Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

A drilling tool design and in situ identification of planetary regolith mechanical parameters

The physical and mechanical properties as well as the heat flux of regolith are critical evidence in the study of planetary origin and evolution. Moreover, the mechanical properties of planetary regolith have great value for guiding future human planetary activities. For planetary subsurface exploration, an inchworm boring robot (IBR) has been proposed to penetrate the regolith, and the mechanical properties of the regolith are expected to be simultaneously investigated during the penetration process using the drilling tool on the IBR. This paper provides a preliminary study of an in situ method for measuring planetary regolith mechanical parameters using a drilling tool on a test bed. A conical-screw drilling tool was designed, and its drilling load characteristics were experimentally analyzed. Based on the drilling tool-regolith interaction model, two identification methods for determining the planetary regolith bearing and shearing parameters are proposed. The bearing and shearing parameters of lunar regolith simulant were successfully determined according to the pressure-sinkage tests and shear tests conducted on the test bed. The effects of the operating parameters on the identification results were also analyzed. The results indicate a feasible scheme for future planetary subsurface exploration.     

Effects of in-track maneuver on Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits

By developing approximate analytical models considering the J₂ perturbation, the effects of an in-track maneuver on the orbital Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits are analyzed. First, two approximate models for the variations in orbital sunshine angles are developed, one for variations at a given time and the other for variations at a given argument of latitude. Next, two approximate models for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow are developed, one considers the small eccentricity and the other uses the zero eccentricity. Finally, the developed approximate models are applied to analyzing the Sun illumination conditions of a typical in-track maneuver mission on a near-circular low Earth orbit. From the results obtained, three major conclusions can be drawn. First, the variations in orbital sunshine angles at a given time may reach tens of degrees when the drifting time reaches hundreds of orbital periods, and the approximate model for that situation cannot effectively approach the numerical results. Second, the variations in orbital sunshine angles for any given argument of latitude are only a couple of degrees even when the drifting time reaches 500 orbital periods, and the approximation model developed can effectively approach the numerical results. Third, for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow, the approximate model considering the small eccentricity has simple expressions and can effectively approach the numerical results; in contrast, the approximate model using the zero eccentricity has relatively worse precision.     

基于集成学习模型的飞行学员认知负荷研究

在飞行过程中,飞行员需要在短时间内接收大量信息,并做出正确的判断与决策,而过高的认知负荷会影响其感知、判断、决策等认知过程,进而影响飞行安全。首先通过飞行模拟实验获取飞行学员在执行不同飞行任务时的生理数据;然后通过时域、频域分析等方法提取呼吸和心电信号的特征,并通过统计学方法筛选出能够反映认知负荷水平的指标;最后结合支持向量机、K 最邻近、人工神经网络等方法建立集成学习模型,对飞行学员的认知负荷进行评估,并与单一算法进行对比。结果表明：本文建立的集成学习模型具有较高的准确率,能够更好地反映飞行学员认知负荷水平。     

航空鼓形花键设计及其不对中接触特性

针对鼓形花键设计方法不完善、修形量范围无法确定的问题,提出利用花键齿面许用应力与内外花键配合干涉确定鼓形花键鼓形量的范围。以某航空发动机中央传动杆花键为例,开展鼓形花键设计;进而对比研究对中与不对中状态下普通花键和鼓形花键的接触特性。结果表明:对中状态下,普通花键接触应力集中于齿向加载端,而鼓形花键则集中于齿向中部且接触应力增大;不对中状态下,普通花键接触齿对数目显著减小且接触应力显著提高,而鼓形花键的均载性显著且接触应力降低;随着不对中的增大,普通花键因干涉而存在断齿风险,而鼓形花键仍能够啮合但脱开齿对数目增加,接触应力也急剧提高。所确定的鼓形花键修形量范围合理,能够将齿侧间隙、不对中补偿能力、与修形量定量耦合起来,为航空鼓形花键设计、不对中控制、承载能力与寿命提升提供了重要理论参考。      

碳氢燃料超声速燃烧的化学动力学研究 (Ⅰ)甲烷超声速燃烧的简化化学动力学模型

采用雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程对碳氢燃料甲烷（ＣＨ４） 在超声速流动中混合燃烧过程进行了数值研究, 提出了简化的甲烷燃烧的反应机理及反应动力学模型, 建立了Ｂａｌｄｗ ｉｎ－Ｌｏｍ ａｘ 代数涡粘性湍流模型, 采用了高精度的ＴＶＤ隐式格式和化学源项隐式解法, 计算结果和氢气／空气超燃的计算结果进行了比较, 表明所采用的反应机理及计算模型合理, 算法可行, 就算例结果而言,碳氢化合物作为一种超燃燃料有其独特的优势, 值得进一步深入研究     

推进剂药浆混合均匀性研究

用Ｈａａｋｅ流变仪研究了高固体含量丁羟推进剂的混合均匀性,提出了用复合粘度和复合模量作混合均匀性表征参数的评价方法。研究结果表明,高固体含量丁羟三组元配方的预混阶段需１５ｍｉｎ～２０ｍｉｎ快速混合,总预混时间以３０ｍｉｎ～３５ｍｉｎ为宜。     

气动力与推力矢量控制近距击顶弹道研究

针对某型反坦克导弹从顶部攻击近距离目标存在的空气动力控制不足的问题,探讨了在导弹初始飞行段采用推力矢量控制的可行性,并对有推力矢量控制的近距击顶飞行弹道进行了分析研究,最,通过计算机数字仿真,进行了弹道飞行仿真计算。结果表明,所提方法改善了导弹飞行弹道特性,提出了导弹机动性能和对近距离目标攻击的效果,并有利于减少最小射程。     

化学镀镍层对30CrMo及LY12疲劳性能的影响

研究了两种不同磷含量化学镀镍层的组织结构、硬度及弹性模量,并着重研究了３０ＣｒＭｏ及ＬＹ１２经化学镀镍后的旋转弯曲疲劳性能。结果表明,低磷微晶镀层较高磷非晶镀层具有更高的硬度、弹性模量和疲劳抗力;化学镀镍层导致了３０ＣｒＭｏ疲劳强度的显著下降,但能提高ＬＹ１２的疲劳强度,表明化学镀镍层对基体疲劳性能的影响作用主要取决于基体本身疲劳抗力的高低。