基于ESO的DGVSCMG双框架伺服系统不匹配扰动抑制

针对双框架变速率控制力矩陀螺（DGVSCMG）两种工作模式下内、外框架系统存在的不匹配干扰抑制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器与状态反馈的扰动抑制方法。在对飞轮工作模式和陀螺工作模式下内、外框架系统的干扰进行建模和分析的基础上,针对其不匹配干扰设计了扩张状态观测器,通过坐标变换减小框架系统扰动对不匹配通道的影响,并结合状态反馈控制设计了复合控制器,同时对全局系统稳定性进行了分析。对框架系统进行的仿真结果验证了所提复合控制方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提出的控制方法能有效减小耦合力矩对内外框架角速率带来的影响,在飞轮模式下使得内外框架的角速率跳动量分别降低了85%和78%,且在陀螺模式下使外框架角速率跳动量降低了75%。     

GTCP131-9A辅助动力装置性能参数换算公式研究

对GTCP131-9A辅助动力装置（APU）性能参数（排气温度和燃油流量）换算公式展开研究。提出了一种研究燃气轮机相似性的通用方法。采用这种方法得出了构成该单转子定轴燃气轮机相似的充分条件是需要有3个相互独立的相似准则数相等,这3个相似准则数可以是飞行马赫数、折合转速、折合功率,其他相似参数是这3个相似准则数的函数。根据该发动机相似性,采用小偏差法,给出了试车过程中存在的排气附加阻力、燃油热值偏差和功率偏差的性能参数的小偏差修正方程。结果表明:在输出功率和大气压力比值为定值的条件下,GTCP131-9A辅助动力装置性能参数换算公式是进气总温多项式与排气附加阻力修正项、燃油热值变化修正项、功率变化修正项之和。      

High-temperature oxidation behavior and analysis of impedance spectroscopy of 7YSZ thermal barrier coating prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition

Quasi-columnar structure 7YSZ(yttria stabilized zirconia) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) are prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition(PS-PVD) onto pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating, respectively. An isothermal oxidation experiment of 7YSZ TBCs is carried out in the atmosphere of 950 °C in order to simulate the high-temperature oxidation process of engine blades. The isothermal oxidation process of 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings is investigated systematically by impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical physical model and equivalent circuit of columnar 7YSZ coatings are established. Results show that the isothermal oxidation kinetic curve of columnar 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings appears to follow the parabolic law. A pretreatment of bond coating can reduce the growth rate of the thermally grown oxide(TGO) layer, restraining the initiation and propagation of microcracks between YSZ and TGO layers. The oxidation rate constants of 7YSZ coatings with pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating are 0.101×10~(-12) cm~2·s~(-1) and 0.115 × 10~(-13) cm~2 ·s~(-1), respectively. Impedance analysis shows that the content of oxygen vacancies decreases and the density increases after the TGO layer is oxidized for 150 h. In addition, shrinkage microcracks formed by sintering during the oxidation process is the main reason for an increase of the capacitance and a decrease of the resistance in the grain boundary of YSZ.     

7YSZ coating prepared by PS-PVD based on heterogeneous nucleation

Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) as a novel coating process based on low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS) has been significantly used for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). A coating can be deposited from liquid splats, nano-sized clusters, and the vapor phase forming different structured coatings, which shows obvious advantages in contrast to conventional technologies like atmospheric plasma spray (APS) and electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). In addition, it can be used to produce thin, dense, and porous ceramic coatings for special applications because of its special characteristics, such as high power, very low pressure, etc. These provide new opportunities to obtain different advanced microstructures, thus to meet the growing requirements of modern functional coatings. In this work, focusing on exploiting the potential of gas-phase deposition from PS-PVD, a series of 7YSZ coating experiments with various process conditions was performed in order to better understand the deposition process in PS-PVD, where coatings were deposited on different substrates including graphite and zirconia. Meanwhile, various substrate temperatures were investigated for the same substrate. As a result, a deposition mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation has been presented showing that surface energy is an important influencing factor for coating structures. Besides, undercooling of the interface between substrate and vapor phase plays an important role in coating structures.     

