输入滞后和状态滞后系统的鲁棒H∞控制

针对一类具有状态滞后、输出滞后和凸多面体不确定性的连续时间系统,研究了时滞依赖型鲁棒H_∞控制器的设计问题.通过引入两个附加的松弛矩阵使Lyapunov矩阵和系统矩阵得到分离,得到一个新的鲁棒H_∞性能判据,并基于该判据设计了系统的鲁棒H_∞状态反馈控制器.设计的状态反馈控制器不但保证闭环系统的二次稳定性,同时使系统的H_∞范数小于一个给定的衰减水平.并且设计了一个迭代算法得到问题的次最优解.指出了一种可以在现有的研究成果的基础上得到新的具有更低保守性的性能准则的有效途径.最后通过一个数值算例验证了所提出算法的可行性和优越性.     

高超声速飞行器异步切换的鲁棒H∞控制

针对高超声速飞行器子系统与控制器异步切换问题,提出了一种鲁棒H_∞控制策略.构造了依赖于控制器切换信号的Lyapunov函数,可以有效抵消由异步切换带来的控制器设计困难,结合平均驻留时间方法和Lyapunov函数方法,分析了系统的全局一致渐近稳定性和H_∞性能指标,设计了异步切换的鲁棒H_∞控制器.仿真结果表明,该方法实现高超声速飞行器在异步切换过程中对指令的精确跟踪,控制量在异步切换时刻无跳跃现象,同时对扰动具有较强的抑制作用.     

配置压电自感作动器智能板振动的主动控制

将板的横向位移按模态展开,对配置压电自感作动器的薄板建立了模型,给出以广义模态坐标为状态变量的状态方程和以传感电流为输出的观测方程,在此基础上,对系统进行了LQG控制和H_∞控制.文中对配置3对压电自感作动器的四边简支薄板结构做了数值仿真,将H_∞控制结果与LQG控制做了比较,绘制出干扰 ω与广义模态速度v 之间传递函数的H₂范数图,同时给出速度、位移响应图,所需作用电压图.仿真结果说明本文的控制方法是有效的.     

基于鲁棒控制的光纤电流互感器的噪声抑制

光纤电流互感器是一类存在模型参数不确定性的系统,为提高系统测量精度,利用鲁棒控制理论提出了系统的鲁棒H_∞控制器设计方案.分析系统的检测原理并建立数学模型.针对光纤电流互感器系统给出控制器设计指标,使得闭环系统渐近稳定且提高系统噪声抑制能力.理论证明控制器设计方案满足设计指标的要求,并利用线性矩阵不等式的可行解给出了控制器的构造方法.最后通过计算机仿真和实验结果证明了此控制器设计方案的可行性和有效性.     

H∞滤波在惯导系统地面快速对准中的应用

阐述了H_∞滤波器的设计过程,并将H_∞滤波方法应用于惯导系统地面初始对准.文中建立了惯导系统的误差模型,并对其进行了可观性分析,利用H_∞滤波方法对可观子系统进行了滤波计算,给出了在噪声统计特性未知方差有界情况下惯导系统初始对准的仿真曲线,仿真结果表明该方法克服了卡尔曼滤波对噪声的苛刻要求,滤波效果能够满足工程需要,进一步说明H_∞滤波应用于惯导系统初始对准是有效的.为提高对准速度,文中给出了方位误差角的一种快速估计方法,结果表明该方法是可行的.     

变时延网络控制系统的鲁棒故障检测

针对具有时变时延的网络控制系统故障检测问题,提出了一种基于鲁棒H_∞思想的故障检测滤波器设计方法.将鲁棒H_∞故障检测问题归结为寻找滤波器参数矩阵,使得滤波系统内稳定并且满足鲁棒H_∞性能指标.根据残差评价函数和故障阈值判断系统是否存在故障.假设时变时延的上下界已知.基于时延相关Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函方法给出了系统内稳定并且具有H_∞指标的时延相关条件.在外部控制输入、外界干扰和故障信号有界的情况下,所设计的故障检测滤波器能够保证生成的残差信号有界.针对HiMAT（Highly Maneuverable Technology）飞行器设计了故障检测滤波器,并通过仿真分析验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

状态反馈 H∞ 控制问题可解条件的简化

考虑了状态反馈H_∞控制可解条件的简化问题.状态反馈H_∞控制问题的可解性可转化为一类线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的可解性,通过删除这类LMI中多余的矩阵变量,可减少矩阵变量的维数.而且,基于降维LMI的可行解,可构造出原LMI的可行解集.在此基础上,导出了简化的状态反馈H_∞控制问题可解条件.基于简化条件的可行解,可构造出状态反馈H_∞控制器簇,该控制器簇中含有丰富的自由参数.最后,给出了两个简单的例子,说明了文中方法的正确性.     

