基于批生产的逐段式车间作业调度算法

探讨了离散作业型（Job shop）车间中的作业调度的分阶段模型，并根据离散作业调度的阶段性提出了基于作业状态空间的逐段式车间作业调度算法，通过对一个实际车间作业调度仿真比较，此算法运算速度比最短加工时间（SPT）和最少工作量剩余（LWR）算法快，其调度结果在实际作业车间具有可执行性。     

一种新的射频仿真目标位置控制方法与软件研究

针对射频目标仿真系统中目标位置的控制，本文通过对国内外目标位置控制的常用方法进行研究，提出一种新的通用目标位置控制方法，该方法适用于任何天线分布的面阵。利用这种新的方法编写了基于三元阵天线阵面的射频仿真目标位置控制软件，实现对多目标在天线阵面上多种轨迹运动下的高速准确的定位，并能实时监视目标的运动状态和运动轨迹。     

惩罚函数法在发动机性能计算中的应用

按照涡喷发动机工作时遵守的气动热力学定律，建立了发动机的稳定数学模型，并针对双轴涡轮发动机性能计算的非线性数学模型，利用优化和最优控制理论中的惩罚函数法，对发动机性能进行了基于约束的最优求解程序设计，利用程序对某型发动机的稳定飞行特性进行了计算，计算结果表明，使用惩罚函数法求出的特性曲线变化规律正确，发动机平衡方程的解的精度更高，在此基础上得出的发动机飞行特性也更准确。另外惩罚函数法对初值的要求很低，迭代运算不易发散。     

基于LabVIEW平台的数字抽取滤波器的设计与应用

介绍了基于LabVIEW平台的数字抽取滤波器的设计。该方法是对高采样率的数据进行低通数字滤波，然后对结果用1／K倍重新采样，将数字信号频带压缩K倍，从而实现动态测试较大的动态范围要求和划分频带要求，数字抽取滤波器的设计包含调制，数字滤波和抽取三方面，LabVIEW是一种基于图形编程语言（G语言）的开发环境，采用交互界面设计，模块化编程，该滤波器也是作者正在研制的动态测试分析虚拟仪器的一个重要组成部分。本文给出了在LabVIEW平台上所进行数字抽取滤波器的设计原理，仿真结果和在动态数字信号分析中的应用。     

An Experimental Radar Facility

A coherent CW superheterodyne radar system operating at frequencies of 9, 17, 35, and 70 GHz is described. The radars are installed on a free-flight range to study backscattering from wakes of hypersonic-velocity projectiles. Each radar is equipped with a focused-lens antenna oriented at an angle of approximately 45° to the flight axis. Amplitude and phase of the received signal are recorded separately. Some typical results are given to demonstrate the capabilities of the equipment.     

High-Sensitivity Quartz Accelerometer for Measurements of Small Accelerations of Spacecraft

A quartz sensor of small accelerations with a capacitive transducer is designed and produced, allowing one to measure spacecraft accelerations with a resolution of 10^–7 m/s² in the range ±10^–1 m/s². The results of calibration of the sensor by the method of inclinations are presented.     

Research priorities and plans for the International Space Station-results of the 'REMAP' Task Force

Recent events in the International Space Station (ISS) Program have resulted in the necessity to re-examine the research priorities and research plans for future years. Due to both technical and fiscal resource constraints expected on the International Space Station, it is imperative that research priorities be carefully reviewed and clearly articulated. In consultation with OSTP and the Office of Management and budget (OMB), NASA's Office of Biological and Physical Research (OBPR) assembled an ad-hoc external advisory committee, the Biological and Physical Research Maximization and Prioritization (REMAP) Task Force. This paper describes the outcome of the Task Force and how it is being used to define a roadmap for near and long-term Biological and Physical Research objectives that supports NASA's Vision and Mission. Additionally, the paper discusses further prioritizations that were necessitated by budget and ISS resource constraints in order to maximize utilization of the International Space Station. Finally, a process has been developed to integrate the requirements for this prioritized research with other agency requirements to develop an integrated ISS assembly and utilization plan that maximizes scientific output.     

Surface characteristics of spacecraft components affect the aggregation of microorganisms and may lead to different survival rates of bacteria on Mars landers

Layers of dormant endospores of Bacillus subtilis HA101 were applied to eight different spacecraft materials and exposed to martian conditions of low pressure (8.5 mbar), low temperature (-10 degrees C), and high CO(2) gas composition and irradiated with a Mars-normal ultraviolet (UV-visible- near-infrared spectrum. Bacterial layers were exposed to either 1 min or 1 h of Mars-normal UV irradiation, which simulated clear-sky conditions on equatorial Mars (0.1 tau). When exposed to 1 min of Mars UV irradiation, the numbers of viable endospores of B. subtilis were reduced three to four orders of magnitude for two brands of aluminum (Al), stainless steel, chemfilm-treated Al, clear-anodized Al, and black-anodized Al coupons. In contrast, bacterial survival was reduced only one to two orders of magnitude for endospores on the non-metal materials astroquartz and graphite composite when bacterial endospores were exposed to 1 min of Mars UV irradiation. When bacterial monolayers were exposed to 1 h of Mars UV irradiation, no viable bacteria were recovered from the six metal coupons listed above. In contrast, bacterial survival was reduced only two to three orders of magnitude for spore layers on astroquartz and graphite composite exposed to 1 h of Mars UV irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy images of the bacterial monolayers on all eight spacecraft materials revealed that endospores of B. subtilis formed large aggregates of multilayered spores on astroquartz and graphite composite, but not on the other six spacecraft materials. It is likely that the formation of multilayered aggregates of endospores on astroquartz and graphite composite is responsible for the enhanced survival of bacterial cells on these materials.     

Microgravity effects on water supply and substrate properties in porous matrix root support systems.

The control of water content and water movement in granular substrate-based plant root systems in microgravity is a complex problem. Improper water and oxygen delivery to plant roots has delayed studies of the effects of microgravity on plant development and the use of plants in physical and mental life support systems. Our international effort (USA, Russia and Bulgaria) has upgraded the plant growth facilities on the Mir Orbital Station (OS) and used them to study the full life cycle of plants. The Bulgarian-Russian-developed Svet Space Greenhouse (SG) system was upgraded on the Mir OS in 1996. The US developed Gas Exchange Measurement System (GEMS) greatly extends the range of environmental parameters monitored. The Svet-GEMS complex was used to grow a fully developed wheat crop during 1996. The growth rate and development of these plants compared well with earth grown plants indicating that the root zone water and oxygen stresses that have limited plant development in previous long-duration experiments have been overcome. However, management of the root environment during this experiment involved several significant changes in control settings as the relationship between the water delivery system, water status sensors, and the substrate changed during the growth cycles.     

Solar particle events and the International Space Station

The high inclination orbit for the International Space Station poses a risk to astronauts on EVA during occasional periods of enhanced high energy particle flux from the sun known as Solar Particle Events. We are currently unable to predict these events within the few-hour lead time required for evasive action. Compounding the threat is the fact that station construction occurs during increasing solar activity and through the peak of the solar cycle. In this paper we present an overview of the risk, the current methods to provide forecasts of SPEs, and potential risk mitigation options.