振荡周期一致。推力器的主电离区在两个磁尖端之间,电势降主要集中在出口附近。     

永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器的研究

提出了一种新型永磁驱动重构型车载充电机三相DC/DC变流器集成系统。该集成系统将永磁驱动的电机绕组和DC/AC逆变器重构成车载充电机实现电动汽车驱动-充电的集成,具有空间利用率高、充电快速和可靠性高等特点。分析了集成系统的结构和工作原理,推导了充电系统的三相DC/DC变换器数学模型。在此基础上,利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了驱动-充电集成系统仿真模型,对同步脉宽调制(PWM)控制和交错PWM控制策略进行仿真研究,分析对比了交流侧电压电流、直流侧电机绕组电感电流和直流侧电压波形。仿真结果表明,与交错PWM控制策略相比,同步PWM控制策略下该新型结构充电系统具有更好的运行性能。     

A transient bulk flow model with circular whirl motion for rotordynamic coefficients of annular seals

Bulk flow model with perturbation simplification has been used to calculate rotordynamic coefficients in annular seals which have significant influences on the dynamic behavior of rotors in turbomachinery. In this work, a transient bulk flow model with arbitrary rotor motion is developed, and the boundary conditions and friction factor in the model are calibrated with steady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. The numerical solution scheme is developed based on the finite element method to obtain the transient reaction force in the seal clearance. With a periodic circular rotor orbit, the transient forces at multiple whirling frequencies are used to evaluate the rotordynamic coefficients. The leakage flowrate of CFD analysis has good agreement with experimental results and the calibrated parameters in bulk flow model are dependent on operating conditions. Although CFD calibration improves the accuracy of the perturbed bulk flow model, the direct damping is overestimated and the cross-coupled damping is underestimated. Compared with the perturbed model, the predictions of the transient bulk flow model are more agreeable with the experiment.     

Interface flux reconstruction method based on optimized weight essentially non-oscillatory scheme

Aimed at the computational aeroacoustics multi-scale problem of complex configurations discretized with multi-size mesh, the flux reconstruction method based on modified Weight Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme is proposed at the interfaces of multi-block grids. With the idea of Dispersion-Relation-Preserving (DRP) scheme, different weight coefficients are obtained by optimization, so that it is in WENO schemes with various characteristics of dispersion and dissipation. On the basis, hybrid flux vector splitting method is utilized to intelligently judge the amplitude of the gap between grid interfaces. After the simulation and analysis of 1D convection equation with different initial conditions, modified WENO scheme is proved to be able to independently distinguish the gap amplitude and generate corresponding dissipation according to the grid resolution. Using the idea of flux reconstruction at grid interfaces, modified WENO scheme with increasing dissipation is applied at grid points, while DRP scheme with low dispersion and dissipation is applied at the inner part of grids. Moreover, Gauss impulse spread and periodic point sound source flow among three cylinders with multi-scale grids are carried out. The results show that the flux reconstruction method at grid interfaces is capable of dealing with Computational AeroAcoustics (CAA) multi-scale problems.     

Super-resolution reconstruction of astronomical images using time-scale adaptive normalized convolution

In this work, we describe a new multiframe Super-Resolution (SR) framework based on time-scale adaptive Normalized Convolution (NC), and apply it to astronomical images. The method mainly uses the conceptual basis of NC where each neighborhood of a signal is expressed in terms of the corresponding subspace expanded by the chosen polynomial basis function. Instead of the conventional NC, the introduced spatially adaptive filtering kernel is utilized as the applicability function of shape-adaptive NC, which fits the local image structure information including shape and orientation. This makes it possible to obtain image patches with the same modality, which are collected for polynomial expansion to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and suppress aliasing artifacts across lines and edges. The robust signal certainty takes the confidence value at each point into account before a local polynomial expansion to minimize the influence of outliers. Finally, the temporal scale applicability is considered to omit accurate motion estimation since it is easy to result in annoying registration errors in real astronomical applications. Excellent SR reconstruction capability of the time-scale adaptive NC is demonstrated through fundamental experiments on both synthetic images and real astronomical images when compared with other SR reconstruction methods.     

弹道反舰导弹靶场飞行试验安全分析

反舰导弹靶场飞行试验中,为了确保试验方案可实施,必须进行试验安全性量化分析,以确保故障弹对保护目标的威胁概率最小。根据弹道反舰导弹特点,给出量化分析基本思路,归纳导弹故障模式,分析不同故障模式下导弹落点散布,并给出量化分析计算方法。通过实例,验证计算方法的正确性和科学性。