一类非理想切换系统的H∞控制器设计

针对实际物理过程中普遍存在的动力学切换现象,提出一类具有平滑切换过程的非理想切换系统模型,并研究其鲁棒H_∞切换控制器设计方法.基于平均驻留时间方法与积分不等式理论,得到保证非理想切换系统渐近稳定且满足给定L₂增益的充分条件.在此基础上,以线性矩阵不等式形式给出H_∞切换控制器的设计准则.所提非理想切换系统较之理想切换系统更具一般性,故所得控制方法同样适用于理想切换系统.变体飞行器跟踪控制的应用实例表明,基于设计方法得到的控制器在保证系统稳定性与跟踪性能的同时,对系统参数摄动具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于LMI的降阶鲁棒控制器设计

基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的 H_∞设计方法给出了所有全阶和降阶控制器的参数化结果,其中降阶控制器的求解需要满足一个秩条件,这个秩条件是非凸的.为了避开非凸问题的求解,提出了一种新的设计降阶控制器的凸优化方法,从而得到了保证H_∞性能指标的降阶控制器.为了减少保守性,进而基于投影原理提出了一种设计更低阶次鲁棒控制器的新方法.该方法为系统的H_∞性能与控制器期望阶次的折中设计提供了一条可行途径.     

直升机桨距调节助力器电液加载系统的H∞控制

基于对某直升机桨距调节液压助力器地面试验用电液负载模拟器的原理分析,建立了电液加载系统的动态模型．由于电液加载系统中存在着结构参数难以精确获取和伺服阀负载流量非线性等不确定性因素,采用传统的经典控制理论设计出的控制器难以奏效,为此研究了基于H_∞理论的电液加载系统的鲁棒控制策略．选择适当的权函数,利用混合灵敏度的方法设计并且采用基于线性矩阵不等式的算法求解出鲁棒控制器．给出了使用鲁棒力控制器的试验结果,结果证明所设计鲁棒力控制器的有效性和优越性．     

压电智能柔性梁振动主动控制研究

利用压电陶瓷作为作动器,对柔性悬臂梁进行了振动主动控制研究.分析了压电结构振动主动控制的原理和方法.采用独立模态控制法对柔性悬臂梁的前两阶模态实施主动控制.实验结果表明,通过振动主动控制明显增加了柔性悬臂梁的结构阻尼,取得了十分有效的振动抑制效果.      

Robust H∞ controller design for attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with input constraints

This paper addresses the attitude stabilization and vibration suppression problem for flexible spacecraft subject to model parameter uncertainty, controller perturbations, external disturbances and input constraints. The attitude model of flexible spacecraft is described and converted into a state space form in terms of passive and active vibration suppression schemes. A novel state feedback controller is proposed based on the exactly available expectation of a new variable, which is introduced to model a randomly occurring controller gain perturbation. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the existence of the nonfragile H_∞ controller considering input constraints are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) in terms of additive perturbation and multiplicative perturbation. Then, the developed controller subject to required constraints can be obtained, where the nonfragile property is fully considered to improve the tolerance to uncertainties in the controller. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy in attitude stabilization and vibration suppression, where it should be noted that the passive vibration suppression scheme is superior for high natural frequencies while the active vibration suppression scheme is superior for low natural frequencies. Moreover, the low natural frequencies have more influence on the performance of attitude stabilization and vibration suppression.     

Optimal H∞ robust output feedback control for satellite formation in arbitrary elliptical reference orbits

A two degree-of-freedom signal-based optimal H_∞ robust output feedback controller is designed for satellite formation in an arbitrary elliptical reference orbit. Based on high-fidelity linearized dynamics of relative motion, uncertainties introduced by non-zero eccentricity and gravitational J2 perturbation are separated to construct a robust control model. Furthermore, a distributed robust control model is derived by modifying the perturbed robust control model of each satellite with the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the communication graph, which represent uncertainty in the communication topology. A signal-based optimal H_∞ robust controller is then designed primarily. Considering that the uncertainties involved in the distributed robust control model have a completely diagonal structure, the corresponding analyses are made through structured singular value theory to reduce the conservativeness. Based on simulation results, further designs including increasing the degrees of freedom of the controller, modifying the performance and control weighted functions, adding a post high-pass filter according to the dynamic characteristics, and reducing the control model are made to improve the control performance. Nonlinear simulations demonstrate that the resultant optimal H_∞ robust output feedback controller satisfies the robust performance requirements under uncertainties caused by non-zero eccentricity, J2 perturbation, and varying communication topology, and that 5 m accuracy in terms of stable desired formation configuration can be achieved by the presented optimal H_∞ robust controller. In addition to considering the widely discussed uncertainties caused by the orbit of each satellite in a formation, the optimal H_∞ robust output feedback control model presented in the current work considers the uncertainties caused by varying communication topology in the satellite formation that works in a cooperative way. Other new improvements include adopting a new method to more accurately describe and analyze the effects of the higher-order J2 perturbation, combining all the uncertainties into a diagonal structure, and utilizing a structured singular value to synthesize and analyze the controller.     

