面向小行星微重力环境探测的自恢复直立弹跳机器人设计

针对小行星微重力环境,提出了一种具有蛋形外壳,利用弹簧蓄力的并联腿弹跳机器人。该机器人无论以何种姿态落地,均可在重力矩作用下恢复直立姿态。这一设计相对于需要额外主动装置恢复直立的先前方案,节省了恢复直立所需的能耗,在结构上更为简单可靠。文中阐述了完整的机构设计方案,及相应的结构参数优化计算方法。通过的样机实验,设计方法的有效性得到验证。     

Service life prediction of AP/Al/HTPB solid rocket propellant with consideration of softening aging behavior

The aging behavior of softening composite solid propellant was investigated by measuring its mechanical and ballistic prosperities during prolonged storage at elevated and room temperatures. Accelerated aging was conducted at 65 °C for 231 days while the normal aging was performed at 25 ± 3 °C and relative humidity less than 50% for 8 years. The mechanical properties were obtained from uniaxial tensile tests for the aged propellant specimens while the ballistic properties were determined from static firing tests of subscale motors aged for 112 days at 65 °C. The mechanical results show that the maximum tensile strength and Young's modulus initially increase and subsequently decrease with increasing aging time, while the maximum tensile strain generally increases with increasing aging time. The ballistic properties like burning rate show a small change which cannot affect the ballistic performance. The experimental results show that the changes in the mechanical properties are significant during the aging period, but the burning rate does not undergo significant changes. From this study, it is observed that the propellant ages through a combination of reactions like post-cure, oxidative cross-linking, chain scission, and hydrolysis. The chain scission and the hydrolysis effect are the most significant process, which makes the propellant soft and extendible. The observed aging mechanism has been modeled using an exponential function with two terms which can describe the complex behavior of the aging. By applying Arrhenius equation,the activation energy values were obtained based on the propellant mechanical properties. The shelf life of this propellant formulation at 25 °C is predicted to be 13 years using the modulus as failure criteria and control parameter.     

TRIZ理论及其在工装改进设计中的应用

介绍了TRIZ理论的产生与发展,分析了该理论在拓展思维、创造性解决问题方面的特点与优势。某型飞机雷达罩开启装置改进设计案例分析表明,该理论可以解决装备设计中常见的技术问题,提高工作效率,完善产品和工艺,合理利用资源降低成本。     

带攻击角度约束的深度强化元学习制导律

针对执行机构部分失效的速度时变导弹机动目标拦截问题,本文提出一种基于深度强化元学习和剩余飞行时间感知逻辑函数的攻击角度约束三维制导律。首先,采用基于模型的深度强化元学习方法,建立深度神经网络动力学模型;引入模型预测路径积分控制,该深度神经网络动力学模型作为预测模型;采用元学习方法,在线学习执行机构部分失效及目标机动等环境变化。其次,提出基于偏态分布的采样方法,提升模型预测路径积分控制的采样效率。再次,在制导律的指标函数设计中提出一种逻辑函数,降低了制导初始阶段的加速度,提升了末速度。最后,多种情况下的仿真结果及蒙特卡洛仿真校验了方法在提升采样效率与降低初始阶段加速度的有效性。     

Reflected Wavefront Modulation with Phase Array by Using Acoustic Metasurface

Acoustic metasurface has attracted increasing attention due to the ability of manipulating the transmitted and reflected phase of waves to generate various acoustic functionalities with planar layer of sub?wavelength structure.We design an acoustic metasurface with a semi?closed and nested slotted tube array,and it possesses the capacity of modulating the reflected phase with sub ? wavelength thickness(about λ/23). The reflected phase shifts can be obtained from 0 to 2π by different rotation angles of internal slotted tubes. The theoretical results agree well with the numerical results by a finite element method. The results show that some excellent wavefront manipulations are demonstrated with the phase array by using acoustic metasurface such as anomalous reflection and sub?wavelength flat focusing. The design may offer a path for acoustic manipulation and promote the potential applications of acoustic metasurface in low frequency noise control,acoustic imaging and cloaking.     

基于AMESim的火工作动装置仿真方法研究

针对一种小型化、低冲击活塞式火工作动装置,基于AMESim仿真软件建立了火工装置的数学模型,得出了活塞杆推力曲线的影响规律。同时进行试验验证,试验数据与仿真结果高度接近,验证了理论分析与仿真模型的正确性,大幅缩短了火工装置研制周期,并节约了研制成本,为火工装置的研究开拓了一种新型研制模式。     

浅谈在编译原理教学中促进学生的学习迁移

学习迁移规律是指导教育和学习的一种实用理论,根据对迁移的不同类型及其特点和影响学习迁移的各种要素的分析,结合编译原理课程的特点,按照促进学习迁移的教学原则,在编译原理教学中促进积极学习迁移,有助于培养学生的创新思维和解决问题的能力,有利于培养学生的良好学习品德.     

载人航天器与伴随卫星间射频系统电磁兼容性分析方法

对载人航天器与伴随卫星间射频设备的电磁干扰问题进行了研究，根据射频系统的收发参数建立了电磁干扰安全裕度模型，分析了伴随卫星发射天线对载人航天器接收天线的等效干扰。从保证载人航天器与伴随卫星在轨电磁兼容的角度，得到了航天器间能够兼容工作的最小相对距离计算方法。研究结果表明，所提出的分析方法能够对伴飞任务航天器间的电磁干扰风险进行预测，可为飞行任务的顺利完成提供技术支持。     

空心角隅棱镜在激光干涉测角中的应用

阐述了激光小角度测量装置中使用的实心角隅棱镜由于制造和安装误差对测量结果所造成的影响,同时提出利用空心角隅棱镜可以解决问题的理论依据,通过应用实验效果对理论给予验证.