带倾角相邻合成射流激励器射流矢量控制研究

基于合成射流激励器全流场计算模型——X-L模型,对带倾角相邻合成射流激励器宏观低速流动进行数值模拟。讨论了主次流幅值比、两激励器相位差、频率、倾斜角等参数对主流偏转角度的影响,并将单激励器与相邻激励器对主流的矢量控制效果进行了对比。结果显示,相邻激励器对主流的控制效果优于单激励器;激励器相位差存在最佳值;倾角改变激励器的最佳频率,对最佳相位差影响不大。     

固冲发动机射流控制可调进气道研究

针对固定几何形状固冲发动机超音速进气道在超额定状态下工作时品质降低问题,提出从补燃室引入燃气喷入外压缩面和喉道实现对进气道外压缩波系和有效喉道面积进行调节的方案,采用数值模拟方法摸索了实现调节的燃气喷射规律,验证了方案的可行性。研究表明,采用射流控制方案可实现固冲发动机进气道调节,通过调节可使外压缩波系保持封口,进气道工作在额定状态,均化了入口流场;喉部射流注入可有效减小主流的流通面积,提高内收缩比,并减小了喉道出口下壁面附面层厚度,进气道出口总压恢复提高显著。     

Reliability Sensitivity Algorithm Based on Stratified Importance Sampling Method for Multiple Failure Modes Systems

 Combining the advantages of the stratified sampling and the importance sampling, a stratified importance sampling method (SISM) is presented to analyze the reliability sensitivity for structure with multiple failure modes. In the presented method, the variable space is divided into several disjoint subspace by n-dimensional coordinate planes at the mean point of the random vector, and the importance sampling functions in the subspaces are constructed by keeping the sampling center at the mean point and augmenting the standard deviation by a factor of l. The sample size generated from the importance sampling function in each subspace is determined by the contribution of the subspace to the reliability sensitivity, which can be estimated by it-erative simulation in the sampling process. The formulae of the reliability sensitivity estimation, the variance and the coeffi-cient of variation are derived for the presented SISM. Comparing with the Monte Carlo method, the stratified sampling method and the importance sampling method, the presented SISM has wider applicability and higher calculation efficiency, which is demonstrated by numerical examples. Finally, the reliability sensitivity analysis of flap structure is illustrated that the SISM can be applied to engineering structure.     

深冷环路热管稳态运行特性的理论分析

基于能量平衡、压力平衡以及质量守恒,建立了氮工质深冷环路热管(CLHP)的稳态数学模型,模拟结果同实验数据具有良好的一致性.应用该模型对CLHP的稳态运行特性进行了理论分析,考察了寄生热载荷、次蒸发器功率等对CLHP运行性能的影响,并得出如下结论:同常温环路热管相比,CLHP的传热能力明显减小;当主蒸发器热载荷较小时,寄生热载荷以及反重力高度的存在使CLHP的稳态运行温度明显升高,而通过对次蒸发器施加功率可显著改善CLHP的工作性能;CLHP最高运行温度/压力随储气室容积的增大而减小,相应的,其最大传热能力将受到限制.      

小型毛细泵环(CPL)运行特性的实验分析

小型化是毛细泵环适应微小型高功率密度电子设备散热需求的一个发展趋势.对一小型毛细泵环进行实验研究,重点考察了重力场中不同姿态对毛细泵环运行特性的影响以及毛细泵环在高热流密度工作时的控温特性.根据实验结果可得:该小型毛细泵环可实现不同姿态下的迅速起动,并在热载荷递增过程中表现出良好的控温性能,最大传热能力达50 W,最高热流密度达到12.5 W/cm2,能够满足高功率密度电子元器件冷却的需求;当热流密度较低时,该毛细泵环可实现精确控温;而当热流密度较高时,蒸发器壁面温度波动较大,无法实现精确控温.      

旋转对带斜肋和双排孔通道孔流量系数影响

为了获得工作叶片内部通道布置斜肋情况下的气膜孔流量系数,利用商业软件对带60°肋和双排气膜孔出流的旋转矩形通道内的流场进行了数值模拟.通道入口雷诺为数60 000,罗斯贝数为0,0.11,0.22,气膜孔总出流比0.22.通道静止时,计算结果与实验数据符合较好,左侧孔和右侧孔的流量系数差别不大.通道顺时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数增加90%左右,左侧孔流量系数是右侧孔流量系数的4～5倍.通道逆时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数减小10%左右,左侧孔和右侧孔流量系数基本相同.      

湍流模型对压气机数值模拟精度的影响

开发了一个求解叶轮机全三维黏性流场的程序,采用了目前叶轮机数值模拟中常用的且模拟性能较好的三种湍流模型:k-ε模型,k-ω模型,Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)模型,计算了跨声压气机NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Rotor 37的流场,并与实验进行了性能参数、三维流场和角区流动的对比分析.考察在相同的数值计算平台上进行比较这几个湍流模型对压气机的数值模拟性能的影响.最终结果表明:对于具有强剪切、存在分离流的复杂的叶轮机三维流场来说,k-ω模型数值模拟精度更高,相比其他两个模型具有一定的优势.      

Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on Aerodynamic Performance in a High-load Compressor Cascade

This article is aimed to experimentally validate the beneficial effects of boundary layer suction on improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade with a large camber angle. The flow field of the cascade is measured and the ink-trace flow visualization is also presented. The experimental results show that the boundary layer suction reduces losses near the area of midspan in the cascade most effectively for all suction cases under test. Losses of the endwall could remarkably decrease only when the suction is at the position where the boundary layer has separated but still not departed far away from the blade surface. It is evidenced that the higher suction flow rate and the suction position closer to the trailing edge result in greater reduction in losses and the maximum reduction in the total pressure loss accounts to 16.5% for all cases. The suction position plays a greater role in affecting the total pressure loss than the suction flow rate does.     

基于确定性和随机性原理的复合材料二维孔隙模型比较

在二维条件下,对比分析了经典的确定性模型和随机孔隙模型对含孔隙复合材料的物理模拟结果。确定性模型将含孔隙复合材料看做各向同性均匀介质,将孔隙假设为大小相同、离散均匀分布的规则形状;随机孔隙模型依据随机介质理论,采取统计学原理和方法,将孔隙看做是小尺度上的随机扰动,叠加于由基体构成的大尺度背景介质平均特性之上,可以利用空间平稳随机过程加以描述。研究发现,利用随机孔隙模型不但能够得到与真实孔隙几何相似性良好的孔隙形貌,而且基于此模型的超声衰减系数理论预测结果和实验测试结果之间的符合程度大大优于传统的确定性模型。     

航天用复合材料压力容器的应用与发展

复合材料压力容器在航空航天、汽车、电子等领域具有广泛的应用,本文系统地分析了目前复合材料压力容器的材料和典型结构,阐述复合材料压力容器在航天工业的主要应用及发展方向。