球形重力场下的视线动力学方程

以交会对接问题为背景,建立了球形重力场下的视线动力学方程,其简化形式可以描述平面重力场下的相对运动。该方程直接描述了视线参数和机动策略之间的关系,可广泛应用于相对运动问题的机动策略研究。     

基于双视线测量的相对导航方法

对非合作目标自主交会中的中远程相对导航问题进行研究.首先,给出二阶近似的航天器相对轨道动力学方程,并对视线(LOS)导航方法的可观测性进行了分析.然后,提出基于双视线测量的相对导航方案.该导航方案中,系统过程噪声模型采用适用于航天器远距离相对运动的轨道动力学方程;量测量包括目标对两个追踪航天器的视线角和追踪航天器之间的...     

高效欧拉方程解法求解轴对称引射喷管三股流问题

推导了三维流动的广义欧拉方程黎曼增量梯度形式的欧拉方程及其轴对称形式表达，针对引射喷管三股流问题的特点在运动网格下作了H变换。在此基础上将高效欧拉方程解法应用于求解轴对称引射喷管三股流问题，为解决次流通道狭窄带来的问题，采用了弱耦合法处理滑流边界。     

可压混合层涡并放热效应的涡动力分析

 基于双元单步不可逆燃烧动力学简化模型 ,采用紧致差分算法直接求解二维可压 Navier-Stokes方程 ,研究了时间发展非预混扩散火焰平面反应混合层流动。拟序结构由数值线性稳定性分析方法设定的粘性可压最不稳定小扰动初场促生。随放热强度增大 ,得到了基频涡卷撕裂现象。涡动力分析表明 ,放热主要通过膨胀和斜压这两种强非线性过程抑制大尺度剪切涡的演化     

基于控制理论的Euler方程翼型减阻优化设计

在Jameson的控制论气动优化设计思想下，应用Euler方程研究了翼型的反设计和减阻问题。设计过程中的梯度是通过求解一个伴随偏微分方程而得到的，每个设计迭代只需求解一次Euler方程和一次伴随方,一与设计变量数无关。在具体数值执行中：①利用分部积分将目标函数变分的计算转化成了类似于计算Euler方程残值的形式，节省了机器时间；②根据控制理论的要求，将减阻问题转化成了相应地修改伴随方程的物面边界条件和目标函数的变分表达，使问题得到了简化；③利用特征不变量分析法，处理了伴承方程的物面和远场边界条件。设计算例证明了本文方法可靠性好、收敛快、大大节约设计时间。     

超声速绕凹角流动的压力分裂形式简化N—S方程数值解

本文从压力分裂形式的简化Ｎ－Ｓ方程出发，用Ｒｕｂｉｎ格式对超声速粘性流动进行了数值求解，给出了超声速绕凹角附着流及带有小分离气泡流动的结果，与其它数值方法所得结果相比，符合较好。     

基于圆柱筒支撑紧缩场极坐标测试扫描系统的研制

紧缩场测试扫描系统是对紧缩场静区场进行测试、分析、寻找并排除影响紧缩场性能的干扰源及后期定期检测的关键设备。本文设计了基于圆柱筒支撑结构的紧缩场极坐标扫描架,并利用激光扫平原理设计了扫描架平面度补偿装置,实现了极坐标扫描架的快速补偿,简化了扫描架结构,提高了测试精度和测试效率。测试结果表明补偿后的扫描架平面度误差为0.032 mm,满足检测要求。     

空战攻防对策力学准则的推广

对空战攻防对策力学准则进行了推广研究。导出考虑导弹杀伤半径不为零时的“圆捕获”的界栅方程，该方程表明“点捕获”界栅方程是“圆捕获”界栅方程的特例，给出了捕获区，逃逸区和界栅几何图形，该图形描述了界栅与视线距，视线变化率，视线角速度之间的关系；分析了导弹杀伤半径，导弹和目标机动能力的差值对导弹和目标空战效果的影响。     

超声速绕凹角流动的压力分裂形式简化N－S方程数值解

本文从压力分裂形式的简化Ｎ－Ｓ方程出发，用Ｒｕｂｉｎ格式对超声速粘性流动进行了数值求解，给出了超声速绕凹角附着流及带有小分离气泡流动的结果，与其它数值方法所得结果相比，符合较好。     

