标准电池滞后效应的研究

根据电极过程动力学的基本原理,推导出在不同条件下标准电池电动势的表达式。对标准电池电动势——温度滞后及充放电后电池电压的滞后效应作了较深入的研究,对引起滞后的原因给出了理论解释。从而指出滞后效应与电池内在因素(杂质、晶体盐尺寸、电池结构、活性物质等)之间的依赖关系。因此,滞后效应的大小可作为判断电池性能优劣的主要依据。     

Ultrastructural and geochemical characterization of Archean-Paleoproterozoic graphite particles: implications for recognizing traces of life in highly metamorphosed rocks

Abundant graphite particles occur in amphibolite-grade quartzite of the Archean-Paleoproterozoic Wutai Metamorphic Complex in the Wutaishan area of North China. Petrographic thin section observations suggest that the graphite particles occur within and between quartzite clasts and are heterogeneous in origin. Using HF maceration techniques, the Wutai graphite particles were extracted for further investigation. Laser Raman spectroscopic analysis of a population of extracted graphite discs indicated that they experienced a maximum metamorphic temperature of 513 +/- 50 degrees C, which is consistent with the metamorphic grade of the host rock and supports their indigenicity. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the particles bear morphological features (such as hexagonal sheets of graphite crystals) related to metamorphism and crystal growth, but a small fraction of them (graphite discs) are characterized by a circular morphology, distinct marginal concentric folds, surficial wrinkles, and complex nanostructures. Ion microprobe analysis of individual graphite discs showed that their carbon isotope compositions range from -7.4 per thousand to -35.9 per thousand V-PDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite), with an average of -20.3 per thousand, which is comparable to bulk analysis of extracted carbonaceous material. The range of their size, ultrastructures, and isotopic signatures suggests that the morphology and geochemistry of the Wutai graphite discs were overprinted by metamorphism and their ultimate carbon source probably had diverse origins that included abiotic processes. We considered both biotic and abiotic origins of the carbon source and graphite disc morphologies and cannot falsify the possibility that some circular graphite discs characterized by marginal folds and surficial wrinkles represent deflated, compressed, and subsequently graphitized organic-walled vesicles. Together with reports by other authors of acanthomorphic acritarchs from greenschist-amphibolite-grade metamorphic rocks, this study suggests that it is worthwhile to examine carbonaceous materials preserved in highly metamorphosed rocks for possible evidence of ancient life.     

先进复合材料结构RTM技术现状及发展

树脂转移模塑工艺（RTM）产生以来,以其经济性优势开始替代热压罐的成形方法,RTM技术可生产高质量,具有复杂外形,低成本的产品,本文阐述了RTM技术在宇航工业材料,设备及应用上的发展,并对RTM技术进行了概述,建立了流动模型。     

伞—弹系统三体运动分析

理论上分析了末敏弹系统伞、伞盘、弹三刚体间的力学关系,考虑了系统的连接方式和约束、分析了伞绳弹性,建立了三体运动的数学模型,算例表明所描述的运动与实测运动规律和扫描特性相符,因此该模型可用于末敏弹总体和扫描装置的分析和设计。     

试验测定DFR的升降法方法

提出了试验测定结构件细节疲劳额定值(DFR)的升降法方法,可以充分估计并节约总试验时间.通过数值模拟比较了升降法数据处理的半子样极大似然法和马尔可夫方法.为满足可靠度要求,对半子样极大似然法估计的疲劳强度标准差进行了修正,并给出了保证95％可靠度的疲劳强度的置信度要求的最少试件数.最后给出了升降法确定DFR的表达式.      

腐蚀环境下疲劳分析的DFR方法研究

将腐蚀对结构件疲劳寿命的影响当量转化为对细节疲劳额定值DFR的影响,建立了腐蚀条件下疲劳分析的DFR方法.通过对标准S-N曲线方程的变换,得到了DFR的腐蚀当量折算系数与腐蚀对疲劳寿命的影响系数之间的关系,并研究了其中的参数对当量折算系数的精度的影响,从而给出了由疲劳试验确定当量折算系数的方法.基于地面停放预腐蚀和空中飞行腐蚀疲劳对疲劳寿命的影响相互独立的假设,得出了当量折算系数对预腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳的分解方法.      

疲劳强度分布参数的贝叶斯分析

以贝叶斯估计为分析基础,用Monte Carlo方法产生大样本来计算机模拟升降法,由疲劳强度分布参数的估计值推导出了参数本身的后验分布.通过参数的后验分布,可以对参数进行区间估计和置信分析.该法解决了由于实验费用昂贵而一般只对长寿命区疲劳强度分布参数进行点估计的问题,为疲劳强度分布参数的进一步研究打下了基础.通过一个算例验证了方法的可行性,并且由计算结果分析比较了升降法的3种数据处理方法.      

FY-4闪电成像仪实时事件处理器(RTEP)的FPGA设计研究

闪电是中尺度,特别是中-γ尺度天气系统研究的有力工具。闪电成像仪主要利用4种方法 组合来实现闪电信号的增强与探测。这4种方法是:光谱滤波、空间滤波、时间滤波、帧-帧背景去除。实时 事件处理器(RTEP)是实现帧一帧背景去除的最为有效的手段,它是提取闪电信号的重要途径。实时事件处 理器是一个实时数字信号处理系统,在2ms的时间内要完成12 bit量化的512×512个像素的信号数据处理, 探测出闪电信号。文章论述了实时事件处理器RTEP的必要性,实现原理,以及FPGA实现方案。     

一类中立型高维周期微分系统的周期解

文中利用指数型二分法,结合不动点定理考虑如下形式的中立型高维周期系统: 苦d/dt[x(t)+cx1]=A(t,x(t))x(t)+f(t,x1),得到其T-周期解存在的充分性条件,所得结论改进或推广了早先文献中周期解存在的相应结论。