Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

工艺参数对CVD制备热解碳界面层厚度的影响

以甲烷(CH4)为碳源先驱体,以三维针刺碳纤维预制体为沉积基体,研究了化学气相沉积(chemical vapor deposition,CVD)工艺过程中沉积时间、沉积压力以及预制体厚度对热解碳界面层沉积厚度的影响,并在此基础上优化了在碳纤维表面制备合适厚度的热解碳界面层所需的CVD工艺参数。结果表明,针对现有反应腔体,5 mm厚碳纤维预制体试样,采用1 000℃的沉积温度,CH4流速500 ml/min,沉积时间10 h,沉积压力5 kPa,可在预制体内外碳纤维表面沉积得到厚度合适的热解碳界面层;当碳纤维预制体厚度增至10 mm,则沉积时间应延长至15 h,压力维持不变,可沉积得到合适厚度的界面层。     

介质涂覆位置对球面收敛喷管电磁散射特性影响

外形设计和隐身材料使用是缩减目标雷达散射截面积(RCS)的两种常用方法。为了研究雷达吸波材料(RAM)对于球面收敛矢量喷管(SCFN)的RCS减缩效果,采用引入阻抗边界条件后的迭代物理光学(IPO)法,研究了球面收敛二元喷管及8种吸波材料涂覆方案的电磁散射特性,并获得了X波段下9种模型的后向RCS随探测角度的变化规律。研究结果表明:吸波材料涂覆可以有效地缩减球面收敛喷管的RCS;合理的涂覆方案可以在保证RCS缩减效果的基础上,降低吸波材料的使用量;相比全涂覆方案,仅在喷管出口和球面段进行涂覆,可以在吸波材料减少30%使用量的情况下,达到全涂覆方案80%的缩减效果。     

高超声速飞行器流动特征分析

在非流线型构件或突起物的扰动效应、高马赫数和低雷诺数极限效应、低湍流度环境效应和由激波或摩擦导致的气动加热效应等4个方面的影响下,未来高超声速飞行器涉及的流动主要表现出这样的特点:典型流动结构强度高、尺度大,如强激波和厚边界层;局部流动结构数量多;激波、膨胀波和边界层结构之间相互干扰十分严重;转捩、压力脉动和一些流动结构对细微因素非常敏感;压力、摩擦应力和热流峰值现象普遍;升阻比屏障难以突破;流场同时依赖大量无量纲参数和有量纲参数,导致实验模拟难度大。本文在回顾传统高超声速流动主要流动现象的基础上,对上述7个方面涉及的典型流动现象的基础研究现状、问题本质和因果关系进行综合描述,讨论如何更有效地面对基础研究和工程实际问题。该文既可为解决典型流动现象中尚未解决的基础研究提供帮助,也可为如何合理地利用有限的已知知识解决工程应用问题提供指导。     

航空发动机软壁风扇机匣包容性研究

高强度纤维缠绕增强的软壁机匣是大型航空发动机轻质风扇机匣的主要选型之一。针对大型航空发动机软壁包容机匣的总体设计思路,从结构特点、数值分析技术、试验方法、纤维性能考核等方面研究了其包容性分析设计的方法。分析了软壁风扇包容机匣的结构特点,较适用于工程、机理分析地连续介质模型和纱线模型,得出了旋转打靶试验能有效考虑关键因素,而部件包容试验则能初步验证包容能力,数值仿真与部件试验相结合能快速掌握软壁机匣的包容性设计方法。此外,软壁机匣外层纤维织物的拉伸、剪切、摩擦、应变率效应、抗老化测试等性能测试,可为选取优良的纤维织物以及发展适用的材料模型提供参考和依据。     

时滞系统内模控制器参数整定方法研究

针对内模原理对时滞系统控制的局限性,利用一阶泰勒级数逼近模型的时 滞部分, 推导了工业上常见的一阶时滞和二阶时滞模型的内模控制参数表达式, 结合 ITAE 指标和系统鲁棒性设计了新的目标函数, 通过对目标函数的寻优实现了内模控制 器参数的整定。仿真结果表明,该方法具有较好的动态跟踪性能、较强的抗干扰性和鲁 棒性,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

高超声速飞行器飞行控制技术研究综述

与传统的航空航天器相比,高超声速飞行器具有建模困难、不确定性大、参数剧烈时变、耦合严重以及异类执行机构等控制难点。针对上述五个方面的研究现状进行综述,首先概括了高超声速飞行器建模研究成果,给出了面向控制系统设计的仿射非线性模型;其次针对不确定性、参数时变和耦合等问题,总结相关控制方法的研究成果;最后,对异类执行机构复合控制问题进行了阐述和总结。     

CFD数据交易标准及其软件实现

论述推行统一的CFD数据交换标准的必要性 ;报告在研制通用航空气动力数值模拟系统ANSS2 0 0 0过程中 ,建立内部数据接口文件规范的尝试 ;推荐国际上主流的空气动力学和CFD数据库标准———CGNS ;讨论CGNS在ANSS2 0 0 0中的实现 ;大力呼吁同步使用与国际接轨的CFD数据交换标准。     

光纤消偏器及其应用

介绍了用于光纤陀螺的Lyot型消偏器的基本原理，并给出相应的计算公式。分析结果表明Lyot消偏器的最佳方案为两段光纤长度之比等于1：2。据此设计的退偏光纤陀螺性能具有较好的一致性。     

Containment of soft wall casing wrapped with Kevlar fabric

Aramid fabrics have been commonly used in the civil turbofan engine fan blade containment system for its excellent performance. To investigate the behavior and capability of soft wall containment casing, a series of fan blade released tests were conducted on the high-speed spin tester.The soft wall casing was fabricated by wrapping multiple layers of Kevlar49 plain woven fabric around a thin steel ring. Casings with different inner metal ring and outer fabric layers number were compared. The method of using the explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA to establish the finite element analysis model for the quantitative analysis of the containment process was developed and conducted. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It is shown that the containment process of the soft wall casing can be divided into three impact stages. The casing with low-stiffness inner metal ring will get severe overall deformation and lose the structural integrity when it suffers the blade impact. Kevlar fabric layers will appear large bulge on outside surface and absorb the most impact dynamic energy of the high speed released fan blade. By summing up the results of the test and simulation, an empirical critical equation was derived to describe the relationship between the released blade dynamic energy and the Kevlar fabric thickness.