超声速平面钝体流动的快速解法

本文介绍了一种平面流动的快速欧拉方程解法。该方法将原参数非定常欧拉方程组重新组合成以广义称曼变量表示的欧拉方程组，再用二点二步迎风格式离散解。针对钝体流动，本文先建立了动网格下的方程，构造了动网格下的算法。提出了一种简单的激波处理方法。计算结果表明，该方法速度快，稳定性好，对初场不敏感。     

基于广义Kalman估计的机载雷达高精度控制系统

 研究了在某型现役机载雷达系统中, 采用广义Kalman 滤波器方法来预估目标机的俯仰角和方位角,产生跟踪目标用的雷达天线驱动信号, 替代传统的速率陀螺测量元件来补偿本机机动所造成的扰动的方法,同时对探测信号本身所具有的延迟起到了补偿作用。对目标的运动采用直角坐标系中的Singer 模型描述, 而对测量信号则是应用极坐标系中的描述, 采用广义Kalman 滤波器来完成估计, 即在每一步的估计和控制中对计算测量方程进行线性化结果, 实现两种坐标系的转换。通过应用Matlab/ Simulink 软件对整个系统的建模、设计及仿真研究, 得到了满意的结果。     

Ideal proportional navigation for exoatmospheric interception

Ideal proportional navigation (IPN) is a natural choice for exoatmospheric interception for its mighty capture capability and ease of implementation. The closed-form solution of two- dimensional ideal proportional navigation was conducted in previous public literature, whereas the practical interception happens in the three-dimensional space. A novel set of relative dynamic equations is adopted in this paper, which is with the advantage of decoupling relative motion in the instantaneous rotation plane of the line of sight from the rotation of this plane. The dimension-reduced IPN is constructed in this instantaneous plane, which functions as a three-dimensional guidance law. The trajectory features of dimension-reduced IPN are explored, and the capture regions of dimension-reduced IPN with limited acceleration against nonmaneuvering and maneuvering targets are analyzed by using phase plane method. It is proved that the capture capability of IPN is much stronger than true proportional navigation (TPN), no matter the target maneuvers or not. Finally, simulation results indicate that IPN is more effective than TPN in exoatmospheric interception scenarios.     

Unified approach to missile guidance laws: a 3D extension

Since the proportional navigation guidance law was first introduced, many of the researchers had proposed different methodologies to investigate the corresponding performances of all the existing guidance laws. Even though a unified approach was proposed a few years ago, other authors found that under the proposed framework, all the existing guidance laws, namely ideal proportional navigation (IPN), true proportional navigation (TPN), and pure proportional navigation (PPN), were indeed special cases of the mentioned general guidance law. However, the results were restricted to two-dimensional space. In this paper, the author not only extends the results to three-dimensional space, but also to general IPN (GIPN), general TPN (GTPN), and PPN. Unlike conventional researchers, a modified polar coordinate (MPC) is adopted. It is shown that with the property of this MPC, for the line of sight (LOS) based guidance laws (GIPN and GTPN) the number of differential equations required to fully describe the relative dynamics can be reduced from six to three, however, for the missile's velocity-based guidance law, i.e., PPN, five differential equations are required. All the terms of differential equations involve only products and additions of variables. For all the mentioned guidance laws in this paper, only two transformed variables are required to describe the capture region, while the third variable is required to provide the condition of finite turn rate.     

Depth of Field for SAR with Aircraft Acceleration

Processing synthetic array radar (SAR) data is difficult if the depth of field is small. Aircraft acceleration can severely reduce the depth of field and thereby increase the processing. The effects of aircraft acceleration on the depth of field for three types of SAR processing are analyzed: (1) conventional processing (range-Dopper processing), (2) variable pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) (PRF changes to compensate for aircraft acceleration), and (3) polar format. Polar format is a technique for processing high resolution SAR which has a much larger depth of field in the ground plane than conventional processing. On the other hand, aircraft acceleration will limit the vertical depth of field for polar format to about the same value as for conventional processing. In addition, for polar format, the only component of aircraft acceleration that limits the vertical depth of field is the component normal to the slant plane containing the velocity and range vectors. Vector notation is used to graphically show the effects of aircraft acceleration. In addition to better insight, the vector notation gives equations for SAR compensation that do not depend on a specific coordinate system.     