柔性悬臂梁的离散变结构控制

对柔性梁的振动主动控制进行了研究．主动控制策略采用独立模态空间控制，模态控制律采用离散变结构控制律；给出了从实际测量中提取模态坐标和将模态控制力转换成实际控制力的方法，并给出了离散切换面和离散变结构模态控制律的确定方法．最后结合算例，对文中所给控制方法的有效性进行了验证．     

压电自适应桁架结构主动控制模型及实验

为提高结构对外部环境的抗干扰能力,构造了压电柔性自适应桁架结构,并对其主动控制进行了研究.由传感器、作动器与柔性梁组成压电自适应桁架结构.基于自适应结构的机电耦合理论,在测量位移的情况下,采用改进的二次积分力反馈控制方法研究了空间压电柔性自适应桁架结构的振动主动控制问题.建立了压电柔性自适应桁架结构主动控制实验系统,并对这类自适应结构进行了实时计算机振动主动控制实验研究.实验研究表明柔性自适应桁架结构能够改善结构的动力学特性,对外界的干扰具有良好的自适应性.     

Formation control using μ-synthesis for Inner-Formation Gravity Measurement Satellite System

Inner-Formation Gravity Measurement Satellite System (IFGMSS) is used to map the gravity field of Earth. The IFGMSS consists of two satellites in which one is called “inner satellite” and the other one is named as “outer satellite”. To measure the pure Earth gravity, the inner satellite is located in the cavity of the outer satellite. Because of the shield effect of the cavity, the inner satellite is affected only by the gravitational force, so it can sense Earth gravity precisely. To avoid the collision between the inner satellite and the outer satellite, it is best to perform a real-time control on the outer satellite. In orbit, the mass of the outer satellite decreases with the consumption of its propellant. The orbit angular rate of the inner satellite varies with time due to various disturbing forces. These two parameters’ uncertainties make the C–W function be not so accurate to describe the formation behavior of these two satellites. Furthermore, the thrusters also have some uncertainties due to the unmodelled dynamics. To cancel the effects caused by the above uncertainties, we have studied the robust control method based on the μ-synthesis. This μ-synthesis eliminates the conservativeness and improves the control efficiency comparing with the H_∞ method. Finally, to test the control method, we simulate an IFGMSS mission in which the satellite runs in a sun synchronous circular orbit with an altitude of 300 km. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the robust control method. The performances of the closed-loop system with the μ-controller are tested by the μ-analysis. It has found that the nominal performance, the robust stability and the robust performance are all achieved. The transient simulation results further prove the control response is fast and the accuracy of the relative position meets the demand of the gravity measurement.     

压电悬臂梁智能元数字仿真模型设计及分析

针对在薄壳结构上层合压电传感器与作动器的智能结构系统进行振动控制问题,提出了一种专用的数字电路化智能元仿真模型进行振动特性分析的新方法.以压电悬臂梁系统为例,利用有限差分方法将主体结构、压电传感信号及压电控制力矩的动力学偏微分方程转化为智能元差分方程;建立基于Newmark-β积分方法的智能元数学矩阵模型;在DSP数字电路系统上设计智能元仿真系统;对不同差分密度和积分时间步长下系统各个模态的输出特性进行了分析,并与相关文献中采用不同控制方法的模拟电路仿真结果进行了比较,取得了更精确的结果.该方法为压电结构系统的振动特性仿真分析提供了新途径.     

全柔性空间机器人基于虚拟力的输出反馈有限维重复学习控制及振动抑制

探讨了基座、关节、臂均存在柔性情况下，空间机器人关节轨迹运动及多重柔性振动的主动控制和主动抑制问题.结合线性弹簧、扭转弹簧、简支梁及假设模态法，利用拉格朗日方程建立了基座、关节、臂全柔性影响下的空间机器人系统动力学模型，利用奇异摄动法，将模型分解为关节运动慢变子系统与关节柔性振动快变子系统.为控制慢变子系统中载体姿态、关节刚性运动并且抑制臂的柔性振动，依据虚拟控制力的概念，设计了基于有限维傅里叶级数解析周期信号的输出反馈重复学习算法.李雅普诺夫直接法证实了上述控制器的稳定性.为了抑制快变子系统中基座和关节的柔性振动，分别采用线性二次最优控制方法以及引入关节柔性补偿器间接增大关节等效刚度的方式，使控制算法不局限于求解弱非线性问题.系统数值仿真结果表明，所提出的控制器能够有效抑制机器人多重柔性构件的振动，实现对期望信号的高品质追踪.      

空间运动体上梁的三维动力学建模和仿真

对附着在空间运动体上梁的动力学问题进行了研究,运用Lagrange方法建立了中心刚体作任意三维运动时,梁作横向振动和纵向振动的动力学方程,考虑了柔性梁的横向弯曲变形所带来的纵向位移,这种耦合变形使所得到的振动方程包含了动力刚化效应,这是与传统的梁振动模型的不同之处,最后通过仿真算例验证了该方法.