喷射式气氮调温系统

气氮调温系统是空间环境模拟器中为航天器进行热真空、热平衡试验的关键系统之一。它可使热沉温度在－100℃－＋100℃之间连续可调，并能任意定点。采用喷射式气氮调温系统，与液氮储槽式冷却器调温系统、液氮温度热沉加红外加热笼系统相比，可降低能耗，节约经费。大型空间环境模拟器中由于热沉的热惯性较大以及各支路温度存在均匀性等问题，大型空间模拟器设备要应用喷射式气氮调温系统存在一定难度。KM6大型空间模拟器喷射式气氮调温系统在研制中结合KM6实际和试验要求。调试和使用结果证明这一系统满足试验要求，同时也表明该系统在同一领域达到了国际同类设备的水平。     

大型航天器的真空热试验技术

介绍KM6设备做大型航天器真空热试验技术，包括：热平衡试验技术、热真空试验技术。并分别介绍了大型航天器的试验的必要性、试验工况、试验技术状态、外热流控制系统、测试系统。     

基于前向神经网络的非线性平滑滤波器设计研究

文章阐述了基于前向神经网络的非线性平滑滤波器的设计问题，分析了上述平滑滤波器的存在性及其滤波误差方差的组成，给出了有限观测序列下网络学习的性能指标，由此提出了一种次优网络学习算法，它具有很好的抑制白噪声能力。     

无约束结构光三维测量系统方法研究

传统的结构光三维测量系统对摄像机和投影仪的摆放有严格的要求或者标定过程较为复杂。本文根据光平面的概念通过增加光平面的参考点和法向量参数,使摄像机和投影仪之间位置无约束并简化标定过程,对这一方案进行理论分析和研究,提出了这一方法在实现上的基本原理,并进行了实验验证。实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和应用的可行性。     

真空容器设计

介绍了特大型真空容器的结构形式、活动大门设计，并对容器设计中的一些重要问题的工程处理、大开孔补强、容器稳定性有限元计算过程和结果作了分析说明。通过试验使用证明，设计对一些关键问题的处理是正确的。     

创建我国股份制模式的客观选择

如何创建我国股份制模式问题,一直是多年来理论研究和实际试点中争议的热点。本文从我国实际情况出发,论述股份制不是资本主义特有的经济范畴,它可以为社会主义经济制度服务,在社会主义的中国搞股份制,不是削弱或肢解而是巩固和发展全民所有制,并提出“一企多制”的股份制模式。     

Performance improvement of real-time PPP ambiguity resolution using a regional integer clock

Obtaining reliable GNSS uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) or integer clock products is the key to achieving ambiguity-fixed solutions for real-time (RT) precise point positioning (PPP) users. However, due to the influence of RT orbit errors, the quality of UPD/integer clock products estimated with a globally distributed GNSS network is difficult to ensure, thereby affecting the ambiguity resolution (AR) performance of RT-PPP. In this contribution, by fully utilising the consistency of orbital errors in regional GNSS network coverage areas, a method is proposed for estimating regional integer clock products to compensate for RT orbit errors. Based on Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) RT precise products, the regional GPS/BDS integer clock was estimated with a CORS network in the west of China. Results showed that the difference between the estimated regional and CNES global integer clock/bias products was generally less than 5 cm for GPS, whereas clock differences of greater than 10 cm were observed for BDS due to the large RT orbit error. Compared with PPP using global integer clock/bias products, the AR performance of PPP using the regional integer clock was obviously improved for four rover stations. For single GPS, the horizontal and vertical accuracies of ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions were improved by 56.2% and 45.3% on average, respectively, whereas improvements of 67.5% and 50.5% in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, were observed for the combined GPS/BDS situation. Based on a regional integer clock, the RMS error of a kinematic ambiguity-fixed PPP solution in the horizontal direction could reach 0.5 cm. In terms of initialisation time, the average time to first fix (TTFF) in combined GPS/BDS PPP was shortened from 18.2 min to 12.7 min. In view of the high AR performance realised with the use of regional integer clocks, this method can be applied to scenarios that require high positioning accuracy, such as deformation monitoring.     

Integrated guidance and control for solar sail station-keeping with optical degradation

Current control approaches for solar sail station-keeping on libration point orbits have not considered the degradation of the sail’s optical properties. However, significant optical degradation could lead to poor station-keeping performance or even complete failure. This paper presents an integrated guidance and control strategy to address this problem by updating the reference orbit based on in situ estimation. An exponential optical degradation model is incorporated into the solar radiation acceleration model, and an on-line reference orbit update approach is incorporated into the station-keeping, coupled with an active disturbance rejection controller. The reflection coefficient is estimated on-line and the reference orbit is updated discretely when the optical properties have degraded by a prescribed amount. This strategy provides discrete updates to the reference orbits such that the perturbation due to the optical degradation is maintained within a small range. These smaller perturbations can be dealt with by the controller’s robustness and station-keeping can be sustained for long durations even in the presence of large optical degradation.     

Timing and sex effects on the “Spatial Orientation Test”: A World War II map reading test

The present study aimed to document the psychometric properties of a recently declassified map reading test used in World War II, known as the Spatial Orientation Test (SOT), which measures mostly the ability to match map and aerial images. We also examined the influence of timing conditions and sex of the participants as correlates of performance. A total of 101 participants (41 males, 60 females) completed the SOT, along with other spatial tests and spatial affect scales (tapping spatial anxiety and confidence). Results showed a significant male advantage on this rediscovered map reading test. Additionally, timing affected overall performance but not the magnitude of sex differences. Finally, significant correlations were found between the SOT and other spatial tests and scales. The processes underlying this test and its potential for future use are discussed.     

海绵/橡胶适配器应力和变形模式的轴对称平面应变解析

海绵/橡胶适配器的应力和变形模式的解析方法是其力学理论研究的重要前提。基于轴对称平面应变假设,推导了海绵圆筒和橡胶圆筒的径向应力、切向应力和径向位移的解析公式;建立了位移边界条件下适配器受压问题的非线性常微分解析方程组,并通过数值模型仿真验证了解析公式推导的正确性;调整海绵/橡胶粘合面半径,研究了海绵层厚度比对适配器受压力学特性的影响。结果表明:数值模型和解析公式计算结果基本一致;适配器海绵层径向应力值和切向应力值相差不大,橡胶层切向应力高于径向应力约1个数量级,径向应力最大值位于适配器外表面,切向应力和径向位移最大值均位于海绵/橡胶粘合面;随海绵层厚度比增加,适配器应力和位移减小且减幅越来越小。