利用秩统计方法确定不完全S-N数据的p-S-N曲线

本文依据结构不同可靠度下的S—N曲线形状参数相同的观点，利用复合材料结构的不完全S—N数据，得到一组不完全疲劳极限数据，并采用秩统计方法，求得结构的p—S—N曲线，最后，给出了两个应用实例，通过对比分析了本文方法与假定完全寿命法的处理结果，发现本文方法充分利用了数据信息，能给出更好的疲劳性能。     

Brazilian participation in the International Space Station (ISS) program: commitment or bargain struck?

The invitation to Brazil to join the International Space Station (ISS) program illustrates the way that foreign-policy makers in the USA favor short-term decisions over long-term commitments, while, in accepting the invitation, Brazil was also promoting other objectives. In taking the initiative to invite Brazil, President Clinton provided a unique opportunity to a middle-to-low-ranking spacefaring developing country to join the program as part of NASA's quota for the ISS. However, this action was the result of exchanges and bargains between the two countries, involving domestic and international interests on both sides—not all directly related to ISS activities—targeted at security and industrialization issues. These included the international non-proliferation regime, the commercialization of space systems and facilities (particularly Brazil's Alcantara Launch Center) and intellectual property.     

离心喷嘴雾化特性的理论计算

本文根据动量守恒原理,分析了离心喷嘴的结构参数与喷嘴雾化特性(流量系数、喷雾锥角等)之间的关系,建立了相应的无粘理论计算模型.理论计算的结果与有关的实验数据相比较,符合程度较好.本文建立的理论计算模型对离心喷嘴雾化特性的研究,具有一定的参考价值.     

平流层飞艇大迎角气动特性分析

为了获得大迎角下的平流层飞艇的气动特性,基于N-S方程及k-ωSST湍流模型,对某平流层飞艇的大迎角气动特性进行数值模拟分析.结果表明：平流层飞艇的大迎角失速特性及力矩特性与飞机具有较大的区别,飞艇的失速迎角较大（45°左右）;俯仰力矩特性在失速前呈现完全不同的两种趋势,小迎角范围内其静不稳定,迎角增加到一定程度后变为静稳定且维持该状态直至失速.研究结果对平流层飞艇的大迎角操稳设计、飞控设计具有重要的参考意义.     

可调桨距冲压空气涡轮气动特性实验与数值分析

冲压空气涡轮风洞实验主要目的是采用相似准则,模拟空中加油工作状态,测量涡轮输出功率,分析涡轮气动特性。实验分别使用励磁发电机和加油泵作为测功器,通过调桨变距并测量最大输出功率。气动特性实验表明在风洞气流速度比加油机最小飞行速度低16%的条件下,冲压涡轮输出功率即可满足加油需要。论文还采用高数值稳定性代数Baldwin-Lomax湍流模型模拟冲压涡轮全三维混合型流场,分析流场主要气动特性,讨论桨叶表面载荷的分布。数值模拟结果显示在冲压空气涡轮桨叶近轮毂区域需要进一步优化。      

非制导炸弹投掷的攻击航迹规划研究

战斗机投掷非制导炸弹,需要预先对攻击航迹做出合理规划,以提高作战效能和生存能力。为此,提出一种战斗机的攻击航迹规划方法。首先建立战斗机运动模型,生成基本战术动作模型库,并将动作组合合成为基本航迹;然后,构建各阶段动作参数的开闭环控制模型,对战术动作进行微观控制,并依据飞行员经验确定参数变化的约束范围;最后,基于非制导炸弹的基本性能和战术运用方式,限定战机的投掷参数,进而完成航迹规划。对机动跃升加俯冲攻击战术进行仿真分析和演示验证。结果表明:所规划航迹满足攻击条件,运动参数符合飞行要求,验证方法可行有效。     

一种适用于军机总装的产品质量先期策划流程研究

在军用飞机总装阶段存在质量管控与业务流程脱节、质量先期策划不足导致的管控成本较高等问题。为解决这些问题,基于国际航空质量组织APQP 应用指南,改进并提出适用于军用飞机总装阶段的APQP 应用指南（MAFA-APQP）,包括理论模型、核心内容以及关键要素等;以航空发动机安装为对象,验证军用飞机总装APQP 在工艺流程优...     

Stochastic modelling considering ionospheric scintillation effects on GNSS relative and point positioning

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), in particular the Global Positioning System (GPS), have been widely used for high accuracy geodetic positioning. The Least Squares functional models related to the GNSS observables have been more extensively studied than the corresponding stochastic models, given that the development of the latter is significantly more complex. As a result, a simplified stochastic model is often used in GNSS positioning, which assumes that all the GNSS observables are statistically independent and of the same quality, i.e. a similar variance is assigned indiscriminately to all of the measurements. However, the definition of the stochastic model may be approached from a more detailed perspective, considering specific effects affecting each observable individually, as for example the effects of ionospheric scintillation. These effects relate to phase and amplitude fluctuations in the satellites signals that occur due to diffraction on electron density irregularities in the ionosphere and are particularly relevant at equatorial and high latitude regions, especially during periods of high solar activity. As a consequence, degraded measurement quality and poorer positioning accuracy may result.     

适用于CEI的GEO卫星相时延解算方法及试验

为解决在实际航天任务中利用连线干涉测量(CEI)技术进行高精度GEO卫星定轨以及共位GEO卫星相对定位时面临的载波相位整周模糊度难题,提出了一种基于卫星下行信号的多弧段融合相位模糊度解算方法,它通过相邻多弧段载波相位值和窄带信号群时延值的融合处理可精确获得无模糊载波相时延观测量。对提出的方法进行了性能仿真和实际外场试验验证,结果表明：在20 km基线上,利用北斗GEO卫星的伪码测距信号和天链卫星的测控信号均成功实现了S频段解载波整周相位模糊,相时延测量精度优于0.1ns,对应GEO卫星定轨精度优于54 m。该方法在国内首次实现了在几十km基线量级上利用几百kHz窄带测控信号获得无模糊载波相时延,具有较好的工程应用前景。     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验,数据分析表明,强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力,但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性,以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。