燃气- 蒸汽联合循环性能计算平台界面开发

为实现联合循环机组的快速设计、性能优化及分析,基于热力学定律,采用面向对象及混合编程技术开发了燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组热力性能计算平台。针对燃气-蒸汽联合循环系统流程结构,运用Fortran语言编译了联合循环热力性能计算模块,并借助混合编程技术与C#界面程序实现对接,完成软件界面的编译。提出界面的整体架构及类的实现与继承,构造出窗体类、计算接口类及灵敏度分析接口类,实现了所开发软件的性能计算功能。该软件能快速开展循环方案设计、优化及变工况的性能分析等工作,为机组的设计和优化提供有益指导。     

某航空发动机滑油位异常下降故障分析

针对某航空发动机在试飞过程中连续出现多起滑油箱油位异常下降情况,对滑油系统进行排查分析,确认为由滑油泵皮碗裂纹引起的。经对皮碗故障件进行复查、断口分析、设计复查等工作,确定了皮碗裂纹产生的原因。结果表明:滑油泵级间壳体上通油孔与增压泵出口相连,使得皮碗封严压力过大,为导致皮碗裂纹故障发生的主要原因;泵轴与皮碗装配过盈量大促进了皮碗裂纹故障萌生和扩展。通过对滑油泵结构参数优化设计,降低皮碗承载油压和摩擦力,提高皮碗密封性能和寿命,从而有效避免此类故障再次发生。     

基于星载视频SAR的海上运动目标监视方法

传统SAR处理方法已无法满足日益复杂的战场环境,在监测、跟踪感兴趣区域内的机动目标和场景变化方面存在不足。针对此情况,提出了一种基于星载视频SAR(Video SAR)的海上运动目标监视方法,通过对目标区域持续观测获得全面的目标态势信息。首先,分析了视频SAR工作原理,采用数据重叠复用的方式来保证SAR视频产品的流畅度;结合图像配准,再利用不同帧图像之间动目标主体位置偏差和阴影变化反演动目标速度,同时改进传统后向投影(Back Projection,BP)算法,使其适用于视频SAR的高效性要求;最后,通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的精确性和有效性。     

海陆交界非平稳场景星载ScanSAR扇贝效应抑制方法

扫描式合成孔径雷达(ScanSAR)因不受光线、天气影响,能够提供宽测绘带图像而被广泛应用在海洋监测领域。但ScanSAR图像的扇贝效应(Scalloping)和子带拼接效应(Inter-Scan Banding,ISB)严重地降低图像质量,尤其在海陆相接一类的非平稳场景下,干扰更为严重,影响图像的应用效能。针对上述问题,文章给出了一种基于图像分层和卡尔曼滤波的ScanSAR图像扇贝效应和子带拼接效应的抑制方法。针对非平稳场景,先进行图像分层处理使其满足线性卡尔曼滤波需求;然后,利用加性二维周期函数对子图层的扇贝效应和子带拼接效应进行建模;再将卡尔曼滤波器应用于条纹抑制;最后,对真实ScanSAR图像数据的有效处理结果验证了算法的有效性。     

航空发动机涡轮叶片原位集成高温MEMS 传感器的研制

为了满足智能高性能航空发动机高温、高振动、高冲击的苛刻工作要求,采用MEMS(Micro-elect ro-mechanical-syst em,微机电系统)薄膜技术制作了发动机涡轮叶片原位集成高温温度传感器,并进行了高温下的温度试验和振动冲击试验。试验结果表明:热电阻传感器温度的线性良好,可以实现在高温环境下的温度控制;叶片原位温度传感器及其连线系统可以在规定的苛刻的振动与冲击试验指标下安全、可靠地工作,振动与冲击之后连接特性没有变化。将该原位集成传感器应用在涡轮叶片表面,不仅可以原位测量800℃的环境温度,而且具有很高的机械强度,可以承受40g的振动和100g的冲力。