基于极坐标的数控铣削手工编程零件加工

通过数控编程中直角坐标系与极坐标系的比较,分别介绍了在我国广泛使用的FANUC系统、SIEMENS系统以及国产华中数控系统的极坐标编程规定,针对用角度和长度尺寸给定的工件手工编程较难解决的问题,应用实例说明了基于极坐标进行手工编程加工零件的方法,从而简化了编程.     

弹射座椅救生性能研究

针对座椅在铅垂面内弹射的简化模型,建立了系统的非线性运动方程,然后用推进阵面法建立了人－椅系统平面的非结构网络,并用Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程作为主控方程对某型座椅的气动阻 力系数,升力系数和气动力矩系数进行了验证性计算,最后对非线性运动方程在时域内进行积分,得到人－椅系统运动轨迹,运动速度和旋转角速度等性能参数,并与座椅弹射测试结果进行了比较分析,结果表明,用非结构网络计算的座椅气动特性与座椅吹风数据吻合,计算了弹射救生性能曲线与试验数据的趋势基本一致。     

非合作目标动态RCS仿真方法

针对非合作目标难以开展动态测量的问题,根据空气动力学原理提出了一种非合作目标动态雷达散射截面（RCS）仿真方法。该方法首先建立测量背景下典型飞行航路模型,然后计算雷达视线在机体坐标系上的时变姿态角。根据姿态角开展电磁计算,获得F-117A隐身攻击机在侧站平飞、背站拉起、对站俯冲、侧站盘旋4种航路下的动态RCS数据。着重分析了动、静态RCS特性在起伏目标检测性能评估上的差异。结果表明：静态RCS特性难以反映目标运动时真实的雷达特性,利用静态数据描述目标特性可能导致错误结论,而文中方法获取的动态RCS数据可以提高结论的完整性和可信度。     

Integrated guidance and control design of a flight vehicle with side-window detection

This paper considers the guidance and control problem of a flight vehicle with side-window detection. In order to guarantee the target remaining in the seeker's sight of view, the line of sight and the attitude of the flight vehicle should be under some constraints caused by the side-window, which leads to coupling between the guidance and the attitude dynamics model. To deal with the side-window constraints and the coupling, a novel Integrated Guidance and Control (IGC) design approach is proposed. Firstly, the relative motion equations are derived in the body-Line of Sight (LOS) coordinate system. And the guidance and control problem of the flight vehicle is formulated into an IGC problem with state constraints. Then, based on the singular perturbation method, the IGC problem is decomposed into the control design of the quasi-steady-state subsystem and the boundary-layer subsystem which can be designed separately. Finally, the receding horizon control is applied to the control design for the two subsystems. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

一种非线性部分极曲线的试飞方法

介绍了一种不测推力获取非线性部分极曲线的试飞方法。从飞机纵向动力学方程出发,推导出了利用试飞数据计算非线性部分诱导阻力系数Ａ值的公式,在铅垂对称平面内进行了飞行试验。试验结果表明：不测推力法试飞结果同测推力法试飞结果、风洞预测值以及Ｊ７原型机资料值具有良好的一致性,不测推力法是一种经济、可靠、简便而有效的试飞方法,可用于同类型飞机的非线性曲线试飞研究。     

偏转弹头导弹动力学建模

偏转弹头控制是一种新型的导弹控制方式,精确动力学模型的建立对于导弹性能、稳定性和控制的分析是必不可少的。本文采用多体动力学建模方法中的凯恩(Kane)方法对偏转弹头导弹建立了动力学模型。首先建立合适的坐标系,选取8个变量的速率为广义速率,之后推导了弹身弹头的运动学方程,接着得到广义主动力和广义惯性力,其中将控制弹头偏转的作动力矩视为主动力矩而非理想约束考虑进广义主动力的计算中,最终得到导弹的8个标量动力学方程。推导过程显示凯恩方法比牛顿-欧拉方法推导过程更为简化。利用得到的精确动力学模型进行动态仿真,通过比较研究了采用弹头质心位于弹头偏转铰链中心假设下的简化模型对导弹动态响应的影响,结果显示,在弹头偏转较慢时简化模型会带来较大的动态响应误差。