航天用35Ah氢镍电池组性能

简要介绍了电池组的构成以及电池组空间力学环境测试条件和模拟GEO试验制度。在电池组性能方面 ,比较了第 1阴影期中间和第 36阴影期中间 79%DOD的放电特点 ,概要介绍了充放电温度特性 ,容量与氢压的变化关系 ;特别在寿命特性方面 ,着重阐述了电池组在模拟GEO ,79%DOD下 40个阴影期间最大放电深度时终止电压变化特性 ,电池组容量变化以及第 3阴影期和第 36阴影期放电终止电压变化情况。还列出了电池组的主要技术性能指标。     

乌克兰的航天工业

乌克兰在运载火箭总体和控制系统方面的研制经验是比较丰富的。乌克兰虽已制定了自己的航天工业发展计划,但近几年内还形不成较完整的体系,需要依靠与俄罗斯的合作。简要介绍“天顶号”和“旋风号”运载火箭的研制情况。     

空间相机中与大口径透镜有关的结构设计分析

某空间相机镜头在光学设计时，因透过率、吸收率等原因，为了满足光学系统要求，经过各方面平衡后，其中有一片透镜比正常径厚比设计的偏薄些。在镜头总体结构设计时，单独对该镜片及与之相配的结构件进行了有限元分析和实验检测，发现不同的结构形式对镜片面形影响不同。为了解决这一问题，在实验中进行了探讨，以保证整个相机系统满足空间相机的实用要求。     

发展航天产业与国民经济增长的关系

从发展信息处理技术、勘察国土资源、监测国土环境和减轻自然灾害等七个方面，论述了航天产业在国民经济建设中的地位和作用。应用大量实例，分析了航天产业所产生的直接和间接经济效益，认为航天产业是一支高经济效益的产业。最后分析了发展中国家发展航天产业的经济效益，认为发展中国有利用航天技术发展国民经济是一条捷径。     

基于扩展块的星载软件控制流容错评价方法

空间环境因素引发的星载软件瞬态的控制流错误可能对系统执行效能造成严重影响，为避免容错算法存储开销和执行开销给系统带入过多的计算压力，提出在容错算法开销和所取得的系统的可靠性提升上取得一定折衷，这是星载软件可靠性设计的合理方向。设计了一种适合于弹性添加容错代码的容错方法：扩展块数字签名的控制流检测方法ESCFC（Extend block Signatures for Control Flow Checking）。由空间高能粒子的实验结果和在轨实测结果为系统可靠度建模，提出了算法开销和可靠性效能提升的平衡关系的工程参考和理论依据。定性分析和模拟，充分说明了将该方法运用于航天工程的可行性。     

航天材料热物理性能测试技术的发展现状

根据航天材料热物理性能测试技术的特点 ,系统介绍了国内航天材料热物理性能测试技术的发展状况和发展趋势 ,并详细介绍了目前我国航天材料热物理性能测试领域中所具备的测试技术和测试装置、航天热物理性能所涉及的研究领域和内容以及目前正在开展的研究工作。     

Modeling novel methodologies for unmanned aerial systems–Applications to the UAS-S4 Ehecatl and the UAS-S45 Bálaam

The rising demand for Unmanned Aerial Systems(UASs) to perform tasks in hostile environments has emphasized the need for their simulation models for the preliminary evaluations of their missions. The efficiency of the UAS model is directly related to its capacity to estimate its flight dynamics with minimum computational resources. The literature describes several techniques to estimate accurate aircraft flight dynamics. Most of them are based on system identification. This paper presents an alternative methodology to obtain complete model of the S4 and S45 unmanned aerial systems. The UAS-S4 and the UAS-S45 models were divided into four sub-models, each corresponding to a specific discipline: aerodynamics, propulsion, mass and inertia, and actuator. The‘‘aerodynamic" sub-model was built using the Fderivatives in-house code, which is an improvement of the classical DATCOM procedure. The ‘‘propulsion" sub-model was obtained by coupling a two-stroke engine model based on the ideal Otto cycle and a Blade Element Theory(BET) analysis of the propeller. The ‘‘mass and the inertia" sub-model was designed utilizing the Raymer and DATCOM methodologies. A sub-model of an actuator using servomotor characteristics was employed to complete the model. The total model was then checked by validation of each submodel with numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the obtained model was accurate and could be used to design a flight simulator.     

Advances in critical technologies for hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnel

Hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels and their measurement techniques are the cornerstone of the hypersonic flight era that is a dream for human beings to fly faster, higher and further. The great progress has been achieved during the recent years and their critical technologies are still in an urgent need for further development. There are at least four kinds of hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels that are widely applied over the world and can be classified according to their operation modes. These wind tunnels are named as air-directly-heated hypersonic wind tunnel, light-gas-heated shock tunnel, free-piston-driven shock tunnel and detonation-driven shock tunnel, respectively. The critical technologies for developing the wind tunnels are introduced in this paper, and their merits and weakness are discussed based on wind tunnel performance evaluation. Measurement techniques especially developed for high-enthalpy flows are a part of the hypersonic wind tunnel technology because the flow is a chemically reacting gas motion and its diagnosis needs specially designed instruments. Three kinds of the measurement techniques considered to be of primary importance are introduced here, including the heat flux sensor, the aerodynamic balance, and optical diagnosis techniques. The techniques are developed usually for conventional wind tunnels, but further improved for hypersonic and high-enthalpy tunnels. The hypersonic ground test facilities have provided us with most of valuable experimental data on high-enthalpy flows and will play a more important role in hypersonic research area in the future. Therefore, several prospects for developing hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels are presented from our point of view.     

气膜孔内置扰动条作用下的射流-横流流场

为改善气膜冷却效率,提出了在倾斜气膜孔前缘内置扰动条的结构。通过与典型的圆柱形气膜孔流场的对比研究,总结出内置扰动条对流场的影响规律。研究结果表明,在射流-横流流场中,内置扰动条减小了射流向主流的穿透,使反向旋转涡对向壁面靠拢,穿透顶点下移;扰动条使下游反向涡对的强度增大;随着吹风比的增大,气膜孔下游同一位置处的流向涡强度增大,这一方面增加了主次流的相互掺混,另一方面也增大了流体沿展向的相互掺混。     

基于航天测控的实时仿真系统设计

航天器发射试验具有高风险性,而承担航天器测控的测控系统规模庞大、关系复杂,其测控设备、软件的正确性关系到试验成败。仿真技术的广泛应用,使设备、软件的正确性在发射任务前就可以得到充分验证,从而提高发射试验的安全性。以航天器试验任务为背景设计的实时仿真系统,在航天测量船上得到了成功应用,取得了良好